Interrelation of the main hormonal markers in patients with metabolic syndrome

Background. The study of the relationships between the main hormonal markers in patients with metabolic syndrome is relevant due to the growing prevalence of this syndrome in the world. The metabolic syndrome is a complex of risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, and is known to significantly increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim. The aim is to trace the relationship between hormonal markers of metabolic syndrome and assess their impact on its development. Materials and methods. The study involved 96 participants from the Ukrainian population, comprising 53 cases of obesity and 43 non-obese individuals (controls), with no significant age and sex differences between the groups. The hormonal markers investigated included Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin. The determination of serum levels was performed using specific ELISA kits, and correlation analyses were conducted to assess the associations between these markers. Results and discussion. The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant close negative association between Ghrelin and Leptin levels (ρ = -0.633, p < 0.001). This implies that as Leptin levels decrease, Ghrelin levels tend to increase. The regression analysis demonstrated that 26.7% of the observed variance in Ghrelin levels could be explained by changes in Leptin levels. A strong negative correlation was observed between Adiponectin and Leptin levels (ρ = -0.818, p < 0.001). This indicates that as Leptin levels decrease, Adiponectin levels tend to increase. The regression analysis suggested that 54.8% of the observed variance in Adiponectin levels could be explained by changes in Leptin levels. The correlation analysis indicated a strong positive association between Resistin and Leptin levels (ρ = 0.776, p < 0.001). As Leptin levels increase, Resistin levels also tend to increase. The regression analysis suggested that 47.5% of the observed variance in Resistin levels could be explained by changes in Leptin levels. Conclusions. The study reveals significant correlations between hormonal markers in metabolic syndrome patient

Interrelation of the main hormonal markers in patients with metabolic syndrome

Background. The study of the relationships between the main hormonal markers in patients with metabolic syndrome is relevant due to the growing prevalence of this syndrome in the world. The metabolic syndrome is a complex of risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, and is known to significantly increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim. The aim is to trace the relationship between hormonal markers of metabolic syndrome and assess their impact on its development. Materials and methods. The study involved 96 participants from the Ukrainian population, comprising 53 cases of obesity and 43 non-obese individuals (controls), with no significant age and sex differences between the groups. The hormonal markers investigated included Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin. The determination of serum levels was performed using specific ELISA kits, and correlation analyses were conducted to assess the associations between these markers. Results and discussion. The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant close negative association between Ghrelin and Leptin levels (ρ = -0.633, p < 0.001). This implies that as Leptin levels decrease, Ghrelin levels tend to increase. The regression analysis demonstrated that 26.7% of the observed variance in Ghrelin levels could be explained by changes in Leptin levels. A strong negative correlation was observed between Adiponectin and Leptin levels (ρ = -0.818, p < 0.001). This indicates that as Leptin levels decrease, Adiponectin levels tend to increase. The regression analysis suggested that 54.8% of the observed variance in Adiponectin levels could be explained by changes in Leptin levels. The correlation analysis indicated a strong positive association between Resistin and Leptin levels (ρ = 0.776, p < 0.001). As Leptin levels increase, Resistin levels also tend to increase. The regression analysis suggested that 47.5% of the observed variance in Resistin levels could be explained by changes in Leptin levels. Conclusions. The study reveals significant correlations between hormonal markers in metabolic syndrome patient

Direct imaging of spatial heterogeneities in type II superconductors

Understanding the exotic properties of quantum materials, including high-temperature superconductors, remains a formidable challenge that demands direct insights into electronic conductivity. Current methodologies either capture a bulk average or near-atomically-resolved information, missing direct measurements at the critical intermediate length scales. Here, using the superconductor Fe(Se,Te) as a model system, we use low-temperature conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM) to bridge this gap. Contrary to the uniform superconductivity anticipated from bulk assessments, cAFM uncovers micron-scale conductive intrusions within a relatively insulating matrix. Subsequent compositional mapping through atom probe tomography, shows that differences in conductivity correlated with local changes in composition. cAFM, supported by advanced microscopy and microanalysis, represents a methodological breakthrough that can be used to navigate the intricate landscape of high-temperature superconductors and the broader realm of quantum materials. Such fundamental information is critical for theoretical understanding and future guided design

Magnetic order and exchange couplings in the frustrated diamond lattice antiferromagnet MnSc2_2Se4_4

We report the magnetic properties of $A$-site spinel compound MnSc$_2$Se$_4$. The macroscopic magnetic measurements uncovers successive magnetic transitions at $T_{\rm{N1}}$= 2.04 K, followed by two further transitions at $T_{\rm{N2}}$=1.8 K and $T_{\rm{N3}}$=1.6 K. Neutron powder diffraction reveals that both, $T_{\rm{N2}} < T < T_{\rm{N1}}$ and $T <T_{\rm{N3}}$, orders are associated with the propagation vector $k$=(3/4 3/4 0), while the magnetic structures are collinear amplitude modulated and helical, respectively. Using neutron powder spectroscopy we demonstrated the effect of substitution of S by Se on the magnetic exchange. The energy range of the spin-wave excitations is supressed due to the chemical pressure of the $X$- ion in MnSc$_2X_4$ ($X$=S, Se) spinels.Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev.

Photoassociation inside an optical dipole trap: absolute rate coefficients and Franck-Condon factors

We present quantitative measurements of the photoassociation of cesium molecules inside a far-detuned optical dipole trap. A model of the trap depletion dynamics is derived which allows to extract absolute photoassociation rate coefficients for the initial single-photon photoassociation step from measured trap-loss spectra. The sensitivity of this approach is demonstrated by measuring the Franck-Condon modulation of the weak photoassociation transitions into the low vibrational levels of the outer well of the 0g- state that correlates to the 6s+6p3/2 asymptote. The measurements are compared to theoretical predictions. In a magneto-optical trap these transitions have previously only been observed indirectly through ionization of ground state molecules

Spin-1/2 fermions with attractive interaction in an optical lattice

We study attractive fermions in an optical lattice superimposed by a trapping potential, such that fermions may form bosonic molecules. We map the model onto nonlinear field equations depending on the Nambu-Gor'kov propagator. The resulting field equations where solved numerically by a relaxation technique that allowed us to calculate the inhomogeneous densities of fermions and condensed molecules at zero temperature. When the interactions between fermions are strong there is a competition between unbound fermions and bound molecules leading to an unexpected reduction of the non-homogeneous density of fermions at the center of the trap.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures; revise

NbS3_{3}: A unique quasi one-dimensional conductor with three charge density wave transitions

Through transport, compositional and structural studies, we review the features of the charge-density wave (CDW) conductor of NbS$_{3}$ (phase II). We highlight three central results: 1) In addition to the previously reported CDW transitions at $T_{P1}$ = 360\,K and $T_{P2}$ = 150\,K, another CDW transition occurs at a much higher temperature $T_{P0}$ = 620-650\,K; evidence for the non-linear conductivity of this CDW is presented. 2) We show that CDW associated with the $T_{P2}$ - transition arises from S vacancies acting as donors. Such a CDW transition has not been observed before. 3) We show exceptional coherence of the $T_{P1}$-CDW at room-temperature. Additionally, we report on the effects of uniaxial strain on the CDW transition temperatures and transport.Comment: 16 pages, 18 figure

New Directions in Degenerate Dipolar Molecules via Collective Association

We survey results on the creation of heteronuclear Fermi molecules by tuning a degenerate Bose-Fermi mixture into the neighborhood of an association resonance, either photoassociation or Feshbach, as well as the subsequent prospects for Cooper-like pairing between atoms and molecules. In the simplest case of only one molecular state, corresponding to either a Feshbach resonance or one-color photoassociation, the system displays Rabi oscillations and rapid adiabatic passage between a Bose-Fermi mixture of atoms and fermionic molecules. For two-color photoassociation, the system admits stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) from a Bose-Fermi mixture of atoms to stable Fermi molecules, even in the presence of particle-particle interactions. By tailoring the STIRAP sequence it is possible to deliberately convert only a fraction of the initial atoms, leaving a finite fraction of bosons behind to induce atom-molecule Cooper pairing via density fluctuations; unfortunately, this enhancement is insufficient to achieve a superfluid transition with present ultracold technology. We therefore propose the use of an association resonance that converts atoms and diatomic molecules (dimers) into triatomic molecules (trimers), which leads to a crossover from a Bose-Einstein condensate of trimers to atom-dimer Cooper pairs. Because heteronuclear dimers may possess a permanent electric dipole moment, this overall system presents an opportunity to investigate novel microscopic physics.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 77+ references, submitted to Euro. Phys. J. topical issue on "Ultracold Polar Molecules: Formation and Collisions