Genotipski odgovor dve sorte soje sa smanjenim sadržajem KTI na primenu različitih količina azota

The aim of this investigation was to estimate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen on the grain yield and nutritive value in two soybean genotypes (Laura and Lana). Studied varieties belong to different maturity groups (Laura is in the group I, while Lana is in the group II) and they both have reduced content of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI). Four treatments of fertilization were tested: 0 kg N ha-1, 30 kg N ha-1, 60 kg N ha-1 and 90 kg N ha-1. Field trials were carried out in dry land farming, at location Putinci, during the years 2008 and 2009. In both research years, variety Lana had higher grain yield and oil content then variety Laura. Method of nitrogen fertilization has been proved as an effective tool for increasing of grain yield and protein content in both varieties. The results of the study showed that application of 90 kg N ha-1 increased the grain yield and protein content of soybean more than application of other treatments (0, 30 and 60 kg N ha- 1). All nitrogen fertilization levels decreased the oil content.Cilj istraživanja bio je da se odredi uticaj različite količine azota na prinos zrna i hranljivu vrednost zrna kod dva genotipa soje (Laura i Lana). Ispitivane sorte soje pripadaju različitim grupama zrenja (Laura - I i Lana - II) i imaju smanjeni sadržaj Kunitz tripsin inhibitora (KTI). Upoređivane su četiri varijante ishrane biljaka azotom: 0 kg N ha-1, 30 kg N ha-1, 60 kg N ha-1 i 90 kg N ha-1. Ogledi su izvedeni u suvom ratarenju, na lokaciji Putinci, tokom 2008. i 2009. godine. U obe godine istraživanja, sorta Lana imala je veći prinos zrna i sadržaj ulja nego sorta Laura. Ishrana azotom pokazala se kao uspešna metoda za poboljšanje prinosa zrna i sadržaja proteina kod obe sorte. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je primena 90 kg N ha-1 povećala prinos zrna soje i sadržaj proteina u zrnu više nego primena drugih tretmana (0, 30 i 60 kg N ha-1). Svi nivoi ishrane azotom smanjili su sadržaj ulja

Odnosi kvantitativnih osobina F3, F4 i F5 hibrida pšenice dobijenih pedigre i bulk selekcijom

Relationships among quantitative traits of wheat were analyzed in parents and their F3, F4 and F5 hybrids. Three female parents (Briscard, Carifen 12 and Rescler) were crossed with two male parents (Francuska and PKB-Prelivka). Same crosses were repeated 4 years, from 1996 to 1999. Hybrids were obtained via pedigree and bulk selection. In year 2000 the field experiments were set up with all parental and hybrid material, at the Institute 'PKB INI Agroekonomik', in Padinska Skela, near Belgrade. Six traits were measured: plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain weight per spike. In parental genotypes, it was found grain mass per spike was in significant and positive correlation with 1000 grain mass and number of grains per spike. As in parents, correlation between grain mass per spike and 1000 grain weight was almost functional in F3, F4 and F5 hybrids. However, correlation between grain mass per spike and number of grains per spike was negative or slight positive in hybrid descendents, what is surprising because it is oppositely to the parents. Similar values of correlation coefficients were found in both applied methods of selection. This fact shows correlations change between generations. Grain mass per spike depends on a 1000 grain mass in both, parental and hybrid generations. Stable relationship between traits could be use for selection of high yielding genotypes.U radu su analizirani odnosi između šest kvantitativnih osobina (visina biljke, dužina klasa, broj klasića po klasu, broj zrna po klasu, masa 1000 zrna i masa zrna po klasu) kod roditelja i hibrida pšenice F3, F4 i F5 generacija dobijenih primenom dva metoda selekcije (pedigre i bulk). Hibridi pšenice dobijeni su ukrštanjem pet sorti, po M x N metodu. Tri sorte su korišćene kao majke (Briscard, Carifen 12 i Rescler), a dve kao očevi (Francuska i PKB-Prelivka). Od šest F1 hibrida (3x2) proizvedena su potomstva F2 generacije. Selekcija iz F2 generacije trajala je od 1996. do 1999., a u 2000. godini postavljeni su poljski ogledi sa celokupnim materijalom u Institutu 'PKB INI Agroekonomik' u Padinskoj Skeli. Vrednosti koeficijenata korelacije bile su slične kod potomstva F3, F4 i F5 generacije pri oba metoda selekcije. Najjača korelacija bila je između mase zrna po klasu i mase 1000 zrna

Prinos kukuruza različitih FAO grupa zrenja u funkciji padavina tokom ASI perioda

