Psychological wellbeing in physical education and school sports: A systematic review

Mental health in children and adolescents has become an increasingly important topic in recent years. It is against this backdrop that physical education and school sports play an important role in promoting psychological wellbeing. The aim of this review was to analyse interventions for improving psychological wellbeing in this area. To this end, a literature review was conducted using four databases (WOS, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS and ERIC) and the following keywords: psychological wellbeing, physical education, and school sports. Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that interventions varied greatly in terms of duration and used a wide range of strategies (conventional and non-conventional sports, physical activity, games, etc.) for promoting psychological wellbeing, primarily among secondary school students. There was a lack of consensus as to the conceptualisation of the construct of psychological wellbeing, resulting in a variety of tools and methods for assessing it. Some studies also suggested a link between psychological wellbeing and other variables, such as basic psychological needs and self-determination. Finally, this study provides a definition of psychological wellbeing through physical activity based on our findings

Natalizumab y Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva: adecuación a las recomendaciones del Ministerio de Sanidad de España

Introducción y Objetivo: Valorar el seguimiento de las recomendaciones emitidas por el ministerio de sanidad dirigidas a minimizarel riesgo de aparación de Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva (LMP) asociada al tratamiento con natalizumab por parte de losprofesionales sanitarios de nuestro centro. Material y método: Revisión del 100% de pacientes diagnosticados de Esclerosis Múltiple a tratamiento con natalizumab (septiembre2008-junio 2013). Resultados: 34 pacientes. La duración de tratamiento fue inferior a 1 año en 10 pacientes, entre 1 y 2 años para 11 pacientes ysuperior a 2 años en 13 pacientes. Se encuentran 24 resultados de serología VJC: positiva 14 y negativa10. Ningún paciente habíarecibido inmunosupresores y en el 100% de ellos se realizaron resonancias. Fueron informados acerca del riesgo de desarrollar LMP18 pacientes, 10 con serología VJC positiva llevando 7 de ellos más de dos años a tratamiento con natalizumab. Discusión: Los facultativos se ajustan a las recomendaciones en la gran mayoría de los pacientes sin embargo, la información previaal inicio de tratamiento y una vez alcanzados los 2 años no se realiza de manera extendida.Sería adecuado realizar una estratificación de riesgo en función de presencia o ausencia de determinados factores que permitiríauna selección segura y eficaz de la terapia para EM más adecuada para cada paciente

Natalizumab y Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva: adecuación a las recomendaciones del Ministerio de Sanidad de España

Introducción y Objetivo: Valorar el seguimiento de las recomendaciones emitidas por el ministerio de sanidad dirigidas a minimizarel riesgo de aparación de Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva (LMP) asociada al tratamiento con natalizumab por parte de losprofesionales sanitarios de nuestro centro. Material y método: Revisión del 100% de pacientes diagnosticados de Esclerosis Múltiple a tratamiento con natalizumab (septiembre2008-junio 2013). Resultados: 34 pacientes. La duración de tratamiento fue inferior a 1 año en 10 pacientes, entre 1 y 2 años para 11 pacientes ysuperior a 2 años en 13 pacientes. Se encuentran 24 resultados de serología VJC: positiva 14 y negativa10. Ningún paciente habíarecibido inmunosupresores y en el 100% de ellos se realizaron resonancias. Fueron informados acerca del riesgo de desarrollar LMP18 pacientes, 10 con serología VJC positiva llevando 7 de ellos más de dos años a tratamiento con natalizumab. Discusión: Los facultativos se ajustan a las recomendaciones en la gran mayoría de los pacientes sin embargo, la información previaal inicio de tratamiento y una vez alcanzados los 2 años no se realiza de manera extendida.Sería adecuado realizar una estratificación de riesgo en función de presencia o ausencia de determinados factores que permitiríauna selección segura y eficaz de la terapia para EM más adecuada para cada paciente

