Blast Diffusion by Different Shapes of Domes

Domes have been used since ancient times in constructions. These are effective structures in supporting loads for large span. Dome has an added advantage of having good looking in structural applications. Many shapes of domes are being used nowadays for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes. Specific purpose domes are also used for nuclear containment. Main threats to structures are from the bomb blast. Hence, domes too are to be designed to withstand effectively the pressure energy generated by the blast. A comparative theoretical study is proposed on the different shapes of domes having same weight and thickness. Various responses are estimated through numerical method after simulating blast and comparing their intensities.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 65, No. 1, January 2015, pp.77-82, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.690

The scientific evaluation of Rasnadashamula Kwatha in the management of Amavata w.s.r. to Rheumatoid arthritis: A Review Article

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory arthritis in women and hence an important cause of potentially preventable disability. Many of the clinical features and management strategies in RA are relevant across the spectrum of inflammatory joint disease. The typical clinical phenotype of RA is a Symmetrical, deforming, small and large joint polyarthritis, often associated with systemic disturbance and extraarticular disease. The clinical course is usually life-long, with intermittent exacerbations and remissions and highly variable severity. In Ayurveda, ‘Amavata’ was mentioned for the first time by Acharya Madhavakara has a special disease entity in which both ‘Ama’ as well as ‘Vata’ play a predominant role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Aim: The Article is written with the aim to analyze the of mode of action of the ingredients of Rasnadashamula Kwatha and explore its importance in relieving the symptoms of Amavata w.s.r. to Rheumatoid arthritis. Methodology: Rasnadashamula Kwatha is described in Amavata Rogadhikara in Chakradatta . Various peer reviewed articles, Ayurvedic classical textbooks, Modern Rheumatological textbooks as well as the online databases were analyzed under the relevant key words in understanding the importance of the above-mentioned formulation in treating the symptoms of Amavata w.s.r. to Rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: It can be concluded through literary review that Rasnadashamula Kwatha is efficient in relieving the symptoms of Amavata but to establish the final conclusion clinical trial of this drug should be conducted so that this drug can be used for therapeutic purposes in general patients of Amavata

PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG APLIKASI OBAT TRADISIONAL YANG TEPAT UNTUK MELAWAN COVID-19

Pemanfaatan tanaman obat untuk melawan COVID-19 menjadi tren di masyarakat beberapa tahun terakhir. informasi mengenai penggunaan tanaman obat untuk melawan COVID-19 menyebar dengan cepat sehingga dikhawatirkan dapat meningkatkan kesalahan informasi dan dapat menimbulkan permasalahan kesehatan baru akibat penggunaan obat tradisional yang kurang tepat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terkait pemanfaatan obat tradisional serta cara pembuatannya yang baik untuk melawan COVID-19. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam bentuk ceramah secara daring yang melibatkan 47 orang guru dan pengelola Lembaga Pendidikan Lukman Al Hakim Hidayatullah, Surabaya. Penilaian terhadap tingkat pengetahuan para peserta dilakukan melalui pre-test dan post-test menggunakan instrumen berupa sepuluh pertanyaan pilihan ganda dalam format respons tunggal tentang obat tradisional untuk melawan COVID-19 dan cara pembuatan obat tradisional yang baik. Diperoleh peningkatan nilai rata-rata post-test (75,83) dibanding pre-test (51,39) yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan pengetahuan para peserta webinar tentang obat tradisional untuk melawan COVID-19 beserta cara pembuatannya yang baik

Heading towards the Safer Highways: an assessment of the Avahan prevention programme among long distance truck drivers in India

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Using data from two rounds of a cross-sectional, national-level survey of long-distance truck drivers, this paper examines the extent and trend of sexual risk behavior, prevalence of STI/HIV, and the linkage between exposure to HIV prevention programs and safe sex behavior.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Following the time location cluster sampling approach, major transshipment locations covering the bulk of India’s transport volume along four routes, North-East (NE), North-South (NS), North-West (NW) and South-East (SE) were surveyed. First round of the survey was conducted in 2007 (sample size 2066) whereas the second round was undertaken in 2009-2010 (sample size 2085). Long distance truck drivers were interviewed about their sexual behaviors, condom use practices, exposure to different HIV prevention interventions, and tested for HIV, reactive syphilis serology, <it>Neiserria gonorrhoeae</it> and <it>Chlamydia trachomatis.</it> The key variable of this evaluation study - exposure to HIV prevention interventions was divided into three categories - no exposure, less intensive exposure and intensive exposure. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression methods to understand the relationship between risk behavior and exposure to intervention and between program exposure and condom use.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The proportion of truckers exposed to HIV prevention interventions has increased over time with much significant increase in the intensive exposure across all the four routes (NE: from 14.9% to 28%, P < 0.01; NS: from 20.9% to 38.1%; NW: 11.5% to 39.5%, P < 0.01; SE: 4.7% to 9.7%, P <0.05). Overall, the consistent condom use in sex with non-regular female partners too has increased over the time (paid female partners: from 67.1% to 73.2%, P <0.05; non-paid female partners: from 17.9% to 37.1%, P <0.05). At the aggregate level, the proportion tested HIV positive has declined from 3.2% to 2.5% in (p<0.10) and proportion tested positive for Syphilis too has reduced from 3.2% to 1.7% (p<0.05). Truckers who had sex with paid female partners (men at risk) were significantly more likely to get exposed to intensive program (aOR: 2.6, 95%CI 1.9-3.4) as compared to those who did not have sex with paid partners. Truckers who had sex with paid partners and exposed to intervention program were more likely to use condoms consistently (aOR: 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.7). The consistent condom use among respondents who travel through states with targeted interventions towards female sex workers was higher than those who travel through states with less intensive program among FSWs.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These evaluation study results highlight the ability of intensive program to reach truckers who have sex outside marriage with HIV prevention interventions and promote safe sex behaviors among them. Truckers who practice safe sex behaviors with an exposure to intensive program are less likely to suffer from STIs and HIV, which has implications for HIV prevention program with truckers’ population in India and elsewhere. The simultaneous targeted interventions among female sex workers appeared to have contributed to safe sexual practices among truckers.</p

Assessment of the dual role of Lyonia ovalifolia (Wall.) Drude in inhibiting AGEs and enhancing GLUT4 translocation through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS determination and in silico studies

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that results in glucose accumulation in the blood, accompanied by the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through glycation of cellular proteins. These AGEs interfere with insulin signaling and prevent GLUT4 membrane translocation, thereby promoting the accumulation of more glucose in the blood and causing post-diabetic complications.Methods: In this study, we examine the anti-diabetic potential of Lyonia ovalifolia (Wall.) Drude, a well-known ethnomedicinal plant of the Indian Himalayas. Considering its various medicinal properties, we analyzed its ethanolic extract and various solvent fractions for in vitro antiglycation activity and antidiabetic potential, i.e., stimulation of GLUT4 translocation.Result and Discussions: The results showed that the extract and fractions exhibited increased antiglycation activity and an increased level of GLUT4 translocation. Analysis of a further 12 bioactive compounds of ethanolic extract, identified through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, revealed the presence of three new compounds: leucothol B, rhodoterpenoids A, and leucothol A. Moreover, we performed molecular docking of identified compounds against key proteins of diabetes mellitus: the sirtuin family of NAD (+)-dependent protein deacetylases 6 (SIRT6), aldose reductase (AR), and tyrosine kinase (TK). The results showed that flavonoid luteolin showed the best binding affinity ((−12.3 kcal/mol), followed by eriodictyol, astilbin, and syringaresinol. An ADMET study showed that luteolin, eriodictyol, astilbin, and syringaresinol may be promising drug candidates belonging to the flavonoid class of compounds, with no harmful effects and complying with all the drug-likeness guidelines. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on a 50 ns timescale revealed that AR protein was most stable with luteolin throughout the simulation period. Therefore, this study reveals for the first time that L. ovalifolia plays an important role in insulin homeostasis, as shown in in vitro and in silico studies

