Performance Enhancement Of Optical Microring Resonator Using Taguchi Method Experimental Design

Taguchi method is a statistical approach to optimize the design parameters and improve the performance at a low cost. In this paper, Taguchi method is used as an attempt to analyze and optimize the Microring Resonators (MRRs) design, a multiple application device in optical communication systems. The silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer was selected as the medium of waveguide construction, with four control factors considered, namely width of rings and channels, radii of the microring, upper rib waveguide height and gap size. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to analyze significant trends occurring on the Quality Factor (Q) and insertion loss (IL) performances under different sets of control factor combinations. Optimum parameter values were obtained and the confirmation experiments were also carried out. Upon optimization, the Q value improved to 1550 from 786 and IL decreased to 0.03 dB from 0.27 dB. It is verified via Taguchi analysis that not only the design constraints of the Microring Resonator can be identified, the performance of the design can be enhanced as well

Compact Optical Filter Based On Microring Resonator

Optical filter that utilizes silicon micro-ring resonator (MRR) has been proposed as a solution in order to provide high-bandwidth, low power consumption and small size. MRR is the promising basic element of future optical integrated circuits due to its various applications such as wavelength filter, modulator and sensor. In this paper, we investigate the trade-off between ring radius, gap size and width of core variations to the MRR performance

Frozen Dice Enterprise / Nur Adilah Zulkiply… [et al.]

FROZEN DICE is a special name creates by us to show our personality. Two simple words that will bring changes to the frozen food retail industry. In the same time, we bring the uniqueness and creativity into this industry. Frozen is refer to our product which is typical and assorted frozen food. Dice is refers to all product and future product from our company in dice or square shape. This is the originality of our company. We come with our own identity which is SQUARE. Besides focus on taste of our product, we really stress on our identity which is dice or square. The originality of our products is among the main things that need to focus in producing area. Our emphasis will be on producing, making and selling chicken square. Frozen Dice will be an outlet that can help our target customer to make their life more easier. Such as working parents and food sellers which will easily attract to our product that really have different shape and really easy to prepared. Besides, it also can give new experience when eating with food that comes with new shapes. As everyone knew, George Town already declared as UNESCO World Heritage Site, it much and more gives some advantage for us to distribute and start a new product in Penang area. We hope to run our business on 15th January 2011. Our company is formed among 4 partners that share the same dream and vision in developing and being part of the frozen food industry in Malaysia, all of whom will be invaluable to the new venture. Our outlet will be located at: Lot 103, Persiaran Perda 15, Bandar Perda, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang. We choose this location because the turn over people in and out from this area is high. So to expand a new company it is a benefit for us. So that, we satisfied and agree to start up our business in Bandar Perda

Analytical hierarchy process for automated fertigation blending system in reducing nutrient and water losses

Fertigation is one of the agricultural methods of farming techniques which is can produce high productivity crops and efficiency in using resources. This research attempt to design and select the best criteria for an Automated Fertigation Blending System (AFBS) for reducing the eutrophication problem. Eutrophication is caused by the excessive use of nutrients and water runoff into the fresh water. The criteria had been selected based on the customer requirements (CRs) from the survey. The CRs and ECs are the two criteria for the four best design alternatives using the House of Quality (HoQ) selection method. A new methodological framework that integrated the design optional consisting of an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was developed. The AHP was developed to evaluate the selection criteria in each design developed by using a pairwise-comparison matrix. Seven criteria were implied in selecting the best design, covering ease of installation, compact and portable, safety, low equipment maintenance cost, user friendly, durability, and reduce nutrient and water runoff. The best AFBS is Design 4 with the highest performance and higher score 73.7% because of its safety, durability, user friendly, compact and portable, and reduces nutrient excess and water runoff. Conclusively, this proposed framework provides the decision to select criteria and ECs for future AFBS without an extensive experiment by saving time, and money, and reducing the negative impact on sustainabilit

Optimal fertigation for automated fertilizer blending system by minimising fertilizer cost and utility consumption