The aim of this investigation was to estimate the effects of total yearly rainfall and total rainfall during anthesis - silking inteval (ASI) on the grain yield and grain moisture in nine hybrids maize. Studied hybrids belong to different maturity groups FAO 400 (ZP 42 A, ZP 434, ZP 480), FAO 500 (ZP 570, ZP 580, ZP 599) and FAO 600 (ZP 677, ZP 680, ZP 684). Field trails were carried out in dry land farming, at location Bjeljina, during the years 2002 and 2003. Two years differed significantly in amount and distribution of precipitation. In 2003, average grain yield for hybrids, was significantly higher then in 2002 because of better distribution of precipitation and higher amount of precipitation during ASI. In both research years, hybrids within maturity group FAO 600 produced higher grain yield (10.792 kg ha-1) then hybrids within maturity group FAO 500 (9.545 kg ha-1) and FAO 400 (8.725 kg ha-1). It was concluded that the total amount of rainfall is not as significant for grain yield of maize, as the amount of rainfall during the ASI.Cilj istraživanja bio je da se odredi uticaj ukupne količine padavina i količine padavina tokom perioda metličenje - svilanje (ASI) na prinos suvog zrna i sadržaj vlage u zrnu kod devet hibrida kukuruza. Hibridi su pripadali grupama zrenja FAO 400 (ZP 42 A, ZP 434, ZP 480), FAO 500 (ZP 570, ZP 580, ZP 599) i FAO 600 (ZP 677, ZP 680, ZP 684). Ogledi su izvedeni u suvom ratarenju, na lokaciji Bjeljina, tokom 2002. i 2003. godine. Godine ispitivanja razlikovale su se značajno po količini i rasporedu padavina. Prinos zrna kukuruza, u proseku za hibride, u 2003. godini bio je značajno veći nego u 2002. zbog povoljnijeg rasporeda padavina, odnosno veće količine padavina tokom ASI. U obe godine istraživanja, hibridi FAO 600 grupe zrenja obrazovali su veće prinose zrna (10.792 kg ha-1) nego hibridi FAO 500 (9.545 kg ha-1) i FAO 400 (8.725 kg ha-1) grupe zrenja. Zaključeno je da ukupna količina padavina nije toliko značajna za prinos zrna kukuruza, koliko količina padavina tokom ASI

Uticaj folijarne ishrane u stresnim uslovima na dva hibrida kukuruza različitih FAO grupa zrenja

The aim of the present study was to estimate the effects of the foliar application of fertilisers under stress conditions on the grain yield in two hybrids maize (ZP 580 and ZP 735). Studied hybrids belong to different maturity groups (ZP 580 - FAO 500 and ZP 735 - FAO 700). Both hybrids belong to a stay-green type and they can also serve as silage. Two foliar fertilisers were applied in experiment (Humikal univerzal and Ferticare I). Field trails were carried out under rainfed conditions at the location of Surduk during 2002 and 2003. The method of foliar application of fertilisers proved as an efficient tool for increasing the grain yield in both hybrids. However, Ferticare I is more effective than Humikal univerzal in maize. The hybrid ZP 735 was more productive in more favourable year (2002), while the hybrid ZP 580, with a shorter growing season, produced a higher grain yield in more arid year (2003). It was also observed that the foliar application of fertilisers contributed to the grain yield stability in the genotype ZP 580. .Cilj istraživanja bio je da se odredi uticaj folijarne ishrane u stresnim uslovima na prinos zrna dva hibrida kukuruza (ZP 580 i ZP 735). Ispitivani hibridi pripadaju različitim grupama zrenja (ZP 580 - FAO 500 i ZP 735 - FAO 700). Hibridi su stay-green tipa, te su pogodni i za spremanje visokokvalitetne silaže. Za tretiranje su korišćena dva folijarna hraniva (humikal univerzal i ferticare I). Ogled je izveden u uslovima prirodnog vodnog režima, na lokaciji Surduk, tokom 2002. i 2003. godine. Folijarna ishrana pokazala se kao uspešan metod za poboljšanje prinosa zrna kod oba hibrida kukuruza u obe godine istraživanja. Viši prinosi postignuti su primenom ferticare I nego primenom humikal univerzala. Hibrid ZP 735 ispoljio je veću produktivnost u povoljnijoj 2002. godini, dok je hibrid ZP 580, sa kraćim vegetacionim periodom, obrazovao viši prinos zrna u sušnoj 2003. godini. Folijarna ishrana doprinela je stabilnosti prinosa zrna hibrida ZP 580.