An Ethnomedicinal Study; Joint Pain Therapy by Traditional Healers of Solo City

Healers of Jamu- a Traditional Medicine in Solo City, Central Java, Indonesia apply several therapies for treatment of different diseases, including joint pain. The aim of the ethnomedicinal study is the identification of herbal formulations/ medicinal plants/method of preparation and their mode of administration for joint pain therapy in Jamu Medicine. An ethnomedicinal survey was conducted to collect data from traditional healers of Jamu Medicine regarding the practice of joint pain therapy. Data was collected from 25 healers through interview by snowball technique. The data obtained from the study revealed that, 25 herbal formulations /potions consisting of 32 types of medicinal plants from 19 families have been registered by traditional healers for joint pain therapy. Most commonly used plants for joint pain therapy have been identified as Piper retrofractum Vahl, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Curcuma xanthorrhiza D.Dietr., Kaempferia galanga L., and Curcuma longa L. Traditional herbal formulations are prepared by different processing methods like washing, peeling, crushing, pounding then squeezing with warm water (infusion)/ boiling in water (decoction) to get their extract. These herbal formulations are administered orally or applied locally as massage on the affected joint. Through this study we will preserve the traditional knowledge of Jamu Medicine because the younger generation of traditional healers is no more interested in continuing it and their number is gradually decreasing. This valuable data will help the scientist to make new medicinal breakthroughs in the future especially to treat joint pain

Pharmacological impact of microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Prevailing insights on molecular pathways, diagnosis, and nanomedicine treatment

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a disease that most commonly produce tumours from the lining of the epithelial cells of the lips, larynx, nasopharynx, mouth, or oro-pharynx. It is one of the most deadly forms of cancer. About one to two percent of all neo-plasm-related deaths are attributed to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, which is responsible for about six percent of all cancers. MicroRNAs play a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, stress response, triggering apoptosis, and other physiological process. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and provide new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic options for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this work, the role of molecular signaling pathways related to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is emphasized. We also provide an overview of MicroRNA downregulation and overexpression and its role as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In recent years, MicroRNA nano-based therapies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been explored. In addition, nanotechnology-based alternatives have been discussed as a promising strategy in exploring therapeutic paradigms aimed at improving the efficacy of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and attenuating their cytotoxicity. This article also provides information on ongoing and recently completed clinical trials for therapies based on nanotechnology

Magnetic Proximity induced efficient charge-to-spin conversion in large area PtSe2_{2}/Ni80_{80}Fe20_{20} heterostructures

As a topological Dirac semimetal with controllable spin-orbit coupling and conductivity, PtSe$_2$, a transition-metal dichalcogenide, is a promising material for several applications from optoelectric to sensors. However, its potential for spintronics applications is yet to be explored. In this work, we demonstrate that PtSe$_{2}$/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ heterostructure can generate a large damping-like current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOT), despite the absence of spin-splitting in bulk PtSe$_{2}$. The efficiency of charge-to-spin conversion is found to be $(-0.1 \pm 0.02)$~nm$^{-1}$ in PtSe$_{2}$/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$, which is three times that of the control sample, Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$/Pt. Our band structure calculations show that the SOT due to the PtSe$_2$ arises from an unexpectedly large spin splitting in the interfacial region of PtSe$_2$ introduced by the proximity magnetic field of the Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ layer. Our results open up the possibilities of using large-area PtSe$_{2}$ for energy-efficient nanoscale devices by utilizing the proximity-induced SOT.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure

Evolution of the Type IIb SN 2011fu

The UBVRI photometric follow-up of SN 2011fu has been initiated a few days after the explosion, shows a rise followed by steep decay in all bands and shares properties very similar to that seen in case of SN 1993J, with a possible detection of the adiabatic cooling phase at very early epochs. The spectral modeling performed with SYNOW suggests that the early-phase line velocities for H and Fe ii features were ~ 16000 km s−1 and ~ 14000 km s−1, respectively. Studies of rare class of type IIb SNe are important to understand the evolution of the possible progenitors of core-collapse SNe in more details