Exposure to environmentally persistent free radicals during gestation lowers energy expenditure and impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in adult mice

© 2016 the American Physiological Society. We have investigated the effects of in utero exposure to environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) on growth, metabolism, energy utilization, and skeletal muscle mitochondria in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Pregnant mice were treated with laboratory-generated, combustion derived particular matter (MCP230). The adult offspring were placed on a high-fat diet for 12 wk, after which we observed a 9.8% increase in their body weight. The increase in body size observed in the MCP230-exposed mice was not associated with increases in food intake but was associated with a reduction in physical activity and lower energy expenditure. The reduced energy expenditure in mice indirectly exposed to MCP230 was associated with reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA copy number, lower mRNA levels of electron transport genes, and reduced citrate synthase activity. Upregulation of key genes involved in ameliorating oxidative stress was also observed in the muscle of MCP230-exposed mice. These findings suggest that gestational exposure to MCP230 leads to a reduction in energy expenditure at least in part through alterations to mitochondrial metabolism in the skeletal muscle

Biodiesel from grease interceptor to gas tank

The need for sustainable biofuels has initiated a global search for innovative technologies that can sustainably convert nonfood bioresources to liquid transportation fuels. While 2nd generation cellulosic ethanol has begun to address this challenge, other resources including yellow and brown grease are rapidly evolving commercial opportunities that are addressing regional biodiesel needs. This review examines the technical and environmental factors driving the collection of trap FOG (Fats, Oils, and Greases), its chemical composition and technologies currently available and future developments that facilitate the conversion of FOG into biodiesel

Dataset for Particulate Studies and Obesity

Code and Raw Data for Obesity Particulate Treatment study This repository contains raw data for studies done by the Bridges Lab and our collaborators on the metabolic effects of in utero exposure to particulates containing environmentally persistent free radicals on obese adult mice. This repository contains the data for the manuscripts detailed below. The tag column indicates the state of the dataset at the indicated time.: Publication Dataset Tag E. J. Stephenson, A. Ragauskas, S. Jaligama, J. R. Redd, J. Parvathareddy, M. J. Peloquin, J. Saravia, J. Han, S. A. Cormier, D. Bridges, Exposure to environmentally persistent free radicals during gestation lowers energy expenditure and impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in adult mice. (2016). American Journal of Physioogy - Endocrinology and Metabolism. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00521.2015. ObesityParticulateTreatment-v1.0.0 Licence This ObesityParticulateTreatment data is made available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0. Data Files Data files are located in the data directory The raw data in this analysis is located in data/raw and is the following files: Script Files Script files are saved in scripts folder and were analysed in this order Manuscript The manuscript files, including the manuscript, the figures, tables and supplementary data are in the manuscript directory

Exposure to environmentally persistent free radicals during gestation lowers energy expenditure and impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in adult mice

We have investigated the effects of in utero exposure to environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) on growth, metabolism, energy utilization, and skeletal muscle mitochondria in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Pregnant mice were treated with laboratory-generated, combustion-derived particular matter (MCP230). The adult offspring were placed on a high-fat diet for 12 wk, after which we observed a 9.8% increase in their body weight. The increase in body size observed in the MCP230-exposed mice was not associated with increases in food intake but was associated with a reduction in physical activity and lower energy expenditure. The reduced energy expenditure in mice indirectly exposed to MCP230 was associated with reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA copy number, lower mRNA levels of electron transport genes, and reduced citrate synthase activity. Upregulation of key genes involved in ameliorating oxidative stress was also observed in the muscle of MCP230-exposed mice. These findings suggest that gestational exposure to MCP230 leads to a reduction in energy expenditure at least in part through alterations to mitochondrial metabolism in the skeletal muscle