Keefektifan Tiga Jenis Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Kutu Putih Pepaya Paracoccus Marginatus Dan Keamanannya Terhadap Larva Kumbang Predator Curinus Coeruleus

Effectiveness of three botanical insecticides against the papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus and their safety to the predatory Curinus coeruleus larvae. Preparations of Tephrosia vogelii (Tv) leaf extract (0.5% and 1% w/v), Annona squamosa (As) seed extract (0.5% and 1%), and Cinnamomum multiforum (Cm) leaf essential oil (1% and 2%), and their mixtures (Mix-1: Tv 0.25% + As 0.25% + Cm 0.5%; Mix-2: Tv 0.5% + As 0.5% + Cm 1%) were tested for their effectiveness on third-instar nymphs of Paracoccus marginatus by spraying the test materials on undetached papaya leaves and by direct spraying on the test insects using Potter spray tower. Tv extract was also applied on the test insects placed on undetached papaya leaves. The safety test was done by direct spraying of the test materials on the predatory Curinus coeruleus larvae using Potter spray tower. Tv and As extracts at a concentration of 1% each are potential to be used for the control of P. marginatus. Spraying of T. vogelii extract on the test P. marginatus nymphs placed on papaya leaves was more effective than spraying of the test materials on papaya leaves or direct spraying on the test insects only. The treatment with Cm essential oil required twice the concentration of Tv and As extracts to obtain the same level of effectiveness. The treatment with Mix-2 caused lower P. marginatus mortality than the sum of mortality caused by its components applied separately. Nonetheless, the three botanical insecticides and their mixtures were safe to C. coeruleus larvae. On the other hand, although the synthetic insecticide imidacloprid (neonicotinoid), included in the study for comparison, was effective against P. marginatus, it was also toxic to the predatory C. coeruleus larvae so its use should be avoided or limited

Patient safety with reference to the occurrence of adverse events in admitted patients on the basis of incident reporting in a tertiary care hospital in North India

Background: A good quality report should lend itself for detailed analysis of the chain of events that lead to the incident. This knowledge can then be used to consider what interventions, and at what level in the chain, can prevent the incident from occurring again. Aim was to study the occurrence of adverse events on the basis of incident reporting.Methods: Critical analysis of incident reporting of adverse events taking place in admitted patients for one year by using WHO Structured questionnaire on patient safety (RF-1 & RF-2 forms) along with their record review and interview to the concerned staff.Results: 253 incidents of adverse events were reported during the study period of one year. Most common screening criteria being, Patient/family dissatisfaction with care received, documented or expressed during the current (221 incidents i.e. 87.35%), followed by hospital acquired infection/sepsis (29 incidents i.e. 11.46%). 13 incidents (5.13%) were reported for unexpected deaths due to adverse events. 38.9% of reported adverse events studied showed signs of health care team responsible for causing adverse events. 39% of adverse events were found preventable and 61% of adverse event was found non-preventable.Conclusions: Incident reporting of adverse events should be encouraged in all hospitals. 

A comparative study on patient safety with reference to methods of detection of adverse events in a tertiary care hospital in North India

Background:Considerable investments have been made to devise methods to detect actual and potential adverse events in health care in order to address risk and improve patient safety. Objective of the study was to compare the methods of detection of number of adverse events taking place in admitted patients.Method: A prospective study for a period of one year. Three adverse events detection modules were studied, i.e. current record review, Incident reporting and cases discussed in Mortality Meets. A World Health Organization structured questionnaire on patient safety Review form-1 (RF-1) and Review form-2 (RF-2) was used. RF-1 form was used to screen adverse events. Screened positive patients were subjected to RF-2 form to calculate preventability of adverse events. Adverse events as well as preventability were compared to detect the preferred module of detection of errors in care.Results: Current record review was able to detect 15.5% of adverse events with 71.33% preventability. Incident reporting module was able to detect only 0.73% of adverse events with 39% of preventability and mortality meets were able to study only 0.17% of adverse events with 47% of preventability.Conclusion: Current record review was found to be preferred module of detection of adverse events.

