Thermal response and resistance optimization of various types of point-supported glass facades

The extensive application of various types of point-supported glass facades may bring potential thermal breakage risk and impacts on indoor human beings safety. In this work, point-supported glass facades with five various types were tested under thermal loads. The present results showed that installation forms influenced significantly the first breaking time, the location of crack initiation and the final falling out area. It demonstrated that the one-point-supported glass facades had the longest time for the first crack occurrence whereas the glass eventually fell completely out of the frame. However, the six-point-supported glass facades had the shortest first breaking time, but ultimately no glass pieces fell out of the frame. To calculate the temperature variation and stress distribution of glass panel, a thermal-mechanical model was developed. In addition, an optimization simulation was further conducted using the bound optimization by quadratic approximation method to obtain a better thermal resistance performance of glass facade. This work provides significant insights on the effects of various installations upon the thermal response of glass facades and helps to understand the failure mechanism and build safer facades by the structural optimization method

Human monoclonal antibody F61 nasal spray effectively protected high-risk populations from SARS-CoV-2 variants during the COVID-19 pandemic from late 2022 to early 2023 in China

ABSTRACTFollowing the national dynamic zero-COVID strategy adjustment, the utilization of broad-spectrum nasal neutralizing antibodies may offer an alternative approach to controlling the outbreak of Omicron variants between late 2022 and early 2023 in China. This study involved an investigator-initiated trial (IIT) to assess the pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy of the F61 nasal spray. A total of 2,008 participants were randomly assigned to receive F61 nasal spray (24 mg/0.8 mL/dose) or normal saline (0.8 mL/dose) and 1336 completed the follow-up in the IIT. Minimal absorption of F61 antibody into the bloodstream was detected in individuals receiving F61 nasal spray for seven consecutive days. No treatment-emergent adverse reactions of grade 3 severity or higher were reported. In the one-dose cohort, the 7-day cumulative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was 79.0% in the F61 group and 82.6% in the placebo group, whereas, in the multiple-dose (once daily for 7 consecutive days) cohort, the rates were 6.55% in the F61 group and 23.83% in the placebo group. The laboratory-confirmed efficacy of F61 was 3.78% (−3.74%–10.75%) in the one-dose cohort and 72.19% (57.33%–81.87%) in the multiple-dose cohort. In the real-world study, 60,225 volunteers in four different regions were administered the F61 nasal spray based on the subject's wishes, over 90% efficacy rate was observed against different Omicron variants. The F61 nasal spray, with its favourable safety profile, could be a promising prophylactic monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs