Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa - one year study in tertiary care center in Tamil Nadu, India

Background: Obstetric hemorrhage is one of the most dangerous and devasting group of disorders in Obstetrics of which placenta previa contributes 1/5th of the cases. The aim of this study was to analyze the obstetrical factors and the maternal and perinatal outcome of these cases.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Thanjavur Medical College Hospital, Thanjavur from August 2014 - July 2015. Chart records of all women who had undergone cesarean section for placenta previa were reviewed. Relevant clinical findings were noted.Results: In the present study, 134 cases of placenta previa were studied regarding type of clinical presentation, clinical course, maternal and perinatal outcome. Information obtained was arranged statistically. A placenta previa case was highest in the age group 20-29 years (79.85%) and in multiparous group (63.43%). Most common risk factor was previous cesarean section (39.5%) followed by abortion in 24.6%. Major degree of placenta previa constitutes 69.4% i.e., majority of cases and minor degree constitutes 30.59% of cases. In the present study massive blood transfusion was required in 0.04% of all cases, adherent placenta previa in 1.9%, 12.68% required hysterectomy. Perinatal morbidity was 25.92% and perinatal mortality incidence was 16.41%. Prematurity contributed the most 63.6% followed by RDS about 4.58%. Newborn with weight above 2 kg has very good survival rates, whereas newborn with weight <1 kg has poor survival rates.Conclusions: Placenta previa poses danger to both the mother and the baby with high maternal morbidity and adverse perinatal outcome

IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIULCER ACTIVITY BY INSILICO METHOD IN SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS

Ulcer occurs when stomach acid damages the lining of the digestive tract caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori. Many pharmacological activities such as antiulcer activity can act against ulcer. Medicinal plants like Mimosa pudica and Vachellia nilotica has the antiulcer activity in a wide range. To study the antiulcer activity in medicinal plants using insilco studies by comparing the phytocompounds of plants with histamine 2 receptor as a binding protein, which is present in the stomach lining of homosapiens. Histamine 2 receptor was modelled using Swiss model and the ligand structures are obtained from PUB-CHEM, viewed easily via PYMOL. All the phytocompounds showed good binding energy with modelled protein on the docking methodology. Specifically ascorbic acid exhibited the lower binding energy of value -3.24 kcal/mol, indole and catechin shows highest binding energy of value -4.99 kcal/mol and -4.98 kacl/mol respectively. The results can be useful for the design and development of phytocompounds having better inhibitory activity against several types of ulcer

6. Occipitalization of Atlas: A case report.

Occipitalization of atlas is an osseous anomaly of the cranio-vertebral junction which occurs at the base of the skull in the region of the foramen magnum due to failure of segmentation and separation of the most caudal occipital sclerotome and the first cervical sclerotome during the first few weeks of foetal life. Atlas is the first cervical vertebra and the atlanto-occipital joint belongs to ellipsoid variety of synovial joints. It does not have a body like other vertebrae. Rarely, it gets occipitalized, where the lateral masses of the atlas vertebra fuse with the condyles of the occipital bone. One skull showing Occipitalization of Atlas was observed in the Department of Anatomy, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The knowledge of such a fusion may be of importance for radiologists, anaesthesiologists, orthopaedic and neurosurgeons because skeletal abnormalities at the cranio-cervical junction may result in sudden unexpected death. It can result in dysphagia, dysarthria or torticollis because of compression of cranial nerves. They should be aware that such an anomaly may exist without any typical symptomatic presentation, and thus, serious consequences of upper cervical spinal manipulative therapy may arise when a complete and adequate clinical assessment is missed