3,062 research outputs found
Prediction of biopore- and matrix-dominated flow from X-ray CT-derived macropore network characteristics
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Mach's Principle and Model for a Broken Symmetric Theory of Gravity
We investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in a conformally invariant
gravitational model. In particular, we use a conformally invariant scalar
tensor theory as the vacuum sector of a gravitational model to examine the idea
that gravitational coupling may be the result of a spontaneous symmetry
breaking. In this model matter is taken to be coupled with a metric which is
different but conformally related to the metric appearing explicitly in the
vacuum sector. We show that after the spontaneous symmetry breaking the
resulting theory is consistent with Mach's principle in the sense that inertial
masses of particles have variable configurations in a cosmological context.
Moreover, our analysis allows to construct a mechanism in which the resulting
large vacuum energy density relaxes during evolution of the universe.Comment: 9 pages, no figure
Preconditioning in globally ischemic isolated rat hearts: effect on function and metabolic indices of myocardial damage
We assessed the effects of ischemic preconditioning on heart recovery and
metabolic indices of damage following global ischemia and reperfusion, in
relationship to post-ischemic lactate release. Three groups of Langendorff
rat hearts were studied: (1) A control group of 40 min global ischemia and
45 min reperfusion; (2) preconditioning by 5 min global ischemia and 15
min reperfusion prior to sustained ischemia and reperfusion; (3)
Preconditioning by three episodes of brief ischemia-re
Predicting disclosure and help-seeking in university students with psychosocial problems based on stigma and attitudes towards disclosure and help-seeking
Despite high prevalence of mental health problems among university students, thereâs a gap between the need for help and the actual treatment received. This study investigated disclosure on distress and hazardous alcohol use and help-seeking behavior in a sample of 1,791 students of a Dutch university of applied sciences. Studentsâ perceived public and personal stigma, and attitudes towards disclosure and help-seeking were assessed as possible predictors of disclosure and help-seeking behavior. Results of the analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis indicated that perceived public and personal stigma did not predict disclosure and helpseeking behavior, but that attitudes towards disclosure and help-seeking did. Students with both distress and hazardous alcohol use have the least tendency to disclose their problems to family, friends or classmates, but at the same time they do tend to seek help. Disclosure and seeking help for mental health challenges are health promoting competencies that seem to need more attention in university students. Although further research needs to validate these findings, it is recommended to promote disclosure and help-seeking among students by investing in mental health literacy programs, to educate students about mental health issues, raise awareness on available mental health services and their potential benefits
The relationship between mental disorders and actual and desired subjective social status
Mental disorders are associated with lower subjective social status (SSS), but a more nuanced understanding of this relationship is needed. We examined the influence of disorder age of onset and recency on SSS and studied whether mental disorders are also associated with the discrepancy between actual and desired SSS.Method Data are from the baseline and second wave of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2). Mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), while both actual and desired SSS were assessed with a ten-rung ladder. Linear regression was used to examine the association between mental disorders and SSS.Results Of 5303 participants, 2237 had a lifetime mental disorder at baseline. These participants reported significantly lower actual SSS (6.28) at follow-up than healthy participants (6.66, B = -0.38 [95% CI -0.48 to -0.27], p < 0.001) and a significantly greater actual-desired SSS discrepancy (1.14 v. 1.05 after controlling for actual SSS, B = 0.09 [0.01-0.17], p = 0.024). Lower age of onset of the first mental disorder was marginally significantly associated with lower actual SSS (B = 0.006 [0.000-0.012], p = 0.046). More recent disorders were also associated with lower actual SSS (B = 0.015 [0.005-0.026], p = 0.005), such that participants whose disorder remitted a â„6 years before baseline were statistically indistinguishable from healthy participants.Conclusions Lifetime mental disorders are associated with lower actual SSS and a slightly greater discrepancy between actual and desired SSS. However, people with mental disorders in (long-term) remission have a similar social status as healthy participants
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