9,020 research outputs found
The Third Way of Thermal-Electric Conversion beyond Seebeck and Pyroelectric Effects
Thermal-electric conversion is crucial for smart energy control and
harvesting, such as thermal sensing and waste heat recovering. So far, people
are aware of only two ways of direct thermal-electric conversion, Seebeck and
pyroelectric effects, each with distinct working conditions and limitations.
Here, we report the third way of thermal-electric conversion beyond Seebeck and
pyroelectric effects. In contrast to Seebeck effect that requires spatial
temperature difference, the-third-way converts the time-dependent ambient
temperature fluctuation into electricity, similar to the behavior of
pyroelectricity. However, the-third-way is also distinct from pyroelectric
effect in the sense that it does not require polar materials but applies to
general conducting systems. We demonstrate that the-third-way results from the
temperature-fluctuation-induced dynamical charge redistribution. It is a
consequence of the fundamental nonequilibrium thermodynamics and has a deep
connection to the topological phase in quantum mechanics. The findings expand
our knowledge and provide new means of thermal-electric energy harvesting.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Effective potential calculation of the MSSM lightest CP-even Higgs boson mass
I summarize results of two-loop effective potential calculations of the
lightest CP-even Higgs boson mass in the minimal supersymmetric standard model.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Thermodynamic stability of small-world oscillator networks: A case study of proteins
We study vibrational thermodynamic stability of small-world oscillator
networks, by relating the average mean-square displacement of oscillators
to the eigenvalue spectrum of the Laplacian matrix of networks. We show that
the cross-links suppress effectively and there exist two phases on the
small-world networks: 1) an unstable phase: when , ; 2) a
stable phase: when , , \emph{i.e.}, . Here, is the parameter of small-world, is the number of
oscillators, and is the number of cross-links. The results are
exemplified by various real protein structures that follow the same scaling
behavior of the stable phase. We also show that it is the
"small-world" property that plays the key role in the thermodynamic stability
and is responsible for the universal scaling , regardless
of the model details.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Physical Review
On Holographic Insulators and Supersolids
We obtain holographic realizations for systems that have strong similarities
to Mott insulators and supersolids, after examining the ground states of
Einstein-Maxwell-scalar systems. The real part of the AC conductivity has a
hard gap and a discrete spectrum only. We add momentum dissipation to resolve
the delta function in the conductivity due to translational invariance. We
develop tools to directly calculate the Drude weight for a large class of
solutions and to support our claims. Numerical RG flows are also constructed to
verify that such saddle points are IR fixed points of asymptotically AdS_4
geometries.Comment: 52 pages, jheppub, 15 figures; v2: minor corrections, references
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