Patient safety with special reference to adverse events taking place in the cases discussed in mortality and morbidity meets

Background: There is an increasing belief that an institution’s ability to avoid patient harm will be realized when it creates a culture of safety among its staff members. Aims to study the cases discussed in mortality meets.Methods: Critical analysis of cases discussed in mortality and morbidity meet were done for one year by using WHO Structured questionnaire on patient safety (RF-1 & RF-2 forms) along with their record review and interview to the concerned staff.Results: 62 mortality and morbidity meetings were conducted during the study period of one year. Cardiac/ Respiratory arrest was the most common adverse event studied (67.7%) followed by unexpected death (48.4%). 52.7% of studied adverse events showed signs of healthcare team responsible for causing adverse events, mainly related to the therapeutic care (64.8%). 47% of adverse events were categorized preventable.Conclusions: Mortality and Morbidity Meets should be made mandatory in all hospitals

RESEARCH ARTICLE TRENDS IN CEREAL CROP PRODUCTION IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR INDIA

ABSTRACT Within the spectrum of agricultural geography trends are being studied to find out the changes taking place in a particular period. The present study has been undertaken to study the trends in cereal crops of Jammu and Kashmir state for a period of 2000-2011 and accordingly assessments can be formulated for better agriculture growth and development. Coupled with this possible factors have been taken into consideration for finding out the causes for fluctuating trends in cereal crops. Significance: The study is useful to agronomists, planners, administrators, and social scientists in viewing out priority regions for planning purposes and that way future plans can be designed and implemented accordingly. In so doing balanced growth in agriculture sector can take place which is of course one of the major objectives of going for a research in the field of agricultural geography. Data Base and Methodology: The present study has been carried out in a systematic order. Both primary and secondary data was utilized to find out the results. Data was collected, tabulated and analyzed. To Study trends in cereal crops various statistical methods were applied viz Time series analysis, correlation, Kendal's method, etc .To find out the future trends regression analysis was applied

Happiness in Solow Growth Model

Using annual data from 1961 to 2005 growth rate of gross domestic product at the constant prices of year 2000 is taken in the dependent variable and growth rates of employment level, gross fixed capital formation and lag dependent variable are all the explanatory variables, we obtained total factor productivity by using Cobb Douglas Model. The corresponding time period’s data of three happiness indices – life satisfaction, ecological footprint and life expectancy is taken to determine the effect of happiness indices on total factor productivity. Negative impact of ecological footprint index on TFP is found in Canada, Japan, Norway, Spain, and UK, but is found significant in the cases of Canada, Norway, Spain and UK. Life expectancy is found to be significantly explaining TFP in Netherlands, Norway, Spain, UK and USA. As far as the subjective index of happiness – Life Satisfaction – is concerned the slope coefficient is insignificant in all the cases except the USA. Estimates from pooled regression show that growth rates of ecological footprint index and life expectancy both are significantly explaining TFP, but life satisfaction index is found to be insignificant. Endorsing Loria’s viewpoint there is not only a need to check national income accounts but there is also a need to develop happier societies. Enhancing happiness – the intangible capital – could be helpful in explaining total factor productivity in the neoclassical growth model

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN MOTIVASI, SIKAP DAN KINERJA GURU PRODUKTIF BIDANG KONSTRUKSI DAN PROPERTI PADA SMK NEGERI DI KOTA MAKASSAR

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) motivasi kerja guru produktif bidang konstruksi dan properti pada SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar, (2) sikap kerja guru produktif bidang konstruksi dan properti pada SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar, (3) kinerja guru produktif bidang konstruksi dan properti pada SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar, (4) perbedaan motivasi kerja guru produktif bidang konstruksi dan properti pada SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar, (5) perbedaan sikap kerja guru produktif bidang konstruksi dan properti pada SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar, dan (6) perbedaan kinerja guru produktif bidang konstruksi dan properti pada SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar. Populasi penelitian adalah guru produktif SMK Negeri di Kota Makassar, sampel sebanyak 34 guru ditarik dengan klaster random sampling. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah motivasi kerja guru, sikap kerja dan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial. Model analisis inferensial adalah one way Anova dan uji T. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan; (1) motivasi guru produktif SMK Negeri 2 Makassar, SMK Negeri 5 Makassar, dan SMK Negeri 10 Makassar berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. (2) sikap kerja guru produktif SMK Negeri 2 Makassar, SMK Negeri 5 Makassar, dan SMK Negeri 10 Makassar berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. (3) kinerja guru produktif SMK Negeri 2 Makassar dan SMK Negeri 5 Makassar 2 berada pada kategori tinggi, sedangkan SMK Negeri 10 Makassar berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Hasil analisis inferensial menujukkan: (1) tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata motivasi kerja guru produktif di SMK Negeri di kota Makassar, (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan ratarata sikap kerja guru produktif di SMK Negeri di kota Makassar, dan (3) tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata kinerja guru produktif di SMK Negeri di kota Makassar. Kata Kunci: Motivasi kerja, sikap kerja, kinerja gur

