Biomass size-spectra of macrobenthic assemblages along water depth in Antarctica

Several biomass size spectra of benthic assemblages were constructed along a water depth gradient on the southern coast of Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). The size-spectrum for shallow bottoms (200 m) zones showed unimodal spectra with biomass peaks in the 1-2 and 0.5-1 g weight ranges respectively. Filter-feeders also affected the larger size classes at intermediate depths, whereas they were almost absent in deeper waters. The slope of the normalized size-spectrum at shallower bottoms (-0.76) was different from those of intermediate (-1.25) and deeper (-1.31) zones. This clearly indicated 2 contrasting faunal strategies: a biomass increase with size in shallow waters, whereas the biomass decreased with size in deep waters. Estimates of total secondary production were calculated using allometric equations published in the literature. Results indicated a decrease of total secondary production along water depth, with 15 g C m-2 yr-1 in shallow waters, 9 g C m-2 yr-1 at intermediate bottoms and 8 g C m-2 yr-1 at deep bottoms. The pattern of the biomass size spectrum for shallower waters suggested that there was a predictable and regular supply of food, which allowed accumulation of biomass in the larger size classes corresponding to filter-feeder organisms. Conversely, the concentration of biomass in smaller size classes of the spectra for intermediate and deeper waters pointed to more unpredictable and fluctuating food conditions arriving from the overlying layer to the deeper sea floor. Sufficient evidence exists in the literature to indicate that a tight pelagic-benthic coupling was causing biological enhancement of a suspension-feeding macrofauna at shallow bottoms, and that below 100 m depth the effects of the coupling were rather weak.Versión del editor2,483

Comportamiento reproductivo del ganado Holstein en tres zonas colombianas.

Ganado de leche-Ganadería lecheMaestría en CienciasMaestrí

Skin and Non-Solid Cancer Incidence in Interventional Radiology using Biological and Physical Dosimetry Methods

Non

Evaluación reproductiva en bovinos.

El aumento de la producción en las explotaciones ganaderas requiere de la maximización de la eficiencia reproductiva. Los avances en el conocimiento de los diferentes aspectos de la biología animal, permiten obtener modificaciones en los ritmos de los ciclos reproductivos para lograr mayores beneficios. La sincronización de los ciclos estrales, ofrece ventajas en la producción animal. Su aplicación correcta requiere del conocimiento de las bases fisiológicas y endocrinológicas. En este trabajo se analizaron los factores que determinan la eficiencia reproductiva (formación de gametos, ovolación, fecundación, gestación, parto), los parámetros para medir la actividad reproductiva (días abiertos, intervalo entre partos, número de servicios por concepción, tasa de no retorno, tasa de natalidad, índice de fertilidad), los factores que modifican la fertilidad en el ganado (genéticos, anomalías anatómicas, alteraciones endocrinas, ambientales), las enfermedades más comunes que afectan la actividad reproductiva (brucelosis, vibriosis, leptospirosis, trichomoniasis, complejo viral) y la sincronización del ciclo estralGanado de leche-Ganadería lech

CERVANTES: A Model-Based Approach for Service-Oriented Systems Development

Context: The benefits of the Model-Driven Software Engineering application for Service-Oriented Computing. Objective: This paper proposes a Model-Based approach for Service-Oriented Systems Development. Method: Following the Model-Driven Reverse Engineering process, from the models discovery, to the generation of the current Model-Based Approach for Service-Oriented Systems Development. Results: The CERVANTES metamodel is presented and compared to other initiatives. Conclusions: This study shows how Model-Driven Engineering can be used to develop Service- Oriented Systems in practice.Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo TSI-020302-2010-80Junta de Andalucía TIC-5789Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2013-46928-C3-3-

Ictiofauna Dos Enclaves De Floresta úmida Nos Planaltos Da Ibiapaba E Do Araripe, Nordeste Do Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Humid highland forest enclaves are remnants of Atlantic Forest found in tablelands within the Caatinga biome (Northeastern Brazil), which emerged during interglacial periods in the Pleistocene. These ecosystems have a highly diverse and endemic fish fauna. Most earlier surveys have focused on the tableland of Borborema (Pernambuco and Paraíba States). In this study we surveyed the fish fauna of the humid forest enclaves in the tablelands of Ibiapaba and Araripe, based on samples collected in the rainy season (March and April) between 2009 and 2014. The 45 sampling points covered rivers, streams and reservoirs in five river basins belonging to three ecoregions. The species were listed according to drainage divide, and endemism was determined for each ecoregion and for the Caatinga. Our area was more species-rich (n=59) than Borborema (n=27). The samples included five introduced species and 29 species endemic to the Caatinga (49.1% of the sampled species). The distribution of Parotocinclus haroldoi was expanded to the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion (Timonha river basin, Ceará State). Our study intends to make a significant contribution to current knowledge of the ichthyofauna in humid highland forest enclaves of semiarid Northeastern Brazil, identified as a priority in the conservation of the biodiversity in the Caatinga. © 2016, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP. All rights reserved.164457463/2012-0, CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico552009/2011-3, CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico552086/2011-8, CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

