The Jakarta Charter in Post-soeharto Indonesia: Political Thoughts of the Elites in Muhammadiyah

Sebagai negara muslim terbesar di dunia, sejumlah gerakan Islam di Indonesia meyakini bahwa Piagam Jakarta merupakan jalan terbaik untuk mewujudukan syariat Islam karena nilai sejarah yang mulia dalam piagam tersebut. Namun, misi tersebut belum tercapai karena mayoritas kelompok dan kekuatan politik Muslim beranggapan bahwa Piagam Jakarta sudah tidak relevan lagi dengan kondisi saat ini. Tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis pemikiran politik para elite Muhammadiyah, organisasi Islam moderat yang paling berpengaruh di Indonesia, terhadap gagasan pembentukan syariat Islam dengan menerapkan Piagam Jakarta sebagai prinsip negara selama masa transisi terutama seputar Sidang Tahunan MPR RI 1999–2002. Para elite Muhammadiyah memiliki peranan penting dalam menentukan dinamika politik di masa kini dan mendatang. Oleh karena itu, menguraikan pemikiranpemikiran merupakan hal yang menarik. Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga model pemikiran politik di Muhammadiyah, yaitu moderat-transformatif, moderat-realistis, dan akomodatif-pragmatis. Masingmasing pemikiran memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda, namun satu hal yang pasti adalah bahwa tidak ada elite Muhammadiyah yang mendukung gagasan negara Islam

Height growth of solutions and a discrete Painlev\'e equation

Consider the discrete equation $$y_{n+1}+y_{n-1}=\frac{a_n+b_ny_n+c_ny_n^2}{1-y_n^2},$$ where the right side is of degree two in $y_n$ and where the coefficients $a_n$, $b_n$ and $c_n$ are rational functions of $n$ with rational coefficients. Suppose that there is a solution such that for all sufficiently large $n$, $y_n\in\mathbb{Q}$ and the height of $y_n$ dominates the height of the coefficient functions $a_n$, $b_n$ and $c_n$. We show that if the logarithmic height of $y_n$ grows no faster than a power of $n$ then either the equation is a well known discrete Painlev\'e equation ${\rm dP}_{\!\rm II}$ or its autonomous version or $y_n$ is also an admissible solution of a discrete Riccati equation. This provides further evidence that slow height growth is a good detector of integrability.Comment: 26 page

First Results of the Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay with the NEMO 3 Detector

The NEMO 3 detector, which has been operating in the Frejus underground laboratory since February 2003, is devoted to the search for neutrinoless double beta decay (bb0nu). Half-lives of the two neutrino double beta decays (bb2nu) have been measured for 100Mo and 82Se. After 389 effective days of data collection from February 2003 until September 2004 (Phase I), no evidence for neutrinoless double beta decay was found from ~7kg of 100Mo and ~1 kg of 82Se. The corresponding lower limits for the half-lives are 4.6 x 10^23 years for 100Mo and 1.0 x10^23 years for 82Se (90% C.L.). Depending on the nuclear matrix elements calculation, limits for the effective Majorana neutrino mass are < 1.7-4.9 eV for 82Se

A Muslim Perspective of Leadership – Insights from Oman

This paper presents a Muslim perspective of leadership as viewed from observing leaders in Muscat, Oman – the capital city of the Middle East country that has grown at the rate of just under 4% per year since 2000 and is awash with residents from places throughout the world. With this rate of growth and rich diversity, leadership designed to make an equitable impact is required to govern

Echos of the liquid-gas phase transition in multifragmentation

A general discussion is made concerning the ways in which one can get signatures about a possible liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter. Microcanonical temperature, heat capacity and second order derivative of the entropy versus energy formulas have been deduced in a general case. These formulas are {\em exact}, simply applicable and do not depend on any model assumption. Therefore, they are suitable to be applied on experimental data. The formulas are tested in various situations. It is evidenced that when the freeze-out constraint is of fluctuating volume type the deduced (heat capacity and second order derivative of the entropy versus energy) formulas will prompt the spinodal region through specific signals. Finally, the same microcanonical formulas are deduced for the case when an incomplete number of fragments per event are available. These formulas could overcome the freeze-out backtracking deficiencies.Comment: accepted to Nuclear Physics