Rickettsia

Mungkin sebagian orang belum mengetahui bahkan baru mendengar tentang Rickettsia. Di Indonesia, skrining terhadap kasus Rickettsia ini masih jarang dan belum banyak dilakukan penelitian. Rickettsia sebenarnya merupakan bakteri yang mempunyai sifat parasit obligat intrasel uler, berukuran kecil (0,3-0,5 x 0,8-2,0 µm), mempunyai bentuk coccobacilli, gram negatif, tidak berflagel (kecuali Rickettsia prowazekii), dan mengalami pembelahan ganda dalam set pejamu. Rickettsia dianggap sebagai kelompok bakteri yang terpisah karena mempunyai ciri sebagai agent penyakit yang ditularkan oleh vektor arthropoda (tungau, pinjal, caplak, dan kutu)

Perbedaan Siklus Gonotropik Dan Peluang Hidup Aedes SP. Di Kabupaten Wonosobo

Dengue Fever in Wonosobo district had been increasing rapidly during 2009. Sub-district Wonosobo andGarung have different altitude characteristic and geographic. Potential transmissions based on altitude haveto be learned, especially in association with mosquitoes as dengue fever\u27s vector. The objectives of thisstudy is to count gonotropic cycle and chance of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus\u27 survival. Spot surveymethod and cross sectional design were used for this study. This study was being held in Pagerkukuhvillage (752-842 m) and Jaraksari village (765-781 m) at Wonosobo sub-district and Gemblengan village(1.166 m) at Garung sub-district. Mosquitoes were trapped in 100 m radius from dengue fever\u27s casereport. Gonotropic cycle of Ae. albopictus in Gemblengan village is longer (3 - 7 days) than Pagerkukuh\u27s(3 - 5 days). Gonotopic cycle\u27s of Ae. aegypti in Jaraksari village lasts for 3 - 5 days. Survival chance ofAe. albopictus in Gemblengan village is higher (0,61-0,81) than Pagerkukuh village (0,54-0,69).Meanwhile, survival chance of Ae. aegypti in Jaraksari village was high (0,86-0,91). It\u27s suggested to prioroutside house PSN (mosquito\u27s nest eradication). Therefore, training for thermal fogging officer outsidehouse PSN is important. It also needs dengue virus\u27 detection to verificate Ae. albopictus as dengue fever\u27svector

Populasi Tikus Dan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Tikus Dan Penyakit Yang Ditularkannya Di Kecamatan Berbah, Kabupaten Sleman

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted by Leptospira bacteria by rats as the main reservoir. Cases of leptospirosisoccurred in several districts in Sleman. One of them is Berbah Sub-district with one case of leptospirosis in 2011. Thepurpose of this study to identify the biotic and abiotic environmental conditions, species of rodents captured in the studysite, trap success, and Leptospira bacteria in the blood serum and kidney of rats. The study was conducted in the JogotirtoVillage, Berbah Sub-district, Sleman District. As many as 150 traps had been used in 2 trapped indoor and 2 trappedoutdoor during 3 days. Measurements, observations environmental conditions and interviews about rats and rats diseasetransmission around leptospirosis cases. Rats had been trapped identified, blood and kidneys was taken to be examined inthe presence of Leptospira bacteria by using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Data were analyzed descriptively intables and graphs. Biotic and abiotic environmental conditions favor transmission of leptospirosis. Rats spesies had beenfound were Rattus tanezumi, Suncus murinus, and R. tiomanicus with trap succes indoor as much 10.5% and outdoor asmuch 5.2%. People had less knowledge about rats and rats disease transmission

Description of Malaria Card Utilize as Effort to Control of Malaria Vivax Theraphy (Case Study in Wanadadi I and Banjarmangu I Public Health Center, Banjarnegara District)

Banjarnegara district is a malaria endemic areas in Central Java Province. Therapy role to prevent malaria transmission.Malaria card is one of instrument for monitoring the implementation of therapy follow up. The used of malaria card inBanjarnegara District begins around 1999. Not all public health center in Banjarnegara District used malaria card. The aimof this research was to describe benefit of malaria card to control of malaria vivax theraphy. This research was observasionalwith case study approach, information collected by indepth interview and observation of malaria card. This study wasconducted in Wanadadi I and Banjarmangu I Public Health Center, Banjarnegara at April to May 2012. Result of thisresearch showed that 60 malaria card (80%) were filled by JMD and only 23 cards (38.3 %) were filled completely inWanadadi I public health center. In Banjarmangu I public health center no malaria card were filled. The follow up of the mostappropriate time (82%) was the fourth. Completeness of follow up implementation at five times as many as 18 cases (30%) .The used of malaria card in Wanadadi I and Banjarmangu I public health center was not used well

Distribusi Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Daerah Perkotaan dan Perdesaan di Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Banjarnegara district is a new endemic dengue area which reported increased of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) incidence rate 29.38/100.000 population in 2009 to 47.71/100.000 population in 2010. The objective of this study was to determine the vector of DHF, to describe the distribution of DHF vectors in urban and rural area, to describe the biological environment and distribution of DHF vectors based on land use. This research method was descriptive. The study was conducted in urban and rural area in Banjarnegara district in April to October 2012. Samples were collected from a survey of larvae and adult mosquitoes within the radius of 100 meters of new DHF cases reported in April-September 2012. Dengue virus examination by immunocytochemistry method. Results of this research showed that infection rate of Aedes aegypti in urban areas 11,9%, while infection rate of Ae. albopictus in rural areas (17.4%). Houseplants more found in urban areas (88.9%), while garden plants found more in rural areas (69.4%). As conclusion, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus as a vector of DHF in Banjarnegara district. Aedes aegypti more in urban areas in human environments with dominant houseplants. Aedes albopictus more in rural areas in human environments which surrounded by garden with dominant garden plants. Key words : DHF vector , urban, rural, immunocytochemistry Abstrak Submit : 21-01-2013 Review : 29-01-2013 Review : 04-02-2013 revisi : 19–02-2013 Kabupaten Banjarnegara merupakan salah satu wilayah endemis baru Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) dengan peningkatan incidence rate (IR) 29.38/100.000 penduduk pada tahun 2009 menjadi 47,71/100.000 penduduk pada tahun 2010. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan vektor DBD, mendeskripsikan distribusi vektor DBD di perkotaan dan perdesaan, mendeskripsikan kondisi lingkungan biologi dan distribusi vektor DBD berdasarkan tata guna lahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di perkotaan dan perdesaan di Kabupaten Banjarnegara bulan April-Oktober 2012. Sampel nyamuk dari survei larva dan nyamuk dewasa dalam radius 100 meter dari tempat tinggal kasus DBD baru bulan April-September 2012. Pemeriksaan virus Dengue pada nyamuk dengan metode imunositokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infection rate Aedes aegypti di perkotaan sebesar 11,9%, infection rate Ae. albopictus di perdesaan sebesar 17,4%. Tanaman hias lebih dominan di perkotaan (88,9%), tanaman pekarangan lebih dominan di perdesaan (69,4%). Aedes aegypti dan Ae. albopictus merupakan vektor DBD di Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Aedes aegypti lebih banyak ditemukan di perkotaan pada areal permukiman dimana keberadaan tanaman hias lebih dominan. Aedes albopictus lebih banyak ditemukan di perdesaan pada areal permukiman yang dikelilingi kebun dimana keberadaan tanaman pekarangan lebih dominan. Kata kunci : vektor DBD, perkotaan, perdesaan, imunositokimi

Distres Ditinjau Dari Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya Pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Universitas Diponegoro

Distres adalah respon emosional dan fisiologis terhadap peristiwa yang dinilai menekan, mengancam, dan memberikan dampak negatif bagi individu yang ditandai dengan gejala depresi dan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan negatif antara tipe-tipe dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan distres pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Universitas Diponegoro. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 7838, dengan menggunakan two stage cluster sampling didapatkan jumlah sampel 367 mahasiswa tahun pertama Universitas Diponegoro. Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua skala psikologi, yaitu Skala Distres dan Skala Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial teman sebaya memiliki hubungan negatif dengan distres pada mahasiswa tahun pertama Universitas Diponegoro. Apabila dukungan sosial teman sebaya tinggi maka distres yang dialami rendah, sebaliknya apabila dukungan sosial teman sebaya rendah maka distres yang dialami tinggi

Transmisi Trans-ovari Virus Dengue Pada Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti Dan Aedes Albopictus Di Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Transmisi trans-ovari virus Dengue merupakan fenomena etiologi penting yang bertanggung jawab atas pemeliharaan virus selama periode inter-epidemi penyakit. Distribusi dan musiman dari fenomena di daerah endemik penyakit dapat berkontribusi untuk menjelaskan munculnya demam berdarah dan pencegahan selanjutnya. Penelitian tentang distribusi wilayah penularan trans-ovari virus dengue pada Aedes aegypti dan Ae. albopictus telah dilakukan pada wilayah endemik DBD di Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Pengamatan dilakukan untuk menunjukkan peran spesies Aedes yang berbeda dalam transmisi dan retensi virus Dengue. Koleksi larva Aedes aegypti dan Ae. albopictus berasal dari air bersih pada kontainer di dalam dan luar rumah di lokasi penelitian. Dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-September 2012. Lokasi untuk koleksi larva dipilih dari desa yang terdapat kasus DBD baru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transmisi trans-ovari virus Dengue pada nyamuk terjadi pada 21 ekor nyamuk positif antigen Dengue dari 223 ekor nyamuk diperiksa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terbukti bahwa ada potensi nyamuk Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus menularkan virus Dengue secara trans-ovari di Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Jenis Dan Bahan Dasar Tempat Perkembangbiakan Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Di Kabupaten Banjarnegara

. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the Dengue virus and transmitted by the bite of Aedes sp. In 2009-2010 in the District Banjarnegara dengue cases increased. In 2009-2010, in Banjarnegara district which reported increased of DHF cases. Research objectives were to obtain information on water reservoirs (TPA) as a breeding Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus by type and basic materials, landfill as a breeding Ae. aegypti and Ae. Dengue virus positive albopictus species and basic materials. The objective of this study was to get information about containers (TPA) as a breeding places of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and which Dengue virus infection based on their types and main material. The study was conducted in Kuta Banjarnegara and Parakan Canggah sub district, Wanadadi, Klampok, Singamerta dan Tapen village Banjarnegara district in May to Agust 2012. Larval survey were done around 100 meters of DHF cases with local transmission. Bath, buckets, and refrigerator tray were breeding place type of Ae. aegypti which more founded. Indoor container and used goods were breeding place of Ae. aegypti infected with Dengue virus. Buckets, old tires, used goods and leaf midrib were breeding place of Ae. albopictus which more founded. Refrigerator tray was breeding place of Ae. albopictus infected with Dengue virus. Most of the breeding place Ae. aegypti were made of plastics, ceramics, and cement. Breeding place of Ae. aegypti infected with Dengue virus were made of plastic, ceramic, glass, and rubber . Breeding place of Ae. albopictus and infected with Dengue virus were made of plasti