1,058 research outputs found

    Focused ion beam milling of three dimensional nanostructures with high precision

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    The fabrication of an extended three-dimensional nanostructure with dimensions much larger than the feature size using a focused ion beam is described. By milling two identical patterns of pores with a designed diameter of 460 nm in orthogonal directions, a photonic crystal with an inverse woodpile structure was made in a gallium phosphide single crystal. The patterns are aligned with an unprecedented accuracy of 30 nm with respect to each other. The influence of GaP redeposition on the depth, shape, and size of the pores is described. The work is published in J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B [1]

    Rape and respectability: ideas about sexual violence and social class

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    Women on low incomes are disproportionately represented among sexual violence survivors, yet feminist research on this topic has paid very little attention to social class. This article blends recent research on class, gender and sexuality with what we know about sexual violence. It is argued that there is a need to engage with classed distinctions between women in terms of contexts for and experiences of sexual violence, and to look at interactions between pejorative constructions of working-class sexualities and how complainants and defendants are perceived and treated. The classed division between the sexual and the feminine, drawn via the notion of respectability, is applied to these issues. This piece is intended to catalyse further research and debate, and raises a number of questions for future work on sexual violence and social class

    Probing the isovector transition strength of the low-lying nuclear excitations induced by inverse kinematics proton scattering

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    A compact approach based on the folding model is suggested for the determination of the isoscalar and isovector transition strengths of the low-lying (ΔS=ΔT=0\Delta S=\Delta T=0) excitations induced by inelastic proton scattering measured with exotic beams. Our analysis of the recently measured inelastic 18,20^{18,20}O+p scattering data at Elab=30E_{\rm lab}=30 and 43 MeV/nucleon has given for the first time an accurate estimate of the isoscalar β0\beta_0 and isovector β1\beta_1 deformation parameters (which cannot be determined from the (p,p') data alone by standard methods) for 21+^+_1 and 313^-_1 excited states in 18,20^{18,20}O. Quite strong isovector mixing was found in the 21+^+_1 inelastic 20^{20}O+p scattering channel, where the strength of the isovector form factor F1F_1 (prototype of the Lane potential) corresponds to a β1\beta_1 value almost 3 times larger than β0\beta_0 and a ratio of nuclear transition matrix elements Mn/Mp4.2M_n/M_p\simeq 4.2.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

    Improved lower bounds for the ground-state energy of many-body systems

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    New lower bounds for the binding energy of a quantum-mechanical system of interacting particles are presented. The new bounds are expressed in terms of two-particle quantities and improve the conventional bounds of the Hall-Post type. They are constructed by considering not only the energy in the two-particle system, but also the structure of the pair wave function. We apply the formal results to various numerical examples, and show that in some cases dramatic improvement over the existing bounds is reached.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.

    Recoil Polarization for Delta Excitation in Pion Electroproduction

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    We measured angular distributions of recoil-polarization response functions for neutral pion electroproduction for W=1.23 GeV at Q^2=1.0 (GeV/c)^2, obtaining 14 separated response functions plus 2 Rosenbluth combinations; of these, 12 have been observed for the first time. Dynamical models do not describe quantities governed by imaginary parts of interference products well, indicating the need for adjusting magnitudes and phases for nonresonant amplitudes. We performed a nearly model-independent multipole analysis and obtained values for Re(S1+/M1+)=-(6.84+/-0.15)% and Re(E1+/M1+)=-(2.91+/-0.19)% that are distinctly different from those from the traditional Legendre analysis based upon M1+ dominance and sp truncation.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, for PR

    Innovative and New Approaches to Laboratory Diagnosis of Zika and Dengue: A Meeting Report

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    Epidemics of dengue, Zika, and other arboviral diseases are increasing in frequency and severity. Current efforts to rapidly identify and manage these epidemics are limited by the short diagnostic window in acute infection, the extensive serologic cross-reactivity among flaviviruses, and the lack of point-of-care diagnostic tools to detect these viral species in primary care settings. The Partnership for Dengue Control organized a workshop to review the current landscape of Flavivirus diagnostic tools, identified current gaps, and developed strategies to accelerate the adoption of promising novel technologies into national programs. The rate-limiting step to bringing new diagnostic tools to the market is access to reference materials and well-characterized clinical samples to facilitate performance evaluation. We suggest the creation of an international laboratory-response consortium for flaviviruses with a decentralized biobank of well-characterized samples to facilitate assay validation. Access to proficiency panels are needed to ensure quality control, in additional to in-country capacity building

    Virtual Compton Scattering and Neutral Pion Electroproduction in the Resonance Region up to the Deep Inelastic Region at Backward Angles

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    We have made the first measurements of the virtual Compton scattering (VCS) process via the H(e,ep)γ(e,e'p)\gamma exclusive reaction in the nucleon resonance region, at backward angles. Results are presented for the WW-dependence at fixed Q2=1Q^2=1 GeV2^2, and for the Q2Q^2-dependence at fixed WW near 1.5 GeV. The VCS data show resonant structures in the first and second resonance regions. The observed Q2Q^2-dependence is smooth. The measured ratio of H(e,ep)γ(e,e'p)\gamma to H(e,ep)π0(e,e'p)\pi^0 cross sections emphasizes the different sensitivity of these two reactions to the various nucleon resonances. Finally, when compared to Real Compton Scattering (RCS) at high energy and large angles, our VCS data at the highest WW (1.8-1.9 GeV) show a striking Q2Q^2- independence, which may suggest a transition to a perturbative scattering mechanism at the quark level.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Phys.Rev.

    CP-rays in simplicial cones

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    An interior point of a triangle is called CP-point if its orthogonal projection on the line containing each side lies in the relative interior of that side. In classical mathematics, interest in the concept of regularity of a triangle is mainly centered on the property of every interior point of the triangle being a CP-point. We generalize the concept of regularity using this property, and extend this work to simplicial cones in ℝ n , and derive necessary and sufficient conditions for this property to hold in them. These conditions highlight the geometric properties of Z-matrices. We show that these concepts have important ramifications in algorithmic studies of the linear complementarity problem. We relate our results to other well known properties of square matrices.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47921/1/10107_2005_Article_BF01582265.pd
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