Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Alun-alun Kota Bandung sebagai Ruang Terbuka Publik

Bandung merupakan sebuah kota yang strategis yang memiliki nilai sejarah yang cukup panjang dalam masa perjuangan. Alun alun Bandung merupakan hasil warisan ciri kota tradisional yang dibangun oleh penguasa kolonial yang merupakan pusat ruang terbuka kota. Dari masa kemasa Alun-alun kota Bandung telah mengalami beberapa kali Perubahan, baik bentuk maupun fungsinya sehingga mengakibatkan degradasi makna terhadap fungsinya bagi masyarakat Kota Bandung itu sendiri. Maka fenomena tersebut mengarahkan kepada pertanyaan penelitian yaitu bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap Alun-alun Kota Bandung ditinjau sebagai ruang terbuka publik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat terhadap Alun-alun Kota Bandung. Dari tujuan tersebut maka sasaran yang dilakukan adalah mengidentifikasi karakter dan fungsi ruang terbuka publik yaitu fungsi ekologis, arsitektural, dan sosial. Dari hasil analisis dengan menggunakan kuesioner yaitu uji sampel dengan regresi linear sederhana dengan pendekatan analisis pengguna dan analisis karakteristik ruang terbuka publik. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan penilaian baik terhadap korelasi variabel bebas yaitu persepsi masyarakat terhadap variabel terikat yaitu Alun-alun Kota Bandung, setiap kali pertanyaan yang berkenaan dengan Persepsi masyarakat terhadap Alun-alun Kota Bandung akan mempengaruhi nilai hasil pengujian yang cenderung meningkat akan keberadaan Alun-alun itu sendiri. Hasil penelitian ini bisa dimanfaatkan untuk mengangkat kembali citra Alun-alun Kota Bandung sebagai ruang publik atau (Central Square).[Public Perception of The Alun-alun Bandung as Public Open Space] Bandung is a city that has a value that strategic long history in the struggle. Alun Bandung square is the result of inherited traits of traditional town built by the colonial rulers which is the center of the city open space. Over time, Bandung town square has undergone several changes, both form and function, resulting in degradation of the meaning of the function for the city of London itself. The phenomenon then leads to the research question is how the public perception of the square is the city of Bandung reviewed as public open space for the present study tries to analyze the function of the existence of Bandung City Square as a public space. The purpose of this study was to determine the public perception of the square is the city of Bandung. From these objectives, the target does is identify the character and function of public open space that is the function of ecological, architectural and social. From the analysis by using a questionnaire that test samples with a simple linear regression analysis approach and analysis of the characteristics of users of public open space. The results of this study resulted in better assessment of the correlation of the independent variable is the public perception of the dependent variable is the town square of Bandung, every time queries regarding the public\u27s perception of the town square Bandung will affect the value of the test results are likely to increase in the existence Square itself. the results of this study can be used to lift the image of Bandung city square as a public space or (Central Square)

Test of Perfomance ERK Hybrid Dryer with Biomass Furnace as Additional Heating System for Nutmeg Seed (Myristica SP.) Drying

Conventional drying depend on the weather. It was caused agricultural product damaged, and moldy attack. So we need hybrid dryer with a source of radiation and solar biomass to continuous drying and can be controlled.The aims of this research is test performance of ERK hybrid dryer to drying the nutmeg seed during the drying process. Experiments were conducted to determine the distribution of temperature in the dryer in condition with no material and material conditions. Input of energy derived from biomass combustion in the furnace (evening) and combination of biomass and radiation (during the day). Measurements of temperature and RH using a thermocouple CC and alcohol thermometer. Temperature and RH to be measured include temperature and RH in dryer with several measurement points representing the up, middle , bottom and inlet temperature, outlet temperature and ambient temperature measurements at intervals of 30 minutes. The results showed average temperature ranges between 42 ° C - 51 ° C and RH ranged between 50.96 % -55.65 % . Time of drying is used to dry nutmeg from the initial moisture content from 80.72 % wb to 9.67 % wb is 52 hours with an average drying rate is 7.8 % db / hour . The total energy used to heat and vaporize materials,water that is 290 499.9 kJ. Efficiency of drying system 8.63% and energy of drying required to water evaporated is 28520.62 kJ / kg. The result quality of product obtained color of nutmeg generally more uniform

Reagents and conditions.

