Worker’s Remittances and Economic Development in Pakistan A Time Series Analysis (1980-2010)

The present study is conducted to examine the role of worker’s remittances on the economic development of the Pakistan. Time series data is utilized which is comprises on 1980 to 2010, from the world data bank and Handbook of statistics. Co-integration technique has been used to explain the long run relationship between worker’s remittances and economic development in Pakistan. Results indicated that there is long run relationship exist between the worker’s remittances and economic development. Furthermore study applied VECM to detect the short run adjustment in variables to attain equilibrium in the long run. However, the results indicated that in short run Economic development is in disequilibrium position

Private Investment, Personal Remittances and Economic Growth of Pakistan

The present study is conducted to find out the association among the variables such as private investment, personal remittances and economic growth in the short run as well as in the long run. Time series data is employed from 1976 to 2013 from world data bank. Johansen cointegration test is used to find out the long run relationship among the variables such as personal remittances, private investment and economic growth. The results indicates that all three variables are cointegreted in the long run. Furthermore study applied VECM to detect the short run adjustment in variables to attain equilibrium in the long run. However, the results indicated that in short run Economic development takes time to converge its equilibrium

Influence of Health Care Amenities and Health Expenditure to Enhance the Economic Growth in Pakistan

The present study is conducted to examine the role of paramedical staff and government expenditure in the health field to enhance the economic growth of the Pakistan. Time series data is utilized which is comprises from 1961 to 2014, which is collected from Handbook of statistics. Co-integration technique has been used to explain the long run relationship among paramedical persons, expenditure and economic growth in Pakistan. Results indicated that there is long run relationship exist among the expenditure, paramedical persons and economic growth. Furthermore study applied VECM to detect the short run adjustment in variables to attain equilibrium in the long run

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth in Pakistan

The study is conducted to find out the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth of Pakistan. Time series data is utilized which is comprises from 1981 to 2010, collected from the world data bank. Multiple regression technique is used in which gdp is dependent variable while foreign direct investment (FDI) and  consumer price index (CPI) are independent variables. The result indicates that there is a positive relationship between the FDI and GDP and have a negative relationship with CPI. When FDI increase the GDP of Pakistan will positively affected by FDI

Influence of Surface Modification on Corrosion and Biocompatibility of Titanium Alloys

Titanium alloys enhance the quality and longevity of human life by replacing or treating various parts of the body. However, the aggressive body fluids lead to corrosion and metal ions dissolution. These ions leach to the adjacent tissues and causes adverse reactions. Surface modifications improve corrosion resistance and biological activity. In this investigation, electropolishing, magnetoelectropolishing, titanium coating and hydroxyapatite coating were carried out on commercially pure titanium (CPTi), Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V-ELI (Extra Low Interstitials). These surface modifications are known to affect surface chemistry, morphology, wettability, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of these materials. In vitro cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted in phosphate buffer saline in compliance with ASTM standard. The surface morphology, roughness and wettability of these alloys were studied using scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and contact angle meter, respectively. Moreover, biocompatibility of titanium alloys was assessed by growing MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cells on the surfaces

An Overview of the Positive dimensions of the Human Personality in the Light of Qu’rān

This article analyzes the different positive dimensions of the Human Personality which are discussed in the Qurān. Actually, the whole Qurān is about the human beings. It is the desire and will of Allah Almighty to see the man that he/she is going on the positive path. All the teachings and the stories of different nations mentioned in the Qurān are just to convey the message that when someone adopts the right path, he would get his/ her destination. At the beginning of the twentieth century, American journalist Napoleon Hill wrote a book called "Think and Grow Rich" which became the best-selling book of that era. After many years of sweating, Thomas C. Corley concluded his research that there is a heavy barrier of 11 habits between success and failure. There are 11 qualities in the lives of all successful people that no one can stop them from moving forward if they adopt them. Many of these characteristics are permanent but they also change over a long period of time and based on these characteristics one person stands out from the other and in every case behaves differently from others. Some of these attributes are also a product of temporary conditions. There are basically two types of human characteristics. One is that which he has received directly from Allah Almighty, these are called non-acquired or natural attributes. The others are the qualities that man can either create within himself or acquire them by making some changes in his natural attributes or they are the product of his environment. These are called acquired attributes. Natural attributes include our color, race, shape, physical constitution, mental abilities, etc. Acquired attributes include man's level of knowledge, his profession, his thoughts, etc. Personality building is the name given to the proper development of both of these qualities

Study on Improving Flotation Effect and Mechanism of Fine Anthracite by Polyacrylamide, Sodium Silicate and Sodium Oleate

The flotation performance of clean coal with different reagents and pretreatment agents was investigated. The study examines the efficient recovery of anthracite coal using polyacrylamide flotation pretreatment. The mechanism of pretreatment agents and anthracite was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential measurements and focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM). The wetting behavior and flotation performance of anthracite and pretreatment agents were investigated using contact angle measurements and series of flotation tests. The coal samples were treated with reagents like kerosene, sec-octanol and pretreatment agents like polyacrylamides, (cat-ionic polyacrylamide, non-ionic polyacrylamide, an-ionic polyacrylamide), sodium silicate and sodium oleate to investigate their impact on coal surface properties and the subsequent flotation performance. The optimum dosage of kerosene was found to be 10 kg/t and that of sec-octanol was 1.84 kg/t. Moreover, the optimum dosages of cat-ionic polyacrylamide, sodium oleate and sodium silicate were 200 g/t, 350 g/t and 500 g/t respectively. The yield of clean coal of cat-ionic polyacrylamide was 70.70 %, ash content of clean coal of cat-ionic polyacrylamide was 11 %. The sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) has the yield of 66.66 % and the ash content of 13.9 %. The results indicated that the cat-ionic polyacrylamide demonstrated the most substantial improvement in flotation performance, particularly when used in conjunction with kerosene and sec-octanol

Terrorism and Its Impacts on Export of Pakistan an Empirical Analysis

This research paper study the empirical relation between export and terrorism in Pakistan. Using data from 1996 to 2015, by applying the simple linear regression model, the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) testing approach is used to check the relationship among variables, the normality and linearity of the data have been checked. By estimating the Model the result clearly showed that there is significant relationship between both variables, terrorism have negative significant effects on Pakistan export. The study suggests that government should take positive step to maintain peace in the country and negotiate with all terrorist groups and parties who are responsible for all that kind of vicious activities. It hampers economic growth of Pakistan, as export play a vital role in the economic growth of a country. Keywords: Export, Terrorism, Pakista

Influence of Excessive Expenditure of the Government in Perspective of Interest Rate and Money Circulation Which in Turn Affects the Growing Process in Pakistan

In this study an attempt was made to investigate the affiliation among the excessive expenditure, interest rate, inflation, money supply and growing rate. For this purpose, time series data comprises 1976 to 2018 were collected from the Handbook and world development indicator. The analyses show a good number of findings. Firstly, the unit root test results show that all the variables are stationary at level, except inflation but appear stationary at first difference. However, ZA test pronounces structural break in the data with a different time period. This of course leads the study to determine the short and long-term association among the variables. The vector error correction and Johansen cointegration reveals the short and long-run relationship exists among the variables. While excessive expenditure and the money circulation have one-way granger causality with the growth rate. Moreover, the diagnostic and stability tests describe that model specification, auto correlation and model are normal. Even impulse response pronounces that all the variables would have a positive influence on the growth rate in the future. Based on this, the study recommends that government should not create the atmosphere of the crowding out. No doubt interest rate favors the economy, but government should also manage its expenditure

4-(4-Methoxy­phen­yl)piperazin-1-ium chloride

In the title compound, C11H17N2O+·Cl−, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the basal plane of piperazine ring is 39.20 (8)°. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds occur. There is also a C—H⋯π inter­action between the benzene rings