RELEVANSI KOMPETENSI MATA PELAJARAN MENGGAMBAR MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM AUTOCAD DI SMK TERHADAP KEBUTUHAN KOMPETENSI TENAGA DRAFTER PADA JASA KONSTRUKSI DI DUNIA INDUSTRI

Keberadaan SMK dirancang untuk mempersiapkan dan mencetak lulusan yang kompeten dan berkualitas, siap kerja dan bersaing di dunia industri sehingga menjadi tenaga ahli di bidang tertentu, namun terdapat berbagai permasalahan salah satunya dalam proses pengembangan kompetensi, dimana masih kurangnya kompetensi yang dimiliki oleh siswa. Oleh karena itu rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana gambaran syarat kompetensi yang di ajarkan dalam mata pelajaran menggunakan perangkat lunak AutoCad di SMK? (2) Bagaiman gambaran syarat kompetensi yang di dibutuhkan dalam menjadi tenaga drafter di dunia industri? (3) Bagaimana relevansi mata pelajaran menggambar menggunakan program AutoCad di SMK terhadap kebutuhan kompetensi tenaga drafter di dunia industri?Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mendeskripsikan gambaran syarat kompetensi yang di ajarkan dalam mata pelajaran menggunakan perangkat lunak AutoCad di SMK; (2) Mendeskripsikan gambaran syarat kompetensi yang dibutuhkan oleh tenaga drafter di dunia industri; dan (3). Menganalisis relevansi kompetensi penggunaan AutoCad di SMK terhadap kebutuhan tenaga Drafter di Industri. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan memilih salah satu SMK di Makassar yaitu SMKN 10 Makassar meliputi wakil kepala sekolah, ketua program keahlian dan guru teknik bangunan dan Drafter sebagai sampel penelitian di dunia industri berjumlah 30 Drafter. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara terstruktur. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Syarat kompetensi lulusan siswa SMK Negeri 10 Makassar pada teknik bangunan yaitu menguasai standar kompetensi sebagai berikut:(a) Mengelola File dan Folder Pada Sistem Operasi.(b) Menggambar Dasar Dengan Perangkat Lunak AutoCad.(c) Menggambar Lanjut Dengan Perangkat Lunak AutoCad. d) Mengatur Tata Letak Gambar Pada Model Space Dengan Perangkat Lunak.(e) Mencetak Gambar Dengan Perangkat Lunak AutoCad.. (2) Syarat kompetensi Drafter yaitu (a) Mengetahui ilmu teknik dan jenis bahan sesuai bidang pekerjaannya.(b) Menguasai dan mampu menggambar dengan software AutoCad 2D.(c) Menguasai dan mampu menggambar AutoCad 3D untuk data visual. (d) Menguasai software pendukung lainnya untuk memaksimalkan hasil desain, dan Drafter di lokasi mengacu pada Job Description dari tiap perusahaan.(3) Berdasarkan hasil penelitian 35 kompetensi dasar di SMK Negeri 10 Makassar terhadap kebutuhan kompetensi kerja di dunia industri menunjukkan relevansi yang cukup kuat yaitu sebesar 95,23% dan termasuk dalam kategori sangat relevan

Edible mushrooms as potential functional foods in amelioration of hypertension

Edible mushrooms are popular functional foods attributed to their rich nutritional bioactive constituent profile influencing cardiovascular function. Edible mushrooms are omnipresent in various prescribed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Mediterranean diet, and fortified meal plans as they are rich in amino acids, dietary fiber, proteins, sterols, vitamins, and minerals. However, without an understanding of the influence of mushroom bioactive constituents, mechanism of action on heart and allergenicity, it is difficult to fully comprehend the role of mushrooms as dietary interventions in alleviating hypertension and other cardiovascular malfunctions. To accomplish this endeavor, we chose to review edible mushrooms and their bioactive constituents in ameliorating hypertension. Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases are interrelated and if the former is managed by dietary changes, it is postulated that overall heart health could also be improved. With a concise note on different edible varieties of mushrooms, a particular focus is presented on the antihypertensive potential of mushroom bioactive constituents, mode of action, absorption kinetics and bioavailability. Ergosterol, lovastatin, cordycepin, tocopherols, chitosan, ergothioneine, γ‐aminobutyric acid, quercetin, and eritadenine are described as essential bioactives with hypotensive effects. Finally, safety concerns on allergens and limitations of consuming edible mushrooms with special reference to chemical toxins and their postulated metabolites are highlighted. It is opined that the present review will redirect toxicologists to further investigate mushroom bioactives and allergens, thereby influencing dietary interventions for heart health.Universidade de Vigo/CISU