The effects of a high-protein, high-calorie, fiber- and fructo-oligosaccharide-enriched enteral formula on nutritional status, bowel habits and tolerance: Safety and effectiveness of enteral nutrition in elderly spanish patients (Sens study)

Background: Enteral nutrition (EN) is an effective nutritional intervention for patients at risk of malnutrition or malnourished. However, complications such as gastrointestinal intolerance, hyperglycemia or refeeding syndrome can be triggered by EN. Aim: To investigate the effects of a tube feeding formula (TFF) on patients’ nutritional status, biochemical status, bowel habits and safety. Methodology: Observational, prospective and multicenter study. Patients = 18 years, undernourished or at nutritional risk, who were prescribed a high-calorie, high-protein, fiber-fortified TFF were included. Patients were evaluated over a period of eight weeks (baseline [V1], four weeks [V2] and eight weeks [V3]). Results: A statistically significant increase in weight (1.5 kg), body mass index (0.6 kg/m2) and nutritional intake (59.7 kcal/day) was observed between V1 and V2. Between V1 and V3, there was a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of individuals with abnormal biochemical markers for glucose, potassium, total protein and albumin. The number of patients’ bowel movements remained stable throughout the study with a mean of 1.1 daily bowel movements. Conclusion: The TFF was safe and well tolerated, improving patients’ nutritional status without altering patients’ bowel habits. Introducción: la nutrición enteral es una intervención efectiva para pacientes desnutridos o en riesgo de sufrir desnutrición. Sin embargo, puede desencadenar complicaciones como intolerancia gastrointestinal, hiperglicemia o síndrome de realimentación. Objetivo: investigar los efectos de una fórmula de nutrición enteral por sonda en el estado nutricional y bioquímico, hábitos gastrointestinales y seguridad de los pacientes. Metodología: estudio observacional, prospectivo y multicéntrico. Se incluyeron pacientes = 18 años, desnutridos o en riesgo de desnutrición, tributarios de recibir una fórmula de nutrición enteral hipercalórica, hiperproteica, y rica en fibra y fructooligosacáridos. Los pacientes fueron evaluados durante 8 semanas en 3 visitas (V1, inicial; V2, 4 semanas; V3, 8 semanas). Resultados: entre V1 y V2 se observó un incremento estadísticamente significativo en peso (1, 5 kg), índice de masa corporal (0, 6 kg/m2) e ingesta calórica (59, 7 kcal/día). Entre V1 y V3, existió un descenso en el porcentaje de pacientes con valores anormales de glucosa, potasio, proteína total y albúmina. Los hábitos intestinales se mantuvieron estables durante el estudio (1, 1 deposiciones diarias de media). Conclusión: la fórmula fue segura, tolerada, y mejoró el estado nutricional del paciente sin alterar los hábitos intestinales

Two-step ATP-driven opening of cohesin head

The cohesin ring is a protein complex composed of four core subunits: Smc1A, Smc3, Rad21 and Stag1/2. It is involved in chromosome segregation, DNA repair, chromatin organization and transcription regulation. Opening of the ring occurs at the "head" structure, formed of the ATPase domains of Smc1A and Smc3 and Rad21. We investigate the mechanisms of the cohesin ring opening using techniques of free molecular dynamics (MD), steered MD and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics MD (QM/MM MD). The study allows the thorough analysis of the opening events at the atomic scale: I) ATP hydrolysis at the Smc1A site, evaluating the role of the carboxy-terminal domain of Rad21 in the process; ii) the activation of the Smc3 site potentially mediated by the movement of specific amino acids; and iii) opening of the head domains after the two ATP hydrolysis events. Our study suggests that the cohesin ring opening is triggered by a sequential activation of the ATP sites in which ATP hydrolysis at the Smc1A site induces ATPase activity at the Smc3 site. Our analysis also provides an explanation for the effect of pathogenic variants related to cohesinopathies and cancer

Deconstructing Decoherence

The study of environmentally induced superselection and of the process of decoherence was originally motivated by the search for the emergence of classical behavior out of the quantum substrate, in the macroscopic limit. This limit, and other simplifying assumptions, have allowed the derivation of several simple results characterizing the onset of environmentally induced superselection; but these results are increasingly often regarded as a complete phenomenological characterization of decoherence in any regime. This is not necessarily the case: The examples presented in this paper counteract this impression by violating several of the simple ``rules of thumb''. This is relevant because decoherence is now beginning to be tested experimentally, and one may anticipate that, in at least some of the proposed applications (e.g., quantum computers), only the basic principle of ``monitoring by the environment'' will survive. The phenomenology of decoherence may turn out to be significantly different.Comment: 13 two-column pages, 3 embedded figure