The Preparation of Liposomes Derived From Mixed Micelles of Lecithin Added by Sodium Cholate, Followed by Dialysing Using Hemoflow High Flux F60S

Liposomes are used for drug carriers meaning that drugs are incorporated in the membrane or the vesicle of the liposomes. In this study, liposomes were prepared from mixed micelles, consisting of phosphatidylcholine, without or with cholesterol and sodium cholate was added in several ratios namely 0.44; 0.55; 0.63; 0.70; 0.90 and 1.10. After the preparation, the sodium cholate has been removed by a dialysis membrane, using the Hemoflow High Flux, which is generally used for haemodialysis. The Hemoflow High Flux is a tool in an effort to obtain a simple, quick, effective method for removing sodium cholate in the process of preparing liposomes. The effectiveness of this tool was proved by the particle size of the liposome which was measured by the Malvern Particle Sizer. The particle size of the liposome consisting of phosphatidylcholine (PC) without cholesterol and with cholesterol was 63-68 nm at all ratios and approximately 125 nm at the ratio of 0.55; 0.63; 0.70, respectively. The particle size of the liposome tended to be smaller after dialyzing, although the concentration of lipids tended to increase. However, a large amount of buffer solution has to be used with this method

Tata Kelola Inovasi Pembelajaran untuk Sekolah Menengah Atas

.Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) berinovasi menciptakan pembelajaran yang efektif, efisien dan berkualitas. Unsur tata kelola pembelajaran harus disesuaikan dengan kemampuan sekolah dan sumber daya manusia yang dimilikinya untuk dapat melakukan perencanaan, pengarahan, pelaksanaan, pengorganisasian dan pengawasan untuk menjalankan prinsip tata kelola. Prinsip tata kelola yang lazim dikembangkan dalam suatu organisasi yaitu transparansi, partisipasi, akuntabilitas dan koordinasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder secara representatif dengan menetapkan tiga SMA unggulan dan tiga SMA binaan. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan metode representatif melalui wawancara dengan jumlah informan 12 orang. Data penelitian disajikan berdasarkan data sekunder yang telah diolah oleh masing-masing sekolah kemudian dikonfromotir kepada informan kunci dan inti yang mampu menjelaskan tata kelola inovasi pembelajaran untuk SMA. Tahapan dalam analisis data ditempuh langkah-langkah: (1) reduksi data, yaitu membuat abstraksi atau rangkuman; (2) penyajian data yaitu dengan mengambil yang pokok-pokok namun dapat dijamin kesahihannya; dan (3) kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa: 1) manajemen sekolah berperan penting dalam mewujudkan tata kelola yang baik dalam meningkatkan inovasi pembelajaran; 2) penerapan fungsi manajemen yang terencana, terarah, terlaksana, terkoordinasi dan terawasi menentukan pelaksanaan tata kelola yang transparan, partisipasi, akuntabel dan terkoordinasi; dan 3) penerapan manajemen sekolah yang berbasis tata kelola menghasilkan inovasi pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan, integrasi, aplikasi, aktivasi dan demonstrasi

Using Digital Storytelling-photostory Computer Application to Increase the Speaking Ability of the First Year Students of Smk Darel Hikmah Pekanbaru

The aim of this research is to improve the speaking ability of the first year students by using Digital Storytelling-Photostory Computer Application in comprehending the descriptive texts. This is an experimental research with one pre-post test design. The population of the research is the first year students of SMK Darel Hikmah Pekanbaru with 21 samples. To collect the data, the writer administered the pre test, treatments, and the post test at end of the session. In analyzing the data, the t- test formula was used to determine whether the technique applied can significantly increase the students' speaking ability. From the data collected, it can be seen that the average score of pre test is 64.6. Upon the implementation of digital storytelling, there is a significant increase on students' scores. It can be seen from the result of post-test. The average score of the post-test is 76.8. The score also reveals that the students have achieved the minimum mastery criteria required by the school. To sum up, digital storytelling-photostory computer application has significantly increase the speaking ability of the first year students of SMK Darel Hikmah Pekanbaru

Pola Komunikasi Mahasiswa dalam Penggunaan Smartphone (Studi pada Mahasiswa Marketing Communication Fek Binus University)

This research aimed to identify and know the pattern of smartphone USAge among university students and pattern of communication they are doing with the smartphone. Quantitative research was used in this study, with descriptive design. Survey was conducted as data collecting method by distributing questionnaires to students of Marketing Communication (Marcomm) department, Faculty of Economic and Communication (FEK), Binus University. As a result, there were 134 questionnaires that can be proceed for data analysis. Sampling technique used in the research was simple random sampling. Since the research used descriptive design, thus the data analysis technique was descriptive statistics. The research is only limited to study the pattern of smartphone USAge and pattern of communication among students of Marcomm department, FEK, Binus University, with their smartphone. Given the fact that smartphone has changed people's behavior in communicating with others, it can be useful for example in developing appealing learning plan in education field, especially for youth. The function of mobile phone has undergone a rapid change with the existence of smartphone. With smartphone, one cannot only perform the traditional types of communication (phone or sms), but also go beyond that. This is due to the features provided by the smartphone which indeed accommodate the person's needs to communicate each other more than just phone calls. Additionally, with the presence of Internet which has made the smartphone becoming inseparable with human's life, since it integrates all medium and activities of communication into a single gadget. Smartphone has been proved to change the people's habit in communicating each other and caused people's dependency on the presence of this medium

Pengaruh Tata Ruang Kelas dan Media Visual terhadap Minat Belajar Fisika Peserta Didik Kelas VIII MTs Madani Alauddin Paopao

