Publication of the combination Spergularia diandra (Caryophyllaceae): discovery of an earlier indelible autographic label

The name Spergularia diandra, representing a plant native to the Mediterranean region of Europe and Africa eastward to central Asia and introduced sparingly to North America, was validly published via an autographic label distributed in 1851, predating other commonly seen citations of this combination.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147020/1/tax25065314.pd

(1737) Proposal to conserve the name Heliosperma against Ixoca (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae)

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146904/1/tax25065663.pd

Rubus parvifolius (Rosaceae), naturalized in Illinois and Iowa

While travelling to and from work, the senior author noted a vigorous bramble covering about a 20-meter section of hillside along a road bordering the North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station farm, southwest of Ames, Iowa. Upon closer examination, the bramble seemed to be significantly different from those species described in floras of surrounding states (Great Plains Flora Association 1986, Mohlenbrock 1986, Steyermark 1963). This plant was identified as Rubus parvifolius L. ( = R. triphy!lus Thunb., non R. parvifolius Walter), the trailing raspberry, using Rehder\u27s (1940) key. The senior author initially suspected that this species had merely been persisting near the Plant Introduction Station after cultivation, but then he noticed the same bramble in other locations around Ames, where the plant was naturally reproducing and clearly not under cultivation. This species\u27 vigorous growth (at one site it covers over 1000 square meters of thin woodland understory) and its production of fruits attractive to birds suggest that the plant is now well established and should be considered a member of the local flora. The discovery of R. parvifolius in Iowa, along with its absence from nearly all North American floristic manuals, prompted this work

(086–087) Proposals to amend Arts. 7.11 and 9.21

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146988/1/tax591043.pd

(097) Proposal to revise Art. 60 Ex. 21 and add a new Example

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147176/1/tax591049.pd

William Russell Anderson (1942–2013)

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147021/1/tax63114.pd

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae: tribe Arenarieae) and its allies inferred from nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer and plastid DNA rps16 sequences

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112194/1/boj12293.pd

Untangling phylogenetic patterns and taxonomic confusion in tribe Caryophylleae (Caryophyllaceae) with special focus on generic boundaries

Assigning correct names to taxa is a challenging goal in the taxonomy of many groups within the Caryophyllaceae. This challenge is most serious in tribe Caryophylleae since the supposed genera seem to be highly artificial, and the available morphological evidence cannot effectively be used for delimitation and exact determination of taxa. The main goal of the present study was to re–assess the monophyly of the genera currently recognized in this tribe using molecular phylogenetic data. We used the sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the chloroplast gene rps16 for 135 and 94 accessions, respectively, representing all 16 genera currently recognized in the tribe Caryophylleae, with a rich sampling of Gypsophila as one of the most heterogeneous groups in the tribe. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The results show that most of the large genera of Caryophylleae are not monophyletic. As a result, we propose a new classification system matching both molecular phylogenetic and morphological evidence. The main taxonomic conclusions include: (1) the description of three new genera, (2) treating five small genera as synonyms, (3) resurrecting the genus Heterochroa with six species, and (4) proposing 23 new combinations plus 2 replacement names at the specific level. As a result, we recognize 14 genera in Caryophylleae. A diagnostic key to all genera of Caryophylleae is provided.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146908/1/tax6716.pd

A new taxonomic backbone for the infrageneric classification of the species‐rich genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae)

The systematization of species in plant taxonomy based on the phylogenetic relationships among them are of utmost importance and also very challenging in large genera. In those, phylogenetic results often may suggest substantially different relationships than previous classifications, and call for large‐scale taxonomic revisions. Delimitation of the genus Silene has been and is still somewhat controversial, and recent molecular phylogenetic studies have settled several monophyletic groups that differ substantially from previous taxonomies. The infrageneric taxonomy of Silene s.str. has not been updated as a whole taking the phylogenetic information into account. In this study, we review previous phylogenetic results based on multiple loci, and conducted comprehensive gene tree analyses based on the nrDNA ITS and cpDNA rps16 regions for 1586 and 944 samples representing 415 and 397 species, respectively, including Silene and its allies, as well as a species tree analysis including 262 samples representing 243 species. We sampled representatives from all 44 sections recognized in the most recent global revision of the genus. The results support the recognition of three subgenera, i.e., S. subg. Behenantha, S. subg. Lychnis and S. subg. Silene, which is partly in agreement with previous molecular phylogenetic findings and contradicts all previous traditional classifications. Silene sect. Atocion, with a few annual species showing a narrow distribution range in the eastern Mediterranean, is treated as incertae sedis because of its uncertain phylogenetic position, possibly due to exceptionally high substitution rates. Silene subg. Lychnis, weakly supported as sister to the other subgenera, splits into three main clades and includes four sections. Silene subg. Behenantha, which forms a possible sister group in relation to S. subg. Silene, is poorly resolved basally and includes a large number of mostly small clades recognized as 18 sections. In S. subg. Silene, 11 sections are recognized, among which four are broadly circumscribed: S. sect. Auriculatae, S. sect. Sclerocalycinae, S. sect. Silene and S. sect. Siphonomorpha. Silene sect. Acutifoliae and S. sect. Portenses are described here as new taxa, whereas new status or new combinations are proposed for S. sect. Anotites, S. sect. Muscipula, S. sect. Petrocoma, S. sect. Pulvinatae, S. sect. Sclerophyllae and S. sect. Uebelinia. Five new combinations and two new names are proposed for taxa in Silene formerly assigned to Lychnis and Uebelinia. The correct infrageneric nomenclature compatible with the new infrageneric system is provided along with synonymy and type citations. Shortcomings of this study, such as the lack of a morphological diagnostic key and sparse sampling of some large sections, are listed and discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156144/5/tax12230.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156144/4/tax12230-sup-0006-Supinfo06.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156144/3/tax12230-sup-0001-Supinfo01.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156144/2/tax12230-sup-0007-FigureS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156144/1/tax12230_am.pd

Cometeae, the correct name for the tribe Pterantheae (Caryophyllaceae)

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149761/1/tax01123.pd