Representación gráfica de la cultura andina

El presente estudio pretende representar gráficamente la cultura andina más allá de lo estético, usando como recursos los principales signos visuales implícitos en la gráfica heredada de las sociedades precolombinas, especialmente de la andina para lograr su aproximación en la gráfica actual.  Bajo este concepto, se realizó un análisis del pensamiento andino para entender el simbolismo y por lo tanto su relación con el contexto social. La composición, donde se comprueba el uso del sistema proporcional andino, estructuras compositivas y elementos esquemáticos, los mismos que serán usados como recursos en la creación de las nuevas representaciones. Finalmente, la estética, en donde se revela la concepción de la forma, que se usará como elemento gráfico- plástico determinante en la construcción de la gráfica.  Al integrar estos elementos se logró representar través de ilustraciones varios signos de la cultura andina, logrando un mimetismo entre el presente y el pasado. Se estima que los resultados del análisis gráfico de las piezas creadas para esta investigación, pueden constituir fuente útil para diseñadores, ilustradores y artistas gráficos, incluyendo la posibilidad de servir como base de futuras propuestas gráficas que amplíen esta investigación

Higher education trough flipped classroom: a review of recent literature

Un enfoque innovador de aprendizaje en el nivel de educación superior es sin duda el aula invertida, la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías en el campo educativo está ayudando a las educaciones con ventajas reales en esta era digital que involucra a los estudiantes y tutores en el aprendizaje invertido en el aula. El presente estudio evalúa una revisión eficiente de la bibliografía en el aula invertida, con el objetivo de ventajas con sus desafíos que enfrentan dos actores principales; Estudiantes universitarios y profesores. El efecto del modelo invertido y su mejora en la educación superior se lleva a cabo en interés de su funcionamiento en varios campos académicos. Se discuten las ventajas e intereses del modelo invertido en la enseñanza de contenidos que rompen el modelo tradicional con el acceso y la aplicación de herramientas tecnológicas en el contexto académico. La investigación concluye con una sugerencia basada en la influencia de la tecnología como un recurso de adquisición de aprendizaje y la evidencia de mejora en la vida académica del alumno con el desempeño y la práctica del enfoque de modelo invertido.An innovative approach of learning in higher education level is certainly flipped classroom, the application of new technology in the educational field is helping educations with real advantages in this digital era that engages learners and tutors in flipped classroom learning. The present study assesses an efficient revision of the bibliography on the flipped classroom, with the aims of advantages with its challenges that face two main actors; university learners and professors. The effect of the flipped model and its improvement to higher education is conducted on the interest of its operation in several academic fields. It is discussed the advantages and interests of the flipped model in teaching contents breaking the traditional model with the access and application of technological tools in the academic context. The research concludes with a suggestion based on the influence of technology as a resource of learning acquisition and the evidence of improvement in learner’s academic lives with the performance and practice of the flipped model approach

Illustration of the legends of the city Riobamba, as a strategy for strengthening the cultural identity in the child population.

Introducción La presente investigación corresponde a la tercera fase del proyecto de investigación “Ilustración de leyendas riobambeñas como estrategia para el fortalecimiento de la identidad en la población infantil del cantón Riobamba.”, Objetivo la cual tiene como objetivo, el desarrollo de ilustraciones de las leyendas de la ciudad de Riobamba. Metodología Para ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación general a partir de la cual se estableció el contexto histórico, social y cultural de cada leyenda. Posterior a esto, se realizó un estudio minucioso de cada leyenda que consistió en una investigación en la cual se indagó en varias fuentes información: una investigación bibliográfica en la cual se obtuvo distintas versiones de las leyendas de varios autores; una investigación de campo en la que se realizaron visitas a los entornos donde se cree se llevaron a cabo los sucesos; también, se realizaron entrevistas a ciudadanos oriundos de los lugares, y a historiadores expertos de la ciudad quienes aportaron datos precisos y detallados. Toda esta información fue registrada en fichas técnicas, este proceso se replicó en cada una de las leyendas. Resultados Una vez se obtuvo el material, se procedió a la creación de las ilustraciones, empezando por la lectura y entendimiento de la leyenda, posteriormente, la fragmentación de la historia para establecer la narrativa visual y la elección de los elementos narrativos adecuados para contar la historia y finalmente el desarrollo de las ilustraciones aplicando técnicas de ilustración digital. Como resultado se obtuvieron 6 leyendas ilustradas.Introduction This research corresponds to the third phase of the research project "Illustration of Riobamba legends as a strategy for strengthening identity in the child population of the Riobamba canton.", Objective Which objective to develop illustrations of the legends of the city ​​of Riobamba. For this, a general investigation was carried out which the historical, social and cultural context of each legend was established. Methodology After this, a detailed study of each legend was carried out, which consisted of an investigation in which information was investigated in various sources: a bibliographic investigation in which different versions of the legends of various authors were obtained; a field investigation in which visits were made to the environments where the events are believed to have taken place; Also, interviews were conducted with citizens from the places, and with expert historians of the city who provided precise and detailed data. All information was recorded in technical files, this process was replicated in each of the legends. Results Once the material was obtained, the illustrations were created, starting with the reading and understanding of the legend, later, the fragmentation of the story to establish the visual narrative and the choice of the appropriate narrative elements to tell the story and finally the development of illustrations applying digital illustration techniques. As a result, 6 illustrated legends were obtained