In agricultural industries, efficient nutrient and water management are crucial to saving costs maximising crop yields, and increasing profit. A fertigation system is used to irrigate sufficient nutrients and water for the growing needs of the crops. However, the water and nutrient volume needed for each crop remains unknown due to various crop phases and the dynamics of nutritional demand. Therefore, this research work presents the optimisation modeling for an Automated Fertilizer Blending System (AFBS) to minimise the operational cost of nutrients, water, and electricity. The proposed optimisation model considers for the AFBS: (i) operational status of irrigation pump and stock tanks; (ii) stocks level for nutrient and water at each stock tank; (iii) inventory level for nutrient solutions in an AFBS tank; and (iv) nutrient and water level of the plants. The mathematical model is developed as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The optimisation problem is modeled using GAMS v-38.2.1 and solved by CPLEX 12 with a zero-optimality gap. In conclusion, cost comparison analysis between electricity, fertilizer, and supplied water represents the optimal cost percentage in engaging with nutrient losses minimised by 30%, water runoff, and electricity costs for optimal condition-based fertigation systems

Optimisation Of Ternary Green Diesel Blends For Diesel/Palm Methyl Ester/Alcohol Using Product Design Optimization

Among many alternative fuels, oxygenated fuels like biodiesel and biomass-based energy (biofuel) such as bioalcohol have greater potential to enhance engine performance and mitigate particulate exhaust emissions in compression-ignition (CI) engines. The main objective of this study is to determine the optimal ternary green diesel (GD) blends formulation by identifying the most feasible diesel/biodiesel/alcohol that meeting the ASTM D975, Standard Specification for petro-diesel. Three steps of product design optimization (PDO) has been performed, (1) specify the fuel target properties based on Euro5; (2) optimize the formulation for ternary GD blends; (3) rank and select the optimal ternary GD blends. The ranking and selecting the optimal ternary GD blends were focused on the correlation of the higher cetane number (CN) over the cost of fuel. The PDO model indicated the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly diesel/biodiesel/alcohol ternary GD blends shall contain 74 % Malaysia petro-diesel, 16 % palm methyl ester (PME) and 1 % of butanol. Notably, the higher CN, the shorter the fuel ignition and the better the combustion efficiency. High CN fuels can significantly burn faster and more completely and hence reduce the harmful exhaust emissions such as SO2

Reviewing and identifying the green criteria in relation to the building cost: project management

To determine the similarities and differences categories of the assessments between the Malaysian green assessment tool for residential building with other countries, six (60 green assessments from six (6)different countries had been chosen; the United State (US) to represent the American region, the United Kingdom (UK)to represent Europe, Japan to represent Asia and Australia. Singapore was chosen as it is very close tot he location of the case study, Malaysia. Each of the countries represents different climate condition except for Singapore and Malaysia which experience the same climate. This paper will show a comparison of each selected green assessment tool under Management/Project Management criterion. The objective is to find out the potential benchmarks which can be applied in developing a cost modal prediction tool for the Malaysian green home

MRR Filter Characterizations In WDM System For Digital Signals Transmissions

This paper discusses the implementation, capabilities and limitations of Microring Resonator (MRR) filter in the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) system, particularly as a wavelength selector components for high-speed (> 2.5 Gbps) WDM digital systems. To accommodate the demand for telecommunications traffic growth, WDM technique is widely used in optical communication networks to grant for more information to be shared through the same physical transmission channel. In general, the performance of the system in terms of bit error rate (BER) and system quality factor (Q) is described. The performance of WDM system with MRR filter as the wavelength selector has been studied for the first time in this paper

Comparative Study Of Solution Concentration Variations For Polymer Optical Fibers Sensor

In this paper, we report a comparative study of fiber optic sensors for the application of aqueous solutions concentration monitoring. A simple, economical, and efficient set-up for liquid concentration measurement system was developed using polymer optical fibers (POFs). Cornstarch, sucrose, and salt solutions with different concentrations were tested, and the output power and the refractive index obtained were compared. The sensitivity of the sensor is found ranging from 0.938 μW/ RIU to 96.9 μW/RIU in term of refractive index change and 0.04298 μW/molL-1 to 0.097 μW/molL-1 in terms of concentration. It has been found that the concentration is proportionally related to its refractive index where high refractive index will experience greater loss since the light rays tend to be refracted out of the fiber instead of being internally reflected. The experimental results also show that as the solution’s concentration increases, the output power decreases