Isotopic effects

Funding Information: M.P.-R. acknowledges “María Zambrano” contract of the Univ. de Vigo, financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Universidades/33.50.460A.752 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, and grant Ref. CNS2022-135881 financed by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. M.M.P. and M.P-.R. acknowledge financial support from Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, through grant Ref. PID2021-125081NB-I00, and the computational resources provided by Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia (CESGA, www.cesga.es) Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The AuthorsIn this work, we report the CO2 hydrate phase equilibria in water (H2O), heavy water (D2O), and their binary mixtures following the isochoric pressure search method using a rocking cell apparatus. The phase behaviour was mapped within the temperature and pressure range of 276.32 – 284.80 K and 1.59 – 3.78 MPa, respectively. It was found that there is a difference of ∼ 2 K in the equilibrium line of CO2 hydrates formed in H2O and in D2O, respectively. The hydrate dissociation enthalpies obtained using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation indicate almost similar values formed either in D2O, H2O or their mixtures. These shifts in this equilibrium temperature were compared with the triphasic equilibrium temperature variation estimation obtained using Molecular Dynamics Simulations and a very good agreement with the experimentally obtained values was observed. Further, a constant cooling method was used to obtain the onset temperature of hydrate nucleation for these systems at 3.6 MPa. It has been found that during the cooling ramps, the nucleation always occurred in the vicinity of the temperature of maximum density (TMD) of the systems where water still retains some structuredness. The nucleation experiments also give information about the metastable zone width (MSZW) of the studied systems. The results reported in this work indicate the magnitude of the isotopic effect on CO2 hydrate formation and dissociation that may have implications towards the application of hydrate technology for separation and purification processes.publishersversionpublishe

Tide and wind coupling in a semienclosed bay driven by coastal upwelling

The Ría de Vigo is a semi-enclosed bay in which tidal residual currents are associated with coastal upwelling events. Both upwelling and downwelling favourable winds generate a bidirectional exchange flow with the shelf – a two-layer circulation with surface waters leaving (entering) the ria and a compensating inflow (outflow) through the bottom layer under upwelling (downwelling) conditions. This vertical circulation changes the vertical density structure inside the ria. In the ria, the tide is mainly semidiurnal (M2, S2 and K2), with some energy in the diurnal band (K1). Our velocity observations show that the vertical structure of the tidal currents in the ria do not exhibit a classic barotropic profile with a bottom boundary layer beneath uniform “free-stream” flow as the tidal bottom boundary layer is affected by stratification. This links tidal circulation to the wind-driven residual circulation, since the latter also greatly helps to control the stratification. We quantify this effect by fitting tidal ellipses to observed velocities through the water column. In addition to this indirect coupling through stratification, there is a direct interaction in which velocities in the upper and bottom layers are best correlated with winds while the mid-water velocities are best correlated with tides. These wind-tide interactions are expected to play a key role in the resuspension and transport of nutrients and phytoplankton in the Ria.CTM2012-3515

Is it possible to diagnose the therapeutic adherence of patients with COPD in clinical practice? A cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Therapeutic adherence of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is poor. It is therefore necessary to determine the magnitude of non-adherence to develop strategies to correct this behaviour. The purpose of this study was to analyse the diagnostic validity of indirect adherence methods.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sample: 195 COPD patients undergoing scheduled inhaled treatment attending 5 Primary Care Centres of Malaga, Spain. Variables: Sociodemographic profile, illness data, spirometry, quality of life (St. George Respiratory Questionnaire: SGRQ), and inhaled medication counting (count of dose/pill or electronic monitoring) were collected. The patient's knowledge of COPD (Batalla test:BT),their attitude towards treatment (Morisky-Green test: MGT) and their self-reported therapeutic adherence (Haynes-Sackett test: HST) were used as methods of evaluating adherence. The follow-up consisted four visits over one year (the recruitment visit: V0; and after 1 month:V1; 6 months:V2; and 1 year:V3).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age was 69.59 (95% CI, 68.29-70.89) years old and 93.8% were male. Other findings included: 85.4% had a low educational level, 23.6% were smokers, 71.5% mild-moderate COPD stage with a FEV1 = 56.86 (SD = 18.85); exacerbations per year = 1.41(95% CI, 1-1.8). The total SGRQ score was 44.96 (95% CI, 42.46-47.46), showing a mild self-perceived impairment in health. The prevalence of adherence (dose/pill count) was 68.1% (95% CI, 60.9-75.3) at V1, 80% (95% CI, 73-87) at V2 and 84% (95% CI, 77.9) at V3. The MGT showed a specificity of 67.34% at V1, 76.19% at V2 and 69.62% at V3. The sensitivity was 53.33% at V1, 66.66% at V2 and 33.33% at V3.The BT showed a specificity of 55.1% at V1, 70.23% at V2 and 67.09% at V3. The sensitivity was 68.88% at V1, 71.43% at V2 and 46.66% at V3. Considering both tests together, the specificity was 86.73% at V1, 94.04% at V2 and 92.49% at V3 and the sensitivity was 37.77% at V1, 47.62% at V2 and 13.3% at V3.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The prevalence of treatment adherence changes over time. Indirect methods (dose/pill count and self-reported) can be useful to detect non-adherence in COPD patients. The combination of MGT and BT is the best approach to test self-reported adherence.</p

Customer values and CSR image in the banking industry.

ABSTRACT: The authors analyse the role that collectivism and novelty seeking play in the formation process of corporate social responsibility (CSR) image in the Spanish banking industry. Two multisampling analyses of a structural equation model are performed on a sample of 1124 customers. The findings of the article allow the authors to anticipate CSR image based on (i) the congruence between the company and its CSR initiatives, (ii) the attribution of motivations for the company to implement CSR and (iii) corporate credibility in developing CSR initiatives. The findings also show that collectivists and innovative customers process information differently to individualists and conservative customers

effect of adding extra virgin olive oil to hair sheep lambs’ diets on productive performance, ruminal fermentation kinetics and rumen ciliate protozoa

Simple Summary: The use of added lipids in the diets of ruminants has been found to have beneficial effects. In this study, the effects of different doses of extra virgin olive oil on the productive traits and ruminal fermentation parameters in lambs were evaluated. The relationship between nutrient intake and digestibility was optimal with 2% oil inclusion. The concentration of propionic acid increased with 2 and 4% DM of olive oil, while butyric acid decreased. The intake of olive oil did not affect the population of protozoa or animal performance. The inclusion of olive oil in low concentrations (2% of DM) positively influences feed intake and nutrient digestibility in hair sheep lambs. Abstract: This study determined productive performance, ruminal fermentation kinetics and rumen ciliate protozoa in hair sheep lambs fed different levels of olive oil. Twenty-four growing lambs were used, with an initial live weight of 10.5 ± 2.9 kg, and randomly assigned into four treatments (six animals per treatment) containing increasing levels of extra virgin olive oil (0, 2, 4 and 6% of dry matter). Animals were fed for 80 days, and sampling was carried out weekly. Intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and metabolizable energy (ME) differed between treatments (p < 0.05), with a linear and cubic tendency to decrease when oil concentrations were increased. Digestibility coefficients of OM, CP and NDF were not affected; however, the relationship between total intake and nutrient digestibility (DM, OM, NDF, ADF) increased with 2% DM olive oil. Compared with all treatments, the concentration of propionic acid increased by 16% with 4% olive oil. The intake of olive oil did not affect the protozoa population and live weight gain. Overall, the inclusion of olive oil in low concentrations (2% of DM) positively influences feed intake and nutrient digestibility in hair sheep lambs

Understanding the key features of the spontaneous formation of bona fde prions through a novel methodology that enables their swift and consistent generation

Among transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases afecting humans, sporadic forms such as spo‑ radic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease are the vast majority. Unlike genetic or acquired forms of the disease, these idiopathic forms occur seemingly due to a random event of spontaneous misfolding of the cellular PrP (PrPC) into the patho‑ genic isoform (PrPSc). Currently, the molecular mechanisms that trigger and drive this event, which occurs in approximately one individual per million each year, remain completely unknown. Modelling this phenomenon in experimental settings is highly challenging due to its sporadic and rare occurrence. Previous attempts to model spontaneous prion misfolding in vitro have not been fully successful, as the spontaneous formation of prions is infre‑ quent and stochastic, hindering the systematic study of the phenomenon. In this study, we present the frst method that consistently induces spontaneous misfolding of recombinant PrP into bona fde prions within hours, providing unprecedented possibilities to investigate the mechanisms underlying sporadic prionopathies. By fne‑tuning the Pro‑ tein Misfolding Shaking Amplifcation method, which was initially developed to propagate recombinant prions, we have created a methodology that consistently produces spontaneously misfolded recombinant prions in 100% of the cases. Furthermore, this method gives rise to distinct strains and reveals the critical infuence of charged sur‑ faces in this process.The present work was partially funded by three different grants awarded by “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” (Spanish Government), grant numbers PID2021-122201OB-C21, PID2021-1222010B-C22 and PID2020-117465GB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), grant number AC21_2/00024. Additionally, CIC bioGUNE currently holds a Severo Ochoa Excellence accreditation, CEX2021-001136-S, also funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio