Ameliorative effect of lithium chloride on working and spatial memory deficit in a PTZ-induced seizure model

Background: The repetitive seizure attacks lead to widespread neuronal damage and cognitive deficit, e.g. memory and learning impairment. The single or repeated administration of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) can induce seizure in rat. This study evaluates the neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride (LiCl) on PTZ-induced working and spatial memory deficit. Materials and Methods: To induce the PTZ-kindling model, repeated doses of PTZ (40mg/kg/BW/ip) were injected for 5 consecutive days. After observing five stages of seizure, the PTZ+Li20, PTZ+Li40 and PTZ+Li80 groups received 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/BW of LiCl, respectively and the PTZ+Saline group, received Saline for 14 days. The Morris water maze (MWM) and Y maze tests were conducted in order to investigate the spatial and working memory. Results: Compared to Control group, the PTZ+Saline group showed a decrease in alteration behavior in Y maze and an increase in latency time and distance to hidden platform in MWM. LiCl-treated rats, especially in the lowest dose, showed a significant higher alteration behavior in Y maze and the lower latency time and distance to hidden platform in MWM than the PTZ+Saline group. Conclusion: The neuroprotective effects of LiCl can ameliorate the spatial and working memory impairment in a PTZ-kindling model

Prevalence of prolonged QTcinterval in electrocardiograms of 1 -12 year-old seizure patients

Background: Children with long QT intervals are prone to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias which may lead to seizure and syncope and may be misdiagnosed as seizure. Objective: This study aimed to assess the frequency of long QT intervals in children with and without convulsion. Method: This study is case-control. ECG tracings were requested for all children aged between one to twelve years who were hospitalized due to convulsion with no underlying etiology and simultaneously for children of the same age and gender who were admitted due to other than seizure as case group. Consequently, QT intervals were measured and compared in the two  groups. Results: If long QT interval was defined to be longer than 0.47 second, no significant difference was noted between two groups. On the other hand, if this interval was defined to be equal to or longer than 0.46 second, long QT intervals are more frequent in convulsive children. Conclusions: In this study, long QT interval, defined as QT interval 0.46 second, is found more frequently in children with seizure than non-convulsing ones. It is recommended that children with history of seizure without any identifiable causes and that is unresponsive to  anticonvulsive drugs should be investigated with ECG.Key words: Child, Diagnostic Errors, Long QT Syndrome, Seizur

Special Libraries, December 1954

Volume 45, Issue 10https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1954/1009/thumbnail.jp