Improving Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete Mix by Using M-Sand and Bamboo Fiber

In the current world, concrete has become a very important part of the construction industry and the materials which are used in making concrete have evolved due to better quality of cement and better grade of coarse aggregates. The sand is an important part of concrete. It is mainly procured from natural sources. Thus the grade of sand is not under our control. The concrete cubes of M-20, M-25 & M-30 grade were threw in this trial explore work and tried to analyze different properties of concrete like compressive quality, workability. In this study M-sand is considered as a replacement of natural sand by 50, 70 & 90% by weight of sand in concrete design mix with 1% Bamboo fiber streams as an admixture. This study is carried out at the age of 7 and 28 days. In this work, the general properties of fresh and hardened concrete were tried and the outcomes were dissected. As concrete is a central material for the construction industry. In any case, in the present period where development is expanding quickly and development rate is coming to their statures, it is contrarily affecting our condition as well. So it is vital to utilize some optional materials as a part of concrete to minimize the cost, and to enhance the properties of concrete for better stability of the structures

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF PRONIOSOMES AS DRUG CARRIER FOR OCULAR DELIVERY OF LEVOFLOXACIN

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Phaseâ amplitude coupling between interictal highâ frequency activity and slow waves in epilepsy surgery

ObjectiveWe hypothesized that the modulation index (MI), a summary measure of the strength of phaseâ amplitude coupling between highâ frequency activity (>150 Hz) and the phase of slow waves (3â 4 Hz), would serve as a useful interictal biomarker for epilepsy presurgical evaluation.MethodsWe investigated 123 patients who underwent focal cortical resection following extraoperative electrocorticography recording and had at least 1 year of postoperative followâ up. We examined whether consideration of MI would improve the prediction of postoperative seizure outcome. MI was measured at each intracranial electrode site during interictal slowâ wave sleep. We compared the accuracy of prediction of patients achieving International League Against Epilepsy class 1 outcome between the full multivariate logistic regression model incorporating MI in addition to conventional clinical, seizure onset zone (SOZ), and neuroimaging variables, and the reduced logistic regression model incorporating all variables other than MI.ResultsNinety patients had class 1 outcome at the time of most recent followâ up (mean followâ up = 5.7 years). The full model had a noteworthy outcome predictive ability, as reflected by regression model fit R2 of 0.409 and area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic plot of 0.838. Incomplete resection of SOZ (P < 0.001), larger number of antiepileptic drugs at the time of surgery (P = 0.007), and larger MI in nonresected tissues relative to that in resected tissue (P = 0.020) were independently associated with a reduced probability of class 1 outcome. The reduced model had a lower predictive ability as reflected by R2 of 0.266 and AUC of 0.767. Anatomical variability in MI existed among nonepileptic electrode sites, defined as those unaffected by magnetic resonance imaging lesion, SOZ, or interictal spike discharges. With MI adjusted for anatomical variability, the full model yielded the outcome predictive ability of R2 of 0.422, AUC of 0.844, and sensitivity/specificity of 0.86/0.76.SignificanceMI during interictal recording may provide useful information for the prediction of postoperative seizure outcome.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146440/1/epi14544_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146440/2/epi14544.pd

On the taxonomic validity of Boiga whitakeri Ganesh et al., 2021 with new insights on Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)

Colour polymorphism has been previously reported in several colubrid snakes including Boiga spp. In this paper, we report colour variations within the poorly known southern Indian Boiga dightoni, provide the first molecular data for this species, from two localities (including the type locality) and compare them with data from other congeners. Additionally, we provide detailed dentition and hemipenis descriptions for B. dightoni. Molecular data for B. dightoni show very little difference (0.2–0.4% 16S; 0.9–1.2% cyt b) to the recently described Boiga whitakeri, also from southern India. We have re-examined and present new information on the pholidosis of the type specimens of B. whitakeri and reconsider its taxonomic status. On the basis of molecular data and overlapping morphological characteristics, we argue that Boiga whitakeri and Boiga dightoni are conspecific, and place B. whitakeri under the subjective synonymy of the latter. Furthermore, we show that colour polymorphism in B. dightoni is a gender-independent character and that both colour morphs are found in high as well as low elevations and partly in sympatry. A revised key to the Boiga ceylonensis complex is provided

Strong impact of TGF-&#946;1 gene polymorphisms on breast cancer risk in Indian women: a case-control and population-based study

Introduction: TGF-&#946;1 is a multi-functional cytokine that plays an important role in breast carcinogenesis. Critical role of TGF-&#946;1 signaling in breast cancer progression is well documented. Some TGF-&#946;1 polymorphisms influence its expression; however, their impact on breast cancer risk is not clear. Methods: We analyzed 1222 samples in a candidate gene-based genetic association study on two distantly located and ethnically divergent case-control groups of Indian women, followed by a population-based genetic epidemiology study analyzing these polymorphisms in other Indian populations. The c.29C&#62;T (Pro10Leu, rs1982073 or rs1800470) and c.74G&#62;C (Arg25Pro, rs1800471) polymorphisms in the TGF-&#946;1 gene were analyzed using direct DNA sequencing, and peripheral level of TGF-&#946;1 were measured by ELISA. Results: c.29C&#62;T substitution increased breast cancer risk, irrespective of ethnicity and menopausal status. On the other hand, c.74G&#62;C substitution reduced breast cancer risk significantly in the north Indian group (p  =  0.0005) and only in the pre-menopausal women. The protective effect of c.74G&#62;C polymorphism may be ethnicity-specific, as no association was seen in south Indian group. The polymorphic status of c.29C&#62;T was comparable among Indo-Europeans, Dravidians and Tibeto-Burmans. Interestingly, we found that Tibeto-Burmans lack polymorphism at c.74G&#62;C locus as true for the Chinese populations. However, the Brahmins of Nepal (Indo-Europeans) showed polymorphism in 2.08% of alleles. Mean TGF-&#946;1 was significantly elevated in patients in comparison to controls (p&#60;0.001). Conclusion: c.29C&#62;T and c.74G&#62;C polymorphisms in the TGF-&#946;1 gene significantly affect breast cancer risk, which correlates with elevated TGF-&#946;1 level in the patients. The c.29C&#62;T locus is polymorphic across ethnically different populations, but c.74G&#62;C locus is monomorphic in Tibeto-Burmans and polymorphic in other Indian populations

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy