2,061 research outputs found
Towards the QCD equation of state at the physical point using Wilson fermion
We study the (2+1)-flavor QCD at nonzero temperatures using nonperturbatively
improved Wilson quarks of the physical masses by the fixed scale approach. We
perform physical point simulations at finite temperatures with the coupling
parameters which were adopted by the PACS-CS Collaboration in their studies
using the reweighting technique. Zero temperature values are obtained on the
PACS-CS configurations which are open to the public on the ILDG/JLDG. Finite
temperature configurations are generated with the RHMC algorithm. The lattice
sizes are with , 13, , 4 which correspond to
--550 MeV. We present results of some basic observables at these
temperatures and the status of our calculation of the equation of state.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of the 33rd International Symposium
on Lattice Field Theory, July 14-18, 2015, Kobe, Japa
Charmonium in Medium: From Correlators to Experiment
We set up a framework in which in-medium charmonium properties are
constrained by thermal lattice QCD and subsequently implemented into a thermal
rate equation enabling the comparison with experimental data in heavy-ion
collisions. Specifically, we evaluate phenomenological consequences for
charmonium production originating from two different scenarios in which either
the free or the internal energy are identified with the in-medium 2-body
potential between charm and anti-charm quarks. These two scenarios represent
"melting temperatures" of approximately 1.25\, ("weak binding")
and 2\, ("strong binding"), respectively. Within current uncertainties in
dissociation rates and charm-quark momentum spectra, both scenarios can
reproduce the centrality dependence of inclusive yields in nuclear
collisions at SPS and RHIC reasonably well. However, the "strong-binding"
scenario associated the the internal energy as the potential tends to better
reproduce current data on transverse momentum spectra at both SPS and RHIC.Comment: 18 pages, 30 figure
Precursors and Main-bursts of Gamma Ray Bursts in a Hypernova Scenario
We investigate a "hypernova" model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), i.e., massive
C+O star model with relativistic jets. In this model, non-thermal precursors
can be produced by the "first" relativistic shell ejected from the star. Main
GRBs are produced behind the "first"-shell by the collisions of several
relativistic shells. They become visible to distant observers after the
colliding region becomes optically thin. We examine six selected conditions
using relativistic hydrodynamical simulations and simple analyses.
Interestingly, our simulations show that sub-relativistic jets
from the central engine is sufficient to produce highly-relativistic shells. We find that the relativistic shells from such a star can
reproduce observed GRBs with certain conditions. Two conditions are especially
important. One is the sufficiently long duration of the central engine \gsim
100 sec. The other is the existence of a dense-shell somewhere behind the
"first"-shell. Under these conditions, both the existence and non-existence of
precursors, and long delay between precursors and main GRBs can be explained.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journal (Letters
Telling the tale of the first stars
HE 0107-5240 is a star in more than once sense of the word. Chemically, it is
the most primitive object yet discovered, and it is at the centre of debate
about the origins of the first elements in the Universe.Comment: 3 pages, 0 figures, published in Nature "News and Views," Apr. 24,
200
Relativistic Electron Shock Drift Acceleration in Low Mach Number Galaxy Cluster Shocks
An extreme case of electron shock drift acceleration in low Mach number
collisionless shocks is investigated as a plausible mechanism of initial
acceleration of relativistic electrons in large-scale shocks in galaxy clusters
where upstream plasma temperature is of the order of 10 keV and a degree of
magnetization is not too small. One-dimensional electromagnetic full particle
simulations reveal that, even though a shock is rather moderate, a part of
thermal incoming electrons are accelerated and reflected through relativistic
shock drift acceleration and form a local nonthermal population just upstream
of the shock. The accelerated electrons can self-generate local coherent waves
and further be back-scattered toward the shock by those waves. This may be a
scenario for the first stage of the electron shock acceleration occurring at
the large-scale shocks in galaxy clusters such as CIZA J2242.8+5301 which has
well defined radio relics.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Full particle simulation of a perpendicular collisionless shock: A shock-rest-frame model
The full kinetic dynamics of a perpendicular collisionless shock is studied
by means of a one-dimensional electromagnetic full particle simulation. The
present simulation domain is taken in the shock rest frame in contrast to the
previous full particle simulations of shocks. Preliminary results show that the
downstream state falls into a unique cyclic reformation state for a given set
of upstream parameters through the self-consistent kinetic processes.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, published in "Earth, Planets and Space" (EPS),
the paper with full resolution images is
http://theo.phys.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~ryo/papers/shock_rest.pd
Solute channels of the outer membrane: from bacteria to chloroplasts
Chloroplasts, unique organelles of plants, originated from endosymbiosis of an ancestor of today's cyanobacteria with a mitochondria-containing host cell. It is assumed that the outer envelope membrane, which delimits the chloroplast from the surrounding cytosol, was thus inherited from its Gram-negative bacterial ancestor. This plastid-specific membrane is thus equipped with elements of prokaryotic and eukaryotic origin. In particular, the membrane-intrinsic outer envelope proteins (OEPs) form solute channels with properties reminiscent of porins and channels in the bacterial outer membrane. OEP channels are characterised by distinct specificities for metabolites and a quite peculiar expression pattern in specialised plant organs and plastids, thus disproving the assumption that the outer envelope is a non-specific molecular sieve. The same is true for the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, which functions as a permeability barrier in addition to the cytoplasmic membrane, and embeds different classes of channel pores. The channels of these prokaryotic prototype proteins, ranging from unspecific porins to specific channels to ligand-gated receptors, are exclusively built of P-barrels. Although most of the OEP channels are formed by P-strands as well, phylogeny based on sequence homology alone is not feasible. Thus, the comparison of structural and functional properties of chloroplast outer envelope and bacterial outer membrane channels is required to pinpoint the ancestral OEP `portrait gallery'
Medium Modifications of Charm and Charmonium in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
The production of charmonia in heavy-ion collisions is investigated within a
kinetic theory framework simultaneously accounting for dissociation and
regeneration processes in both quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and hadron-gas phases
of the reaction. In-medium modifications of open-charm states (c-quarks,
D-mesons) and the survival of J/psi mesons in the QGP are included as inferred
from lattice QCD. Pertinent consequences on equilibrium charmonium abundances
are evaluated and found to be especially relevant to explain the measured
centrality dependence of the psi'/psi ratio at SPS. Predictions for recent
In-In experiments, as well as comparisons to current Au-Au data from RHIC, are
provided.Comment: 4 Latex pages including 4 eps figures and IOP style files. Talk given
at the 17th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus
Collisions, Quark Matter 2004, Oakland, CA USA, 11-17 Jan 2004. To appear in
J. Phys.
- …