<p>(a) HNO₃, AcOH, 40°C, 2 h; (b) NH₂NH₂·H₂O, FeCl₃, activated carbon, MeOH, reflux, 1 h; (c) i) NaNO₂, HCl, H₂O, 0–4°C; ii) SnCl₂·2H₂O, HCl; (d) I) ethyl acetate, Na, reflux, 1 h; II) ethyl propionate, Na, reflux, 1h; III) ethyl butanoate, Na, reflux, 1 h; (e) KNO₃, H₂SO₄, 0°C, 3 h; (f) <b>12</b>, NaOAc, EtOH, reflux, 2 h; (g) POCl₃, DMF, 0–60°C, 3 h; (h) NaBH₄, MeOH, r.t., 2 h; (i) NBS, CCl₄, 1.5 h.</p

Dose-response effects of CA-4 (1), 7i and 7k on the inhibition of tubulin polymerization.

<p>Purified bovine tubulin and GTP were mixed in a 96-well plate. The reaction was initiated by warming the solution from 4°C to 37°C. DMSO was used as a vehicle control. The effect on the assembly of tubulin was monitored using a plate reader at 1 min intervals for 90 min at 37°C.</p

Immunostaining of tubulin assembly in HT-1080 cells.

<p>HT-1080 cells were treated with <b>7k</b> (0.18 μM) for 48 h (scale bar = 10 μm). The left, middle and right panels represent tubulin assembly stained with FITC, DAPI and a merge of the corresponding left and middle panels, respectively. Images were taken using a confocal microscope.</p

Reagents and conditions.

<p>(a) MeLi, THF, -20°C, 3 h; (b) ethyl acetate, Na, reflux, 1 h; (c) i) NaNO₂, HCl, H₂O, 0–4°C; ii) SnCl₂·2H₂O, HCl; (d) <b>16</b>, NaOAc, EtOH, reflux, 2 h.</p

Structures of the synthesized pyrazole derivatives.

<p>Structures of the synthesized pyrazole derivatives.</p

Immunostaining of tubulin assembly in SGC-7901 cells.

<p>SGC-7901 cells were treated with <b>7k</b> (0.14 μM) for 48 h (scale bar = 10 μm). The left, middle and right panels represent the tubulin assembly stained with FITC, DAPI and a merge of the corresponding left and middle panels, respectively. Images were taken using a confocal microscope.</p

Antiproliferative activity of compounds 7a-s, 8a-i and CA-4 (1).

<p>^a IC₅₀: Concentration of the compound (μM) producing 50% cell growth inhibition after 72 h of drug exposure, as determined by the MTT assay. Each experiment was carried out in triplicate. ^b Used as a positive control.</p><p>Antiproliferative activity of compounds 7a-s, 8a-i and CA-4 (1).</p

Synthesis and Bioevaluation of 3,6-Diaryl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‑<i>b</i>] Pyridazines as Antitubulin Agents

A series of 3,6-diaryl-[1,2,4]­triazolo­[4,3-<i>b</i>]­pyridazines were designed as a class of vinylogous CA-4 analogues. The easily isomerized (<i>Z</i>,<i>E</i>)-butadiene linker of vinylogous CA-4 was replaced by a rigid [1,2,4]­triazolo­[4,3-<i>b</i>]­pyridazine scaffold. Twenty-one target compounds were synthesized and exhibited moderate to potent antiproliferative activity. The compound <b>4q</b> with a 3-amino-4-methoxyphenyl moiety as the B-ring, comparable to CA-4 (IC₅₀ = 0.009–0.012 μM), displayed the highly active antiproliferative activity against SGC-7901, A549, and HT-1080 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 0.014, 0.008, and 0.012 μM, respectively. Tubulin polymerization experiments indicated that <b>4q</b> effectively inhibited tubulin polymerization, and immunostaining assay revealed that <b>4q</b> significantly disrupted tubulin microtubule dynamics. Moreover, cell cycle studies revealed that compound <b>4q</b> dramatically arrested cell cycle progression at G2/M phase in A549 cells. Molecular modeling studies showed that <b>4q</b> could bind to the colchicine binding site on microtubules