1,720 research outputs found
Yesterday, today and tomorrow: A perspective of CFD at NASA's Ames Research Center
The opportunity to reflect on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) progam at the NASA Ames Research Center (its beginning, its present state, and its direction for the future) is afforded. Essential elements of the research program during each period are reviewed, including people, facilities, and research problems. The burgeoning role that CFD is playing in the aerospace business is discussed, as is the necessity for validated CFD tools. The current aeronautical position of this country is assessed, as are revolutionary goals to help maintain its aeronautical supremacy in the world
Progress and future directions in computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has made great strides in the detailed simulation of complex fluid flows, including the fluid physics of flows heretofore not understood. It is now being routinely applied to some rather complicated problems, and starting to impact the design cycle of aerospace vehicles and their components. In addition, it is being used to complement and is being complemented by experimental studies. In this paper some major elements of contemporary CFD research, such as code validation, turbulence physics, and hypersonic flows are discussed, along with a review of the principal pacing items that currently govern CFD. Several examples are presented to illustrate the current state of the art. Finally, prospects for the future of the development and application of CFD are suggested
The State of State Science Standards 2012
American science performance is lagging as the economy becomes increasingly high tech, but our current science standards are doing little to solve the problem. Reviewers evaluated science standards for every state for this report and their findings were deeply troubling: The majority of states earned Ds or Fs for their standards in this crucial subject, with only six jurisdictions receiving As. Explore all the state report cards and see how your state performed
Extinction by Miscalculation:
Species at Risk Act, Sakinaw sockeye, Cultus sockeye, fisheries management, extinction.
Collapse of an ecological network in Ancient Egypt
The dynamics of ecosystem collapse are fundamental to determining how and why
biological communities change through time, as well as the potential effects of
extinctions on ecosystems. Here we integrate depictions of mammals from
Egyptian antiquity with direct lines of paleontological and archeological
evidence to infer local extinctions and community dynamics over a 6000-year
span. The unprecedented temporal resolution of this data set enables
examination of how the tandem effects of human population growth and climate
change can disrupt mammalian communities. We show that the extinctions of
mammals in Egypt were nonrandom, and that destabilizing changes in community
composition coincided with abrupt aridification events and the attendant
collapses of some complex societies. We also show that the roles of species in
a community can change over time, and that persistence is predicted by measures
of species sensitivity, a function of local dynamic stability. Our study is the
first high-resolution analysis of the ecological impacts of environmental
change on predator-prey networks over millennial timescales, and sheds light on
the historical events that have shaped modern animal communities
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