Epidermal inclusion cyst of breast diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology: a retrospective study

Background: Epidermal inclusion cyst (EIC) is a rare benign condition of breast. Patient presents with palpable breast lump and needs to be differentiated from other breast lesions. This study included cases of epidermal inclusion cyst of breast (EICB) diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and their correlation with histopathological findings.Methods: Study was conducted in a retrospective manner over a period of 2 years.  8 Patients who presented with breast lump and were cytologically diagnosed as EIC were included in the study. Cytological features were suggestive of EIC or infective EICB. Histopathological confirmation was done. Female: Male ratio in the study was 7:1 with an age range of 35 to 54 years. Radiological investigations favoured benign lesions in 5 cases and tubercular collection in one case.Results: FNAC was performed and May-Grunwald-Giemsa stained smears showed numerous anucleate squames and mature squamous epithelial cells in a clean or inflammatory background. Diagnosis of EICB or infective EICB was made on cytology. Diagnosis was confirmed histologically in 6 cases.Conclusions: Asymptomatic lesions do not require biopsy and treatment. Follow-up is sufficient if typical clinical and radiological findings are there. But in symptomatic cases, excision should be done followed by histopathological confirmation to rule out malignant lesion. Diagnosis should be made on FNA whenever associated with characteristic pultaceous aspirate and cytological findings.

Similarity Evaluation in Image Retrieval Using the Hough Transform

This work investigates the use of orientation features, computed using the Hough transform, as a criterion for image similarity evaluation in content based picture retrieval. The context of this work is the management of thematic catalogues, in which coherence in the meaning of the image contents can be relied upon to a certain degree. The vector space model, a well-assessed technique in textual information retrieval, is utilized for the retrieval model

Probiotic human alcohol dehydrogenase-4 expressing bacteria protects from diet-induced obesity and metabolic impairment: a new concept of disease prevention

Aim: Probiotic bacteria consumption for improving human health and for disease prevention is still controversial. There is a need to develop functional probiotic bacteria with proven efficacy for the human gastrointestinal (GI) system. The novel bacteria will lower the steady state of constant Ethanol production may lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis and liver injuries. Methods: Herein engineered probiotic bacterium B. subtilis to enhance the secretion of human alcohol dehydrogenase-4 (ADH4) by fusion of signal peptides (SPs) was constructed. As a result, higher ADH4 secretion and Ethanol removal rates were observed in phoB SP transformant SP-64, compared to other transformants. The engineered ADH4 expressing probiotic B. subtilis was delivered as spores to evaluate various physiological, biochemical, and immuno-histochemical parameters of mice under a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic impairment. Results: The treatment ameliorated significantly weight gain, improved glucose utilization, and prevented HFD-induced pancreatic damage. Lastly, SP-64 inoculation altered the gut microbiota, and increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio, supporting better fitness under HFD. Conclusions: SP-64 emerged as a potential probiotic that opens a new avenue for interventions against over-nutrition-induced metabolic disorders

The Multifarious PGPR Serratia marcescens CDP-13 Augments Induced Systemic Resistance and Enhanced Salinity Tolerance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

The present study demonstrates the plant growth promoting (PGP) potential of a bacterial isolate CDP-13 isolated from 'Capparis decidua' plant, and its ability to protect plants from the deleterious effect of biotic and abiotic stressors. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolate was identified as Serratia marcescens. Among the PGP traits, the isolate was found to be positive for ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization, production of siderophore, indole acetic acid production, nitrogen fixation, and ammonia production. CDP-13 showed growth at an increased salt (NaCl) concentration of up to 6%, indicating its potential to survive and associate with plants growing in saline soil. The inoculation of S. marcescens enhanced the growth of wheat plant under salinity stress (150-200 mM). It significantly reduced inhibition of plant growth (15 to 85%) caused by salt stressors. Application of CDP-13 also modulated concentration (20 to 75%) of different osmoprotectants (proline, malondialdehyde, total soluble sugar, total protein content, and indole acetic acid) in plants suggesting its role in enabling plants to tolerate salt stressors. In addition, bacterial inoculation also reduced the disease severity caused by fungal infection, which illustrated its ability to confer induced systemic resistance (ISR) in host plants. Treatment of wheat plants with the test organism caused alteration in anti-oxidative enzymes activities (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, and Peroxidase) under various salinity levels, and therefore minimizes the salinity-induced oxidative damages to the plants. Colonization efficiency of strain CDP-13 was confirmed by CFU count, epi-fluorescence microscopy, and ERIC-PCR-based DNA fingerprinting approach. Hence, the study indicates that bacterium CDP-13 enhances plant growth, and has potential for the amelioration of salinity stress in wheat plants. Likewise, the results also provide insights into biotechnological approaches to using PGPR as an alternative to chemicals and pesticides

The draft genome sequence of the plant growth promoting rhizospheric bacterium Enterobacter cloacae SBP-8

Here, we report the draft genome sequence and annotation of plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Enterobacter cloacae SBP-8 isolated from the rhizosphere of Sorghum bicolor L. growing in desert region of Rajasthan, India. From the genome sequences, we identified the genes encoding plant growth promoting properties such as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (AcdS), phosphate solubilisation, siderophore, and IAA (indole acetic acid) production. The genes encoding different functions required for colonization including motility, chemotaxis, adherence, and secretion system (I, II, IV, VI) were also identified. The complete genome sequence of this bacterium consists of one chromosome (48,54,065 bp) and one plasmid (85,398). The genome sequence of Enterobacter cloacae SBP-8 was deposited in the Genbank with the accession number CP016906 (chromosome) and CP017413 (plasmid)

Assessment of the efficiency of colonization of isolate CDP-13 based on ERIC-PCR profile of bacterium colonized in wheat plants.

<p>(Lane M: DNA ladder SM0311, Lane A: control DNA, Lane B: CDP-13 DNA of <i>S</i>. <i>marcecens</i> isolated from inoculated plant).</p

Effect of inoculation with isolate CDP-13 on plant biomass and chlorophyll content under different concentrations of NaCl.

<p>Different plant growth parameters were tested which included (A) Shoot length. (B) Root length (C) Fresh weight (D) Dry weight (E) Chlorophyll a (F) Chlorophyll b. Values are mean ± SD of triplicate sets (n = 15). <i>Double asterisk</i> ** represent the significant difference according to Duncan multiple range test (<i>p = 0</i>.<i>05</i>) as compared to control.</p

Physiochemical properties of soil used for pot study.

<p>Physiochemical properties of soil used for pot study.</p

Effect of inoculation with isolate CDP-13 on antioxidative enzymatic activities in bacterium treated and control plants under tested salt stress conditions.

<p>(A) SOD activity (B) CAT activity(C) POX activity. Values are mean ± SD of triplicate sets (n = 15). <i>Double asterisk</i> ** represent the significant difference according to Duncan multiple range test (<i>p = 0</i>.<i>05</i>) as compared to control.</p