Komparativne vrednosti osobina pšenice kod individualnih biljaka i biljaka u usevu

The aim of this study was to compare the average values of quantitative traits of wheat varieties in individual plants and in plants within crop (550 plants / m2). Field experiments were set up in Banja Luka during the season 2007/08, with eight wheat varieties: Oganj, Kristina, Nonijus, Stojanka, Mihelka, NS 565, Tina, and Grand. The follow traits were analyzed: plants height, spike length, spike mass, grain mass/spike, grain number/spike and grain yield. The highest grain yield had variety NS 565 (6.920 kg/ha), while the lowest grain yield had variety Tina (5.411 kg/ha). It was surprising that the lowest values for traits grain mass/spike and grain number/spike were found in individual plants of variety NS 565, which formed the highest grain yield. From the other side, high value for number of grains per spike was observed in individual plants of variety Tina, which formed the lowest grain yield. For wheat breeders, these results indicate that individual plants with the low values of grain mass/spike and grain number/spike could give high grain yield in later generations, and oppositely, i.e. key factor for high yield is the number of spikes per hectar.Cilj ovih istraživanja bio je da se uporede prosečne vrednosti kvantitativnih osobina sorti pšenice kod individualnih biljaka i kod biljaka u usevu (550 biljaka/m2). Postavljeni su poljski ogledi u Banja Luci tokom 2007/08 godine sa osam sorti pšenice: Oganj, Kristina, Nonijus, Stojanka, Mihelka, NS 565, Tina i Grand. Analizirane su sledeće osobine: visina biljaka, dužina klasa, masa klasa, masa zrna po klasu, broj zrna po klasu i prinos zrna. Najveći prinos zrna u usevu imala je sorta NS 565 (6.920 kg/ha), a najmanji Tina (5.411 kg/ha). Iznenađujuće je da su najmanje vrednosti za osobine masa zrna po klasu i broj zrna po klasu imale individualne biljke sorte NS 565, koja je imala najveći prinos zrna. S druge strane, sorta Tina je imala visoke vrednosti za broj zrna po klasu kod individualnih biljaka, iako je obrazovala najmanji prinos zrna. Ovi rezultati ukazuju selekcionarima pšenice da individualne biljke sa malom masom zrna po klasu i malim brojem zrna po klasu mogu imati visok prinos zrna u usevu i obrnuto, odnosno da je ključni parametar za visok prinos broj klasova po hektaru

Uticaj folijarnog prihranjivanja u stresnim uslovima na dve sorte soje različitih grupa zrenja

The aim of investigation was to estimate the effects of foliar feeding under stress conditions on the grain yield in two soybean varieties (Laura and Lana). Studied varieties belong to different maturity groups (Laura is within the group I, while Lana is within the group II) and they both have reduced content of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI). Two foliar fertilizers were applied in experiment: Humikal univerzal i Ferticare I. Field trails were carried out in dry land farming, at location Surduk, during years 2002 and 2003. Method of foliar feeding has been proved as an effective tool for increasing of grain yield in both varieties. Variety Lana was more productive in more favorable year 2002. Variety Laura, with shorter vegetation period, produced higher grain yield then variety Lana, in more arid year 2003. It was also observed that foliar fertilization contributed to grain yield stability in variety Laura.Cilj istraživanja bio je da se odredi uticaj folijarne prihrane u stresnim uslovima na prinos zrna dve sorte soje (Laura i Lana). Ispitivane sorte soje pripadaju različitim grupama zrenja (Laura - I i Lana - II) i imaju smanjeni sadržaj Kunitz tripsin inhibitora (KTI). Za tretiranje su korišćena dva folijarna hraniva (Humikal univerzal i Ferticare I). Ogled je izveden u suvom ratarenju, na lokaciji Surduk, tokom 2002. i 2003. godine. Folijarna prihrana pokazala se kao uspešan metod za poboljšanje prinosa zrna kod obe sorte u obe godine. Sorta Lana ispoljila je veću produktivnost u povoljnijoj 2002. godini. Sorta Laura, sa kraćim periodom vegetacije, obrazovala je veći prinos zrna nego sorta Lana u sušnoj 2003. godini. Folijarna prihrana doprinela je stabilnosti prinosa zrna sorte Laura