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pengaruh tata ruang kelas dan media visual terhadap minat belajar fisika peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Madani Alauddin Paopao. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Madani Alauddin Pao-pao sebanyak 49 orang dan sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 49 orang. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi untuk penataan ruang kelas dan media visual dan angket untuk minat belajar fisika. Data tersebut kemudian di analisis dengan menggunakan regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis deskriptif diperoleh skor rata-rata tata ruang kelas adalah 62 termasuk dalam kategori cukup dan skor rata-rata penggunaan media visual adalah 56 termasuk dalam kategori cukup,serta skor rata-rata minat belajar fisika adalah 61 termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Adapun hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan nilai Fhitung adalah 585,9 sedangkan Ftabel pada taraf signifikansi 5% adalah 3,20. Dengan demikian, nilai Fhitung lebih besar dari pada nilai Ftabel dan hipotesis nol ditolak, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara tata ruang kelas dan media visual teradap minat belajar fisika peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Madani Alauddin Paopao

Pengaruh Paraquat Dan Kelengasan Terhadap Dinamika Nitrogen Pada Vertisol = Influence of Paraquat and Moisture Contents on The Dynamic of Nitrogen in Vertisol

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of paraquat and moisture contents on the dynamics of nitrogen in Vertisol from Lombok Island. Research was done in Laboratory of the General Soil Science and Central Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Gadjah Mada University. Pot experiment were arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with three replications. The first factor was level of moisture contents namely field capacity and flooded at 5 cm. The second factor was paraquat concentration with three levels of 0,100 and 1000 ppm. The treatments were incubated within 90 days at room temperature. Periodically, every 10 days, the soil chemical properties were analyzed especially its nitrogen compounds\u27 content. The results showed that interaction between of paraquat and moisture contents significantly influenced NH4* concentrations. The highest treatment of paraquat and flooded condition soil enhanced NH4* contents in vetisol. Nitrate (NO3) contents was influenced significantly by moisture contents. The low oxygen concentration in flooded water inhibited biooxidation of NH4* (nitrification). However, paraquat concentration was not influenced NO.\u27 concentration. It was suggested that paraquat tightly bound to montmorillonite clay of Vertisol. Therefore, the bioavailability of residual paraquat in vertisol was very low. Keywords: paraquat - moisture contens -amonium - nitrate vertiso

Covid-19 and firm performance in relation to level of income and investment - a study in Indonesia and Singapore

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on firms’ performance. The impacts are also observed on firms in different industries, income and investment levels. This study employed sample of all non-financial firms in Indonesia and Singapore during the 2018-2020 period. The ordinary least square, fixed effect, and random effect models are adopted to test the hypotheses using the panel data. The results of the study showed that, generally, Covid-19 had a negative effect on firms’ performance in Indonesia and Singapore. The Indonesian firms with higher level of income got less severe Covid-19 effect on their performance. However, the level of investment strengthened the negative effect of Covid-19 on firm performance in both countries’ sample. In addition, the study documented that the effects of covid-19 were varied across the industry sectors

Pengaruh Kegiatan Pengembangan Diri Guru Dan Supervisi Pengawas Mata Pelajaran Terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri Di Kecamatan Lubuk Sikaping

Hasil pengamatan penulis di beberapa SMP negeri di Kecamatan Lubuk Sikaping mengindikasikan belum maksimalnya kinerja guru. Indikasinya adalah: (1) guru belum mempersiapkan perangkat pembelajaran, (2)terlambat,(3)pelaksanaan pembelajaran belum efektif, (4) alat evaluasi tanpa perencanaan dan penyusunan yang baik, (5) pengolahan data hasil evaluasi umumnya tidak jelas,(6) belum adanya program perbaikan dan pengayaan, dan (7) pengadministrasian hasil evaluasi umumnya tidak tertata dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan: (1) pengaruh kegiatan pengembangan diri guru terhadap kinerja guru, (2) pengaruh supervisi pengawas mata pelajaran terhadap kinerja guru, dan (3) pengaruh kegiatan pengembangan diri guru dan supervisi pengawas mata pelajaran secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru. Populasi penelitian ini adalah guru SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Lubuk Sikaping, Kabupaten Pasaman,dengan jumlah 174 orang. Penyampelan menggunakan teknik proportional sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 53 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan angket model skala Likert. Data dianalisis dengan teknik korelasi, regresi sederhana, dan regresi ganda. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ketiga hipotesis yang diajukan telah teruji pada taraf signifikansi <a=0,05 (kepercayaan 95%). Kegiatan pengembangan diri guru berpengaruh 8,3% terhadap kinerja guru. Supervisi pengawas mata pelajaran berpengaruh 7,5% terhadap kinerja guru. Kegiatan pengembangan diri guru dan supervisi pengawas mata pelajaran secara bersama-sama berpengaruh 12, 1 % terhadap kinerja guru. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kegiatan pengembangan diri guru dan supervisi pengawas mata pelajaran berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Lubuk Sikaping Kabupaten Pasaman Untuk itu, guru hendaknya mengembangkan dirinya secara optimal dan berkelanjutan melalui berbagai program kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan tugas guru dengan mengacu pada standar proses dan standar penilaian. Selain itu, pengawas mata pelajaran perlu mengintensifkan pelaksanaan supervisi. Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan supervsi terhadap para guru,pengawas mata pelajaran perlu menerapkan prinsip-prinsip supervisi dengan baik sehingga pelaksanaan supervisi dapat berjalan dengan harmonis