A Reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata) 1. For a New Approach to the Taxonomy of Tylenchina

During the last three decades plant-parasitic nematodes have received increasing attention. This was due mainly to the discovery during the years between 1943-1953 of the first efficient nematicides, DD, EDE and DBCP. This discovery gave a strong impetus to established nematology laboratories and led to the establishment of laboratories in previously virgin, or nearly so, territories. As a result, there was an increase in the number of nematologists and taxonomic activity. This is particularly true in those areas new to nematology, because the soil fauna is virtually unknown and taxonomy is one of the few activities fitting with limited material means, that too often is the situation of young laboratories

A New Species of \u3ci\u3eChronogaster\u3c/i\u3e Cobb, 1913 (Nemata : Plectidae) with an Amended Diagnosis of the Genus and Discussion of Cuticular Ornamentation

Chronoguster spinicorpus n. sp. is described from soil about the roots of coconut palm in Kerala, India. It is distinguished from all other species of Chronogaster by its longitudinal rows of spines. The stability of the genus Chronogaster is discussed with stress on internal anatomy and distribution of cephalic sensillae as generic characteristics. Most external ornamentation is judged to be diagnostic for species only. Description d’une nouvelle espèce de Chronogaster Cobb, 1913 (Nemata : Plectidae), diagnose énzendée du genre et considérations sur l’ornementation cuticulaire Description est donnée de Chronogaster spinicorpus n. sp., venant de sol de rhizosphère de cocotier, au Kerala (Inde). Il se distingue de toutes les autres espèces du genre par la présence de rangées longitudinales d’épines sur le corps. La solidité du genre Chronogaster est discutée en insistant sur l’anatomie interne et la position des sensilles céphaliques en tant que caractères génériques. La plupart des ornementations cuticulaires sont considérées comme caractères de niveau spécifique seulement

\u3ci\u3eEpicharinema keralense\u3c/i\u3e n. gen, n. sp., and Comments on Atylenchinae and Ecphyadophorinae (Nemata : Tylenchidae)

Epicharinema keralense n. gen., n. sp. is described from nematodes collected from soil about the roots of coconut palm in Kerala, India. This genus is related to Ecphyadophora and Ecphyadophoroides but differs from both by virtue of its greater length; larger stylet, spicules and gubernaculum; and its well-developed metacorpus with a prominent valve. E. keralense n. gen., n. sp. also has an elongate, sinuous cleft connected to the amphid which, with the valve in its metacorpus, indicates these belong to the family Tylenchidae. Relationship with Atylenchus and Eutylenchus is also considered and comments on the subfamilies Atylenchinae and Ecphyadophorinae are provided. French language title: Epicharinema lceralense n. gen., n. sp. et commentaires sur les Atylenchinae et les Ecphyadophorinae French language abstract: Les auteurs décrivent Epicharinema keralense n. gen., n. sp., extrait du sol au voisinage des racines de cocotiers, dans l’état de Kerala (Inde). Ce genre est voisin d’Ecphyadophora et Ecphyadophoroides mais en diffère par la plus, grande longueur du corps, du stylet, des spicules et du gubernaculum, ainsi que par un métacorpus bien développé avec une valve proéminente. E. keralense n. gen., n. sp., présente également, connectée à l’amphide, une fente allongée et sinueuse, caractre qui, lié à la présence d’une valve dans le métacorpus, indique son appartenance aux Tylenchidae. Les relations de ce nouveau genre avec Atylenchus et Eutylenchus sont discutées, de même que les caractéristiques des sous-familles Atylenchinae et Ecphyadophorinae