Lifestyle of the Elderly with Stroke: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Nowadays, stroke is one of the most important and commonly diagnosed neurological diseases throughout the world. This disease annually causes numerous moralities and disabilities; its high prevalence is reported among the elderly. Objectives: The current study aimed at determining the lifestyle of the elderly with stroke in Ilam, Western Iran. Methods: The current descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on 200 elderly people with stroke in Ilam, Western Iran by convenience sampling method. The study was conducted by the application of healthy lifestyle questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. After data collection, the data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t test and ANOVA). Results: Findings of the current study showed that the majority of the studied elderly were male (n = 106, 53) aged 65 - 70 years (n = 93, 46.5), educated up to middle school level (n = 112, 56), with annual income range of US72,000 to US144,000 (n = 117, 58.5), had no spouse (n = 111, 5.55) and lived in the city(n = 115, 57.5). Mean (+/- standard deviation; SD) of age was 75.56 +/- 9.87 years, mean lifestyle score was 37.54 +/- 3.91, 9.55 +/- 1.79, 24.30 +/- 3.36, 18.76 +/- 1.79, and 28.04 +/- 2.41 in the dimensions of prevention, physical activity and recreational activities and sport, healthy nutrition, stress management, and inter-personal relationships, respectively. Total score of the questionnaire was 118.20 +/- 6.00, which indicated a medium score of healthy lifestyle in the elderly. Conclusions: Findings of the current study revealed that the lifestyle condition of the elderly with stroke was in medium level. It was suggested that the therapeutic and health teams, in particular nurses, intervene properly and use nursing care models to enhance the lifestyle of the elderly

Pain management in neonatal intensive care units: A cross sectional study of neonatal nurses in Ilam City

Introduction: Nurses are in close contact with patients and their knowledge of pain assessment and management plays a key role in enhancing patients health. The purpose of this study was to investigate theassesment and management of pain bynursing staff in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. The study population consisted of nurses with at least six months experience of working in the NICU of Ilam hospitals. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a pain management questionnaire. Then, using spss16 software, descriptive statistics and independent t-test were performed with a significant level of less than 0.05. Results: The results showed that only a few nurses (7.1)answered �always� to setting up measures for reducing pain or discomfort of neonatal. In the �Parents were allowed to relieve pain� item, many nurses 18 (31.0)used this strategy only occasionally. Regarding non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain, only a small number of nurses 8 (13.8)used this item �always�. Conclusion: Regarding the fact that pain assessment and management were not at the appropriate level for nurses, it is necessary to have appropriate educational interventions in this field. © 2018 Neonatal Nurses Associatio

Pain management in neonatal intensive care units: A cross sectional study of neonatal nurses in Ilam City

Introduction: Nurses are in close contact with patients and their knowledge of pain assessment and management plays a key role in enhancing patients health. The purpose of this study was to investigate theassesment and management of pain bynursing staff in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. The study population consisted of nurses with at least six months experience of working in the NICU of Ilam hospitals. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a pain management questionnaire. Then, using spss16 software, descriptive statistics and independent t-test were performed with a significant level of less than 0.05. Results: The results showed that only a few nurses (7.1) answered �always� to setting up measures for reducing pain or discomfort of neonatal. In the �Parents were allowed to relieve pain� item, many nurses 18 (31.0) used this strategy only occasionally. Regarding non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain, only a small number of nurses 8 (13.8) used this item �always�. Conclusion: Regarding the fact that pain assessment and management were not at the appropriate level for nurses, it is necessary to have appropriate educational interventions in this field. © 2018 Neonatal Nurses Associatio

Pain management in neonatal intensive care units: A cross sectional study of neonatal nurses in Ilam City

Introduction: Nurses are in close contact with patients and their knowledge of pain assessment and management plays a key role in enhancing patients health. The purpose of this study was to investigate theassesment and management of pain bynursing staff in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. The study population consisted of nurses with at least six months experience of working in the NICU of Ilam hospitals. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a pain management questionnaire. Then, using spss16 software, descriptive statistics and independent t-test were performed with a significant level of less than 0.05. Results: The results showed that only a few nurses (7.1) answered “always” to setting up measures for reducing pain or discomfort of neonatal. In the “Parents were allowed to relieve pain” item, many nurses 18 (31.0) used this strategy only occasionally. Regarding non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain, only a small number of nurses 8 (13.8) used this item “always”. Conclusion: Regarding the fact that pain assessment and management were not at the appropriate level for nurses, it is necessary to have appropriate educational interventions in this field. © 2018 Neonatal Nurses Associatio

Investigating the effect of mindfulness-based training on psychological status and quality of life in patients with breast cancer

Cancer poses substantial challenges to both physical and mental health of patients. On the other hand, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Iranian women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based training on psychological status and quality of life (QoL) of patients with breast cancer living in Ilam, Iran. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 66 patients diagnosed with breast cancer. The patients assigned into two groups of experimental and control. Experimental group received mindfulness-based group training through eight 90-min sessions. Sessions were conducted twice a week and were completed within 1 month. The research tools included a QoL questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), Schneider's life expectancy questionnaire, and the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21). The questionnaires were completed before and during the interviews with the patients 2 months after intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16) and running descriptive and analytical statistics. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between he experimental and control groups considering QoL, life expectancy, depression, anxiety, and stress (p > 0.05). However, after the intervention, the patients in the experimental group reported higher QoL and life expectancy and less severe depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.05). Considering the positive effect of mindfulness-based training on the psychological status and QoL of patients with breast cancer, we recommend health nurses conduct mindfulness-based training for patients receiving clinical care services. © 2018 Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention

DRENAJE QUIRÚRGICO EXTRAPERITONEAL DE ABSCESO DEL PSOAS: FUNDAMENTO ANATÓMICO. Drenaje quirúrgico extraperitoneal de absceso del psoas: Fundamento anatómico

El espacio extraperitoneal se encuentra delimitado por el peritoneo parietal y las paredes de la cavidad abdómino-pélvica. Al igual que la cavidad peritoneal este espacio puede ser asiento de diversas colecciones, como ser hematomas, tumores y supuración. Con el advenimiento de las nuevas técnicas de imagen, se ha contribuido no solo al mejor diagnóstico de estas patologías sino también a su mejor manejo. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la anatomía del abordaje extraperitoneal del comparti-miento del psoas y su aplicación al tratamiento de un paciente. Para esto se utilizaron 5 cadáveres adultos fijados previamente en solución en base a formol. Se realizó disección bilateral de la pared antero-lateral del abdomen reclinando la bolsa peritoneal para a continuación abordar el compartimiento del músculo psoas. Este conocimiento fue utilizado en el tratamiento quirúrgico de una paciente que consultó por un absceso del compartimiento del psoas derecho. En las preparaciones cadavéricas, se observó cómo al rebatir el peritoneo parietal se expone la totalidad del compartimiento muscular del psoas. Este procedi-miento fue realizado a la paciente consiguiendo el drenaje completo de la cavidad abscedada, quien tuvo una buena evolución y fue dada de alta a los 7 días. Los hallazgos demuestran una vez más como el conocimiento anatómico sigue estando vigente en la práctica clínica, siendo la comprensión del espacio extraperitoneal fundamental no solo para el anatomista sino también para el cirujano.  The retroperitoneal space is bounded by the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall. Just like the peritoneal cavity, this region can host multiple effusions such as hematomas, tumors and suppuration. With the development of new radiological technics, both diagnosis and management of these conditions has improved. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the anatomy of the extraperitoneal approach of the psoas compartment and its application to a patient´s surgical treatment. For this purpose 5 formalin-fixed adult cadavers were used. Bilateral dissection of the antero-lateral abdominal wall was performed in every specimen. Once the parietal peritoneum was mobilized the psoas compartment was approached. This knowledge was used during the surgical treatment of a patient who attended to the emergency room with a right psoas compartment abscess. In the cadaveric specimens, the psoas muscular compartment was approached after mobilizing the parietal peritoneum medially. This procedure was carried out in the patient resulting in complete drainage of the purulent effusion. The patient had complete relief of the symptoms and was discharged 7 days after the procedure. These findings show that the anatomic knowledge is still important in clinical practice. Understanding the extraperitoneal space is crucial for both anatomists and surgeons.

Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation and Hydroamination of Alkynes Catalyzed by Cu(I) Complexes Supported by <i>N</i>‑Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands

Intramolecular addition of O–H and N–H bonds across carbon–carbon triple bonds to form 5- or 6-membered rings with exocyclic methylene groups for ether products and exocyclic methyl groups for imine products is catalyzed by (IPr)­Cu­(Me) (IPr = 1,3-bis­(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene). In a competition study, the cyclization of primary amines was found to be faster than that of alcohols. Kinetic studies for the conversion of 4-pentyn-1-ol reveal that the catalytic reaction is first-order in copper catalyst and zero-order in alkynyl alcohol, and an Eyring analysis yields Δ<i>H</i>^‡ = 18.7(4) kcal/mol and Δ<i>S</i>^‡ = −26(1) eu. The reaction of 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol provides (<i>Z</i>)-2-benzylidene-tetrahydrofuran in high yield and with quantitative stereoselectivity. Results from combined experimental and DFT studies are consistent with a mechanism that involves alkyne insertion into a Cu–O_alkoxide bond followed by protonolysis upon reaction with free alkynyl alcohol

Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation and Hydroamination of Alkynes Catalyzed by Cu(I) Complexes Supported by <i>N</i>‑Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands

Intramolecular addition of O–H and N–H bonds across carbon–carbon triple bonds to form 5- or 6-membered rings with exocyclic methylene groups for ether products and exocyclic methyl groups for imine products is catalyzed by (IPr)­Cu­(Me) (IPr = 1,3-bis­(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene). In a competition study, the cyclization of primary amines was found to be faster than that of alcohols. Kinetic studies for the conversion of 4-pentyn-1-ol reveal that the catalytic reaction is first-order in copper catalyst and zero-order in alkynyl alcohol, and an Eyring analysis yields Δ<i>H</i>^‡ = 18.7(4) kcal/mol and Δ<i>S</i>^‡ = −26(1) eu. The reaction of 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol provides (<i>Z</i>)-2-benzylidene-tetrahydrofuran in high yield and with quantitative stereoselectivity. Results from combined experimental and DFT studies are consistent with a mechanism that involves alkyne insertion into a Cu–O_alkoxide bond followed by protonolysis upon reaction with free alkynyl alcohol