Odnosi kvantitativnih osobina F1 hibridnih sejanaca i klonova krompira

Correlations among six quantitative traits (leaf number per plant, single leaf area, total leaf area of plant, chlorophyll content in leaves, tuber yield per plant and harvest index) were analyzed in F1 hybrid seedlings and clones of potato. Investigations were conducted in contemporary net house of Potato Research Center at Guča. The population of 150 genotypes was obtained after crossing of two Dutch varieties (Cosmos and Van Gogh). According to results, tuber yield was strongly correlated with total leaf area and harvest index in both, F1 seedlings and clones. Within population of seedlings and within population of clones correlation coefficients among all studied traits were highly similar. Early selection of superior hybrid seedlings presents useful tool in potato breeding.U radu su analizirani odnosi između šest kvantitativnih osobina (broj listova po biljci, prosečna površina lista, ukupna površina listova biljke, prosečan sadržaj hlorofila u lisnom tkivu, prinos krtola po biljci i žetveni indeks) kod F1 hibridnih sejanaca i klonova krompira. Ispitivanja su obavljena u savremenom mrežarniku Centra za krompir u Guči. Kao materijal za istraživanje korišćena je populacija od 150 genotipova dobijenih ukrštanjem dve holandske sorte: Cosmos i Van Gogh. Utvrđeno je da se prinos krtola F1 sejanaca i klonova krompira nalazi u najjačoj korelativnoj vezi sa ukupnom površinom listova i žetvenim indeksom. Koeficijenti korelacije između osobina unutar populacije sejanaca i unutar populacije njihovih klonova nisu se bitnije razlikovali. Zaključeno je da selekciju superiornih genotipova treba započeti u populaciji sejanaca krompira

Genotype and Year Effect on Grain Yield and Nutritive Values of Maize (Zea mays L.)

The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of genotype and year on the dry matter yield, grain yield and nutritive value in six maize genotypes (ZP 434, NS 444, ZP 684, NS 6010, ZP 735 and Dunav). Studied genotypes belong to different maturity groups FAO 400 (ZP 434, NS 444 ultra), FAO 600 (ZP 684, NS 6010) and FAO 700 (ZP 735, Dunav). The field experiments were carried out in dry land farming in the region of Southwest Vojvodina province (Serbia), during the years 2006 and 2007. Genotype had significant effect on the Dry Matter Yield (DMY), Grain Yield (GY), Grain Starch Content (GSC), Grain Protein Content (GPC), Starch Yield (SY) and Protein Yield (PY). The genotype NS 6010 among the 6 genotypes had the highest DMY (24.0 ton ha(-1)), GY (12695 kg ha(-1)), SY (8951.8 kg ha(-1)) and PY (1225.9 kg hawe(-1)). Genotype NS 444 ultra statistically had the lowest DMY (17.8 ton ha(-1)), GPC (9.29%) and PY (925.0 kg ha(-1)). Also, the year have a significant effect on the all studied traits. Two years differed significantly in distribution of precipitation. In 2006, averages for genotypes, DMY, GY, GSC, GPC, SY and PY were significantly higher then in 2007 because of higher amount and distribution of precipitation, especially during the summer months of June to August. The GPC decreased with increasing GSC and GY

Efekat mineralne ishrane na prinos zrna linija soje smanjenog sadržaja Kunitz Tripsin Inhibitora

Two soybean lines L 94-128 (maturity group I) and L 91-4042 (maturity group II) with reduced content of KTI, selected at Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje" were investigated in this work. The aim of investigation was to establish the most effective mineral nutrition system for increasing grain yield in studied soybean lines. Combination of three fertilizers was tested: start fertilizer "Power 5" incorporated in soil during the sowing, and two foliar fertilizers "Humikal universal" and "Ferticare I" applied during the vegetation period of soybean. Results has shown that soybean line L 91-4042 produce higher yield than line L 94- 128. Both foliar fertilizers effected the increasing of grain yield in studied lines. However, "Ferticare I" is more effective than "Humikal universal" in soybean with reduced content of KTI. .Za istraživanje uzete su dve linije soje, L 94-128 (I grupa zrenja) i L 91-4042 (II grupa zrenja) smanjenog sadržaja Kunitz tripsin inhibitora (KTI), selekcionisane u Institutu za kukuruz "Zemun Polje". Za cilj istraživanja postavljeno je da se iznađe pravilan sistem mineralne ishrane, koji najpovoljnije utiče na povećanje prinosa zrna ovih linija soje. U radu je proučavan uticaj startnog mineralnog hraniva (Power 5) i dva folijarna hraniva (Humikal univerzal i Ferticare I). Utvrđeno je da je prinos zrna linije L 91-4042 veći nego linije L 94-128. Folijarna prihrana pokazala se kao uspešan metod jer je značajno povećala prinos zrna soje u odnosu na kontrolu. Viši prinosi postignuti su primenom Ferticare I nego primenom Humikal univerzal-a.