The influence of pre-experimental experience on social discrimination in rats (Rattus norvegicus)

The authors used laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) of known relatedness and contrasting familiarity to assess the potential effect of preexperimental social experience on subsequent social recognition. The authors used the habituation-discrimination technique, which assumes that multiple exposures to a social stimulus (e.g., soiled bedding) ensure a subject discriminates between the habituation stimulus and a novel stimulus when both are introduced simultaneously. The authors observed a strong discrimination if the subjects had different amounts of preexperimental experience with the donors of the 2 stimuli but a weak discrimination if the subjects had either equal amounts of preexperimental experience or no experience with the stimuli. Preexperimental social experience does, therefore, appear to influence decision making in subsequent social discriminations. Implications for recognition and memory research are discussed

Repositioning Manhattan office buildings

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1989.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-131).by Lesley D. Cummin and Andrew H. Popik.M.S

Splenic melanosis during normal murine C57BL/6 hair cycle and after chemotherapy

Cancer chemotherapy is associated with serious side effects, including temporary hair loss and impairment of pigmentation. We suspect that ectopic melanin deposition occurring due to chemotherapy may add to these effects worsening the already unpleasant symptoms. We associated the ectopic occurrence of follicular melanin after chemotherapy with splenic melanosis an interesting example of extradermal melanin localization and we expected an increase in splenic melanin deposition after chemotherapy. Using the C57BL/6 murine model of synchronized hair cycle induced by depilation, we visualized splenic melanin by means of several histological and histochemical protocols of staining: hematoxylin and eosin, May-Grunwald-Giemsa and Fontana-Masson. Unexpectedