104 research outputs found
Leibnizian, Galilean and Newtonian structures of spacetime
The following three geometrical structures on a manifold are studied in
detail: (1) Leibnizian: a non-vanishing 1-form plus a Riemannian
metric \h on its annhilator vector bundle. In particular, the possible
dimensions of the automorphism group of a Leibnizian G-structure are
characterized. (2) Galilean: Leibnizian structure endowed with an affine
connection (gauge field) which parallelizes and \h. Fixed
any vector field of observers Z (), an explicit Koszul--type
formula which reconstruct bijectively all the possible 's from the
gravitational and vorticity fields
(plus eventually the torsion) is provided. (3) Newtonian: Galilean structure
with \h flat and a field of observers Z which is inertial (its flow preserves
the Leibnizian structure and ). Classical concepts in Newtonian
theory are revisited and discussed.Comment: Minor errata corrected, to appear in J. Math. Phys.; 22 pages
including a table, Late
Decision Support for Redesigning Wastewater Treatment Technologies
This paper offers a methodology for structuring the design space for innovative process engineering technology development. The methodology is exemplified in the evaluation of a wide variety of treatment technologies for source-separated domestic wastewater within the scope of the Reinvent the Toilet Challenge. It offers a methodology for narrowing down the decision-making field based on a strict interpretation of treatment objectives for undiluted urine and dry feces and macroenvironmental factors (STEEPLED analysis) which influence decision criteria. Such an evaluation identifies promising paths for technology development such as focusing on space-saving processes or the need for more innovation in low-cost, energy-efficient urine treatment methods. Critical macroenvironmental factors, such as housing density, transportation infrastructure, and climate conditions were found to affect technology decisions regarding reactor volume, weight of outputs, energy consumption, atmospheric emissions, investment cost, and net revenue. The analysis also identified a number of qualitative factors that should be carefully weighed when pursuing technology development; such as availability of O&M resources, health and safety goals, and other ethical issues. Use of this methodology allows for coevolution of innovative technology within context constraints; however, for full-scale technology choices in the field, only very mature technologies can be evaluated
Mass of Colored Black Holes
New results pertaining to colored static black hole solutions to the
Einstein-Yang-Mills equations are obtained. The isolated horizons framework is
used to define the concept of Hamiltonian Horizon Mass of the black hole. An
unexpected relation between the ADM and Horizon masses of the black hole
solution with the ADM mass of the corresponding Bartnik-McKinnon soliton is
found. These results can be generalized to other non-linear theories and they
suggest a general testing bed for the instability of the corresponding hairy
black holes.Comment: 8 pages, no figures, Revtex file. Minor changes made to clarify some
formulas. References updated. Final version to appear in PRD/15
Slowly Rotating Non-Abelian Black Holes
It is shown that the well-known non-Abelian static SU(2) black hole solutions
have rotating generalizations, provided that the hypothesis of linearization
stability is accepted. Surprisingly, this rotating branch has an asymptotically
Abelian gauge field with an electric charge that cannot vanish, although the
non-rotating limit is uncharged. We argue that this may be related to our
second finding, namely that there are no globally regular slowly rotating
excitations of the particle-like Bartnik-McKinnon solutions.Comment: 8 pages, LaTe
Particle-Like Solutions of the Einstein-Dirac Equations
The coupled Einstein-Dirac equations for a static, spherically symmetric
system of two fermions in a singlet spinor state are derived. Using numerical
methods, we construct an infinite number of soliton-like solutions of these
equations. The stability of the solutions is analyzed. For weak coupling (i.e.,
small rest mass of the fermions), all the solutions are linearly stable (with
respect to spherically symmetric perturbations), whereas for stronger coupling,
both stable and unstable solutions exist. For the physical interpretation, we
discuss how the energy of the fermions and the (ADM) mass behave as functions
of the rest mass of the fermions. Although gravitation is not renormalizable,
our solutions of the Einstein-Dirac equations are regular and well-behaved even
for strong coupling.Comment: 31 pages, LaTeX, 21 PostScript figures, some references adde
Black holes have no short hair
We show that in all theories in which black hole hair has been discovered,
the region with non-trivial structure of the non-linear matter fields must
extend beyond 3/2 the horizon radius, independently of all other parameters
present in the theory. We argue that this is a universal lower bound that
applies in every theory where hair is present. This {\it no short hair
conjecture} is then put forward as a more modest alternative to the original
{\it no hair conjecture}, the validity of which now seems doubtful.Comment: Published in Physical Review Letters, 13 pages in Late
Non-commuting coordinates, exotic particles, & anomalous anyons in the Hall effect
Our previous ``exotic'' particle, together with the more recent anomalous
anyon model (which has arbitrary gyromagnetic factor ) are reviewed. The
non-relativistic limit of the anyon generalizes the exotic particle which has
to any .When put into planar electric and magnetic fields, the Hall
effect becomes mandatory for all , when the field takes some critical
value.Comment: A new reference added. Talk given by P. Horvathy at the International
Workshop "Nonlinear Physics: Theory and Experiment. III. July'04, Gallipoli
(Lecce, Italy). To be published in Theor. Math. Phys. Latex 9 pages, no
figure
A Mass Formula for EYM Solitons
The Isolated Horizon formalism, together with a simple phenomenological model
for colored black holes was recently used to predict a formula for the ADM mass
of the solitons of the EYM system in terms of horizon properties of black holes
{\it for all} values of the horizon area. In this note, this formula is tested
numerically --up to a large value of the area-- for spherically symmetric
solutions and shown to yield the known masses of the solitonsComment: 8 pages, 1 table, no figures. Revtex file. Revised file. Added
reference
Internal Structure of Einstein-Yang-Mills Black Holes
It is shown that a generic black hole solution of the SU(2)
Einstein-Yang-Mills equations develops a new type of an infinitely oscillating
behavior near the singularity. Only for certain discrete values of the event
horizon radius exceptional solutions exist, possessing an inner structure of
the Schwarzschild or Reissner-Nordstrom type.Comment: 4.5 LaTeX pages, 8 eps figures, uses RevTeX, boxedeps.tex. 4 more
typos fixed, a footnote adde
A simple theorem to generate exact black hole solutions
Under certain conditions imposed on the energy-momentum tensor, a theorem
that characterizes a two-parameter family of static and spherically symmetric
solutions to Einstein's field equations (black holes), is proved. A discussion
on the asymptotics, regularity, and the energy conditions is provided. Examples
that include the best known exact solutions within these symmetries are
considered. A trivial extension of the theorem includes the cosmological
constant {\it ab-initio}, providing then a three-parameter family of solutions.Comment: 14 pages; RevTex; no figures; typos corrected; references adde
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