Representación gráfica de la cultura andina

El presente estudio pretende representar gráficamente la cultura andina más allá de lo estético, usando como recursos los principales signos visuales implícitos en la gráfica heredada de las sociedades precolombinas, especialmente de la andina para lograr su aproximación en la gráfica actual.  Bajo este concepto, se realizó un análisis del pensamiento andino para entender el simbolismo y por lo tanto su relación con el contexto social. La composición, donde se comprueba el uso del sistema proporcional andino, estructuras compositivas y elementos esquemáticos, los mismos que serán usados como recursos en la creación de las nuevas representaciones. Finalmente, la estética, en donde se revela la concepción de la forma, que se usará como elemento gráfico- plástico determinante en la construcción de la gráfica.  Al integrar estos elementos se logró representar través de ilustraciones varios signos de la cultura andina, logrando un mimetismo entre el presente y el pasado. Se estima que los resultados del análisis gráfico de las piezas creadas para esta investigación, pueden constituir fuente útil para diseñadores, ilustradores y artistas gráficos, incluyendo la posibilidad de servir como base de futuras propuestas gráficas que amplíen esta investigación

Sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory factors on admission associated with COVID19 mortality in hospitalized patients: A retrospective observational study

Background To identify and quantify associations between baseline characteristics on hospital admission and mortality in patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary hospital in Spain. Methods and findings This retrospective case series included 238 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at Hospital Universitario Clı´nico San Cecilio (Granada, Spain) who were discharged or who died. Electronic medical records were reviewed to obtain information on sex, age, personal antecedents, clinical features, findings on physical examination, and laboratory results for each patient. Associations between mortality and baseline characteristics were estimated as hazard ratios (HR) calculated with Cox regression models. Series mortality was 25.6%. Among patients with dependence for basic activities of daily living, 78.7% died, and among patients residing in retirement homes, 80.8% died. The variables most clearly associated with a greater hazard of death were age (3% HR increase per 1-year increase in age; 95%CI 1–6), diabetes mellitus (HR 2.42, 95%CI 1.43–4.09), SatO2/ FiO2 ratio (43% HR reduction per 1-point increase; 95%CI 23–57), SOFA score (19% HR increase per 1-point increase, 95%CI 5–34) and CURB-65 score (76% HR increase per 1- point increase, 95%CI 23–143). Conclusions The patients residing in retirement homes showed great vulnerability. The main baseline factors that were independently associated with mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were older age, diabetes mellitus, low SatO2/FiO2 ratio, and high SOFA and CURB-65 scores.Fondos Estructurales de la Union Europea (FEDER)Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), University of Granad

Study protocol of psychometric properties of the Spanish translation of a competence test in evidence based practice: The Fresno test

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There are few high-quality instruments for evaluating the effectiveness of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) curricula with objective outcomes measures. The Fresno test is an instrument that evaluates most of EBP steps with a high reliability and validity in the English original version. The present study has the aims to translate the Fresno questionnaire into Spanish and its subsequent validation to ensure the equivalence of the Spanish version against the English original.</p> <p>Methods and design</p> <p>The questionnaire will be translated with the back translation technique and tested in Primary Care Teaching Units in Catalonia (PCTU). Participants will be: (a) tutors of Family Medicine residents (expert group); (b) Family Medicine residents in their second year of the Family Medicine training program (novice group), and (c) Family Medicine physicians (intermediate group). The questionnaire will be administered before and after an educational intervention. The educational intervention will be an interactive four half-day sessions designed to develop the knowledge and skills required to EBP. Responsiveness statistics used in the analysis will be the effect size, the standardised response mean and Guyatt's method. For internal consistency reliability, two measures will be used: corrected item-total correlations and Cronbach's alpha. Inter-rater reliability will be tested using Kappa coefficient for qualitative items and intra-class correlation coefficient for quantitative items and the overall score. Construct validity, item difficulty, item discrimination and feasibility will be determined.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The validation of the Fresno questionnaire into different languages will enable the expansion of the questionnaire, as well as allowing comparison between countries and the evaluation of different teaching models.</p

Soy Niña

Este libro pretende contribuir al reencuentro de la educación con esas finalidades que verdaderamente importan a una niña o un niño: ser feliz, jugar, vivir juntos y (no) aprender. Para ello hemos puesto el arte, nuestras experiencias y el saber acumulado al servicio del disfrute, el cuestionamiento, el análisis crítico y la construcción común de un presente deseable. Un texto colaborativo coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros y realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

¿Qué queda de mí?

Este libro es una reclamación a quienes hemos sido, somos o seremos docentes. A quienes no hemos respetado a las personas que se han puesto junto a nosotros y nosotras, confiando su bien más preciado: la libertad. Estas páginas denuncian cada vez que convertimos una visión en la visión, una emoción en la emoción, un saber en el saber, un comportamiento en el comportamiento. Es un grito contra la imposición, la normalización, la neutralización y la universalización de una perspectiva particular. Una pugna contra cada proceso que no se ha conectado con las vidas de los aprendices. Un texto colaborativo realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga y coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros