Structural and logical model of contemporary global economic system

The purpose of the article is to build a structural and logical model of contemporary global economic system, forecast its development in future, and development of recommendations for maximization of advantages and minimization of negative aspects of such development. The authors focus on the problem of deepening contradictions of interests of various members of the global economic system with development of integration processes and on the problem of increase of the global economic problems with economic development of the global economic system. Methodology of conduct of the research in this work includes problem, systemic, and structural & functional analysis for determination of specifics of functioning of contemporary modern economy, as well as SWOT-analysis for determination of perspectives of its development. The authors analyze evolution and view specifics of modern stage of development of the global economic system, perform modeling of current state and tendencies of development of global economic system, and determine perspectives and compile recommendations for development of contemporary global economic system.peer-reviewe

Исторический обзор становления и развития рыночной экономики в России с опорой на труды д.э.н., проф. Л.С. Шаховской

Research focuses on the problem of incompleteness and unreliability of the existing scientific vision of the formation and development of a market economy in Russia. In the current vision, the boundaries of the stages of formation and development of a market economy in Russia are blurred, the transition to a market path of economic development has an ambiguous interpretation in the scientific literature and is mainly associated with the 1990s. The lack of a clear understanding of the essence, sequence and continuity of the stages of formation and development of a market economy in Russia causes the uncertainty of the current stage of this process. The purpose of this research is to develop a systematic scientific vision of the process of evolution of a market economy in Russia. The study provides a historical review of the formation and development of a market economy in Russia based on the works of Doctor of Economics, prof. L.S. Shakhovskaya, who stood at the origins of the formation of the scientific concept of the market economy of Russia and in her works reflected in detail the essence and features of each stage of its evolution. This article is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Professor L.S. Shakhovskaya, was written by her students who are developing the scientific school founded by her. The proposed new scientific vision of the process of evolution of the market economy in Russia, which clearly determined the three stages of its evolution. The first stage (1991-1999) was associated with the transition from a planned to an open industrial market economy through privatization and deregulation. The second stage: (2000-2013) was the integration of Russia into the world economic system to form an open post-industrial market economy. The third (modern) stage (2014-2031) involves the strengthening of strategic academic and technological leadership for the transition to a neo-industrial market economy 4.0 through ensuring technological sovereignty. Research contributes to the development of scientific and economic thought through the formation of a systematic scientific vision of the process of evolution of the market economy in Russia, which rethought and clarified the history of the market economy in Russia, and also clarified the meaning of its current stage by reflecting its continuity and patterns of occurrence. The scientific novelty of the system vision is that it proved for the first time that the transition period is a whole set of periods involving the transformation of market relations with various targets and management measures.В центре внимания исследования находится проблема неполноты и недостоверности существующего научного видения становления и развития рыночной экономики в России. В сложившемся видении границы этапов становления и развития рыночной экономики в России размыты, переход на рыночный путь развития экономики имеет неоднозначную трактовку в научной литературе и в основном связывается с 1990-ми гг. Отсутствие четкого понимания сущности, последовательности и преемственности этапов становления и развития рыночной экономики в России обуславливает неопределенность современного этапа этого процесса. Целью является разработка системного научного видения процесса эволюции рыночной экономики в России. Проводится исторический обзор становления и развития рыночной экономики в России с опорой на труды доктора экономических наук, профессора Л.С. Шаховской, стоявшей у истоков формирования научной концепции рыночной экономики России и в своих трудах подробно отразившей сущность и особенности каждого этапа ее эволюции. Исследование посвящается 80-летнему юбилею профессора Л.С. Шаховской и подготовлено ее учениками, развивающими основанную ею научную школу. Предложено новое научное видение процесса эволюции рыночной экономики в России, четко определяющее три этапа ее эволюции. Первый этап (1991-1999 гг.) был связан с переходом от плановой к открытой индустриальной рыночной экономике через приватизацию и дерегулирование. Второй этап (2000-2013 гг.) состоял в интеграции России в мирохозяйственную систему для формирования открытой постиндустриальной рыночной экономики. Третий (современный) этап (2014-2031 гг.) предполагает укрепление стратегического академического и технологического лидерства для перехода к неоиндустриальной рыночной экономике 4.0 через обеспечение технологического суверенитета. Исследование вносит вклад в развитие научно-экономической мысли через формирование системного научного видения процесса эволюции рыночной экономики в России, которое переосмыслило и уточнило историю рыночной экономики в России, а также прояснило смысл ее современного этапа благодаря отражению его преемственности и закономерности наступления. Научная новизна системного видения в том, что оно впервые доказало, что переходный период - это целое множество периодов, предполагающих трансформацию рыночных отношений с различными целевыми установками и управленческими мерами

New approaches to modernization of spatial and sectorial development of Russian and Greek regional economy

The purpose of the article is to develop new highly-effective organizational and managerial approaches to conduct of modernization of spatial and sectorial development of regional economy of Russia and Greece. During conduct of the research, the authors use such scientific methods as systemic structural and comparative analysis. The authors determine the level of differentiation of the level and structure of economic development of regions of Russia and Greece in 2012 through consideration of indicators of GRP per capita of regions and GDP, as well as gross added value for regions and sectors of production. During the research, the authors come to the conclusion that modern Russia and Greece are peculiar for presence of serious disproportions in the level of economic development of regions, which is a reason for unbalanced development of economic systems of these countries, slowdown of rates of national economic growth, and crisis. This situation is caused by orientation at the use of geographical approach. As alternative, the authors offer three new approaches to modernization of spatial and sectorial development of regional economy of Russia and Greece: cluster, client-oriented, and anti-crisis and substantiate expediency of transition to their application. These approaches allow overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks and ensure well-balanced development of regional economy in the long-term, as well as its high sustainability and quick overcoming of economic crises. For provision of high effectiveness of the process of selecting the optimal approach to modernization of spatial and sectorial development of regional economy by territorial authorities, it is offered to use the corresponding proprietary algorithm of modernization of spatial and sectorial development of regional economy.peer-reviewe

New scenarios of joint crises fighting in socio-economic sphere of Russia and Greece

The purpose of the article is to verify this hypothesis and to determine the newest scenarios of joint overcoming of crises in socio-economic sphere of Russia and Greece. The work uses the method of statistical analysis, with the help of which the authors study the dynamics of socio-economic development of Russia and Greece in 2008-2014 and determine common tendencies and regularities. As a result of the research, the authors found out that Russia and Greece are peculiar for common socio-economic problems which cause similar crises, which leads to expedience of unification of efforts of both countries for their joint effective solution. This research distinguishes three most perspective directions of fighting crises in socio-economic sphere and offers three possible scenarios of joint crisis fighting in socio-economic sphere of Russia and Greece: innovations-oriented, business-oriented, and institution-oriented scenario, with development of the authors’ concept of joint crises fighting in socio-economic sphere of Russia and Greece.peer-reviewe

Problems and perspectives of implementation of cluster initiatives in business in developing countries

The authors define the notion and meaning of cluster initiatives in business and analyze the tools for support for cluster initiatives in business which include regional cluster policy. The authors consider the role of state bodies and mechanism of their influence on development and functioning of cluster, study the successful experience of state support for cluster initiatives in entrepreneurship of developed countries, and determine the problems of implementation of cluster initiatives in business in developing countries. As a result of the research, the authors conclude that a key problem of implementation of cluster initiatives in entrepreneurship in developed countries is ineffective state cluster policy. The authors suggest self-regulation of cluster as a perspective mechanism of implementation of cluster initiatives in business in developed countries.peer-reviewe

Towards digital society management and 'capitalism 4.0' in contemporary Russia

AbstractConceptualizing the complexities of the Russian political economy strikingly illustrates the challenging but essential role of the State in the new process of capitalist reforms initiated in the 1990s. A missing ingredient in this discourse has been considering the extraordinary impact technology has on society and how it affects the process. Accordingly, this paper focuses on the current development of culturally unique capitalist theory in Russia, together with the practical application of proven quantitative landmarks and policy implications for managing digital society's development to optimize capitalism in Russia. The paper performs a quantitative analysis of the considerable influence that the digital society has on Russian capitalism and how the latter can be systemically optimized through the former's development. This contribution's originality lies in its consideration of the consequences of digital culture on the unique model of capitalism shaping contemporary Russia. Currently, Russia is implementing a particular and unique model of capitalism model where the digital society's influence is limited and contradictory. We argue that the Russian model of capitalism could experience rapid development in the foreseeable future with effective digital society management

Role of agricultural clusters in provision of food security

The article is devoted to determination of the role of agricultural clusters in provision of food security. The authors analyzed the statistics of The Global Food Security Index of 2014 in the developing and developed countries and found out that the problem of provision of food security is very urgent in developing countries, which necessitates the search for effective tools for increasing the food security, one of which is creation of agricultural clusters. For the purpose of solving this task, the authors offer the model of uniting manufacturers and processers of agricultural production into a system which allows determining the mechanisms of their organization into the system of agricultural cluster. The authors allocated the following main courses of the increase of the food security by means of development of agricultural complex, through formation of agricultural clusters: development of the sectors of agricultural cluster, implementation of deep specialization, attraction of young specialists into agricultural cluster, increasing the qualification of staff in agriculture and agricultural processing, stipulating the promotion and consumption of local production, creation of regional association for the increase of efficiency of cooperation between members, attraction of investments, cooperation with regional bodies of executive power and federal bodies of state power.peer-reviewe