Generators for vector bundles on generic hypersurfaces

We prove that on a generic hypersurface in Pm+1 of dimension at least 3, a vector bundle with r ≤ m generators must be split if m is odd. If m is even, then the same is true if the degree of X is at least 3

Is India’s Federal Debt Sustainable? - Revisiting an Old Debate

That India faces a ‘fiscal crisis’ has been a recurrent refrain of the literature on India’s economic reforms. Indeed a central objective of the reforms process, one that has proved elusive so far, is the reduction in the fiscal deficit of the central government. The supposed intractability of the fiscal problem has provided the motivation for the passage of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act in 2003 that commits the government to targets for the fiscal and revenue deficits. We revisit the proposition that India’s debt problem is unsustainable in light of the recently changed outlook for growth and interest rates. Using a decomposition model, we separate out the effects on the fiscal deficit of growth and government behaviour in the past. We find that if recent government behaviour were to continue, the Indian economy would to achieve a growth rate of 6.5 per cent in the coming years, something that seems eminently achievable. Next, positing a nominal growth rate of 11 per cent (or a real growth rate of 6.1 per cent) in the coming years and making suitable assumptions about revenue buoyancy and other receipts, we empirically estimate the growth in primary expenditure that would be permissible. We find that no deceleration in primary expenditure is required if we assume a revenue buoyancy of 1 or above. We compare our optimistic projections with the sombre estimates of the Kelkar Task Force and find that our estimates differ from KTF’s because the KTF report postulates much higher levels of debt than we do. Clearly, we need a consensus on what India’s debt position today is. Nevertheless, our analysis does suggest that assessments of the sustainability of India’s debt have not adequately factored in the changed outlook for growth and interest rates.

High Temperature Calibration of Thermal Imagers for Infrared Measurements on Military Platforms

Calibration of thermal imaging system is not a straight forward process and hence manufacturers suggest re-calibration at factory itself. However, it is time consuming and expensive. A few research papers refer various approaches to perform low temperature calibration considering the wide requirement of low temperature measurements (typically less than 150 °C). However, no reference is available in open literature about high temperature calibration of thermal imagers. Hence, the possibility of high temperature calibration of thermal imaging systems has been explored using high temperature blackbody sources available at laboratory. With the use of neutral density filters, calibration has been performed in mid-wave (3.7 μm - 4.8 μm) and long-wave (7.7 μm - 9.5 μm) bands of imagers for IR measurements. The developed calibration has also been tested for field measurements

Biotransformation of (L)-citronellal to (L)-citronellol by free and immobilized Rhodotorula minuta

This paper reports biotransformation of (L)-citronellal to (L)-citronellol using free and immobilized cells of Rhodotorula minuta . The culture preparation variables such as pH, temperature and incubation period for obtaining maximum cell growth of R. minuta were optimized. The optimized culture conditions for free and immobilized cells of R. minuta. have been compared for (L)-citronellal biotransformation. The various factors such as the optimum substrate concentration and the time of substrate addition at varying cell concentrations during the growth of yeast culture were also studied. Highest (L)-citronellol concentration of 3.5 gl-1 was obtained with free cell catalyzed biotransformation at pH 5.5, 27\ub0C and 150 rpm after 8 hrs using initial (L)-citronellal concentration of 4.47 gl-1. Alginate immobilized R. minuta cells could optimally biotransform similar substrate concentration to 3.3 gl-1 (L)-citronellol at pH 6, 27\ub0C and 150 rpm after 8 hrs. Immobilized cells could be reused twice after the first run and the product concentrations of 2.63 gl-1 and 1.52 gl-1 were obtained during the first and the second reuse