Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Literatura, história e farmácia: um diálogo possível

No Centro de Memória da Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG encontram-se documentos relativos à passagem de Carlos Drummond de Andrade pela instituição, fato que levou à reflexão sobre a presença da farmácia e do farmacêutico na literatura. Por meio de diálogo interdisciplinar e de pesquisa sobre elementos que comprovassem essa presença, sua efetiva participação e presença na literatura, buscou-se historicizar essa vinculação não só do poeta de Itabira, mas de outros homens de letras, sendo profissionais farmacêuticos ou inspirados por eles. Objetivou-se, igualmente, apontar alguns elementos que fundamentem e demonstrem a importância desse profissional na sociedade brasileira do final do século XIX e primeira metade do XX

Um estudo de caso: a história do Barão do Pontal Mineiros da Zona da Mata na construção do Estado Nacional (1821-1841)

The province of Minas Gerais had a prominent role on the building of the Imperial State. During the Regency, it was one of the pillars of the moderate liberal project, and staged its agony on the Rebellion of 1842. Therefore, it becomes relevant to study at great length, the political elites responsible for the importance of Minas on this context. From a group of documents formed by inventories, testaments, electoral lists and newspapers from the period, I examined the economic and material bases of some of the farmers around the middle of the XIX century, evaluating simultaneously its political participation on the configuration of the provincial powers, and the larger scope of the monarchic State. For that I elected, as an emblematic character, Manoel Ignácio de Mello e Souza, president of the province, senator, and later honored as Barão do Pontal (Baron of the Pontal). The geographic space featured is part of the north Zona da Mata, more precisely the region that includes the cities of Barra Longa, Viçosa and Ponte Nova.The province of Minas Gerais had a prominent role on the building of the Imperial State. During the Regency, it was one of the pillars of the moderate liberal project, and staged its agony on the Rebellion of 1842. Therefore, it becomes relevant to study at great length, the political elites responsible for the importance of Minas on this context. From a group of documents formed by inventories, testaments, electoral lists and newspapers from the period, I examined the economic and material bases of some of the farmers around the middle of the XIX century, evaluating simultaneously its political participation on the configuration of the provincial powers, and the larger scope of the monarchic State. For that I elected, as an emblematic character, Manoel Ignácio de Mello e Souza, president of the province, senator, and later honored as Barão do Pontal (Baron of the Pontal). The geographic space featured is part of the north Zona da Mata, more precisely the region that includes the cities of Barra Longa, Viçosa and Ponte Nova.A Província de Minas Gerais teve um papel de destaque na conformação do Estado imperial. Durante a Regência foi um dos pilares do projeto liberal moderado e palco de sua agonia na Rebelião de 1842. Torna-se relevante, portanto estudar mais detidamente as elites políticas responsáveis pela proeminência mineira nesse cenário. A partir de um conjunto documental formado por inventários, testamentos, listas de eleitores e jornais de época examino as bases econômicas e materiais de um grupo de fazendeiros nos meados do século XIX, avaliando concomitantemente sua participação política na configuração dos poderes provinciais e no âmbito mais amplo do Estado monárquico. Elegi, para tal, como figura emblemática, Manoel Ignácio de Mello e Souza, presidente da província, senador, e posteriormente, nobilitado como Barão do Pontal. O espaço geográfico recortado foi uma parcela da zona da Mata norte, mais precisamente, a região que inclui as cidades de Barra Longa, Viçosa e Ponte Nova

Business and political participation: the lanlords of Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais (1821-1841)

Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar que os proprietários da parte norte da Zona da Mata mineira também tiveram sua participação na construção do Estado nacional. A partir de um conjunto documental formado por inventários, testamentos, listas de eleitores, jornais de época e listas nominativas estudamos as bases econômicas e materiais de um grupo de fazendeiros nos meados do século XIX, avaliando concomitantemente sua participação política na configuração dos poderes provinciais e no âmbito mais amplo do Estado monárquico. O espaço geográfico escolhido foi uma parcela da zona da Mata norte, mais precisamente, a região que inclui as cidades de Barra Longa, Viçosa e Ponte Nova. O recorte temporal foi estabelecido entre 1821 e 1841.This work tries to demonstrate that the landlords from the north side of the \"Zona da Mata Mineira\" had their share in the construction of the Brazilian National State. Their economic and political powers as well as their participation on politics are analyzed through data obtained from inventories, wills, lists of voters and census lists. The context is the region of Barra Longa, Viçosa and Ponte Nova in the period from 1821 to 1841

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p<0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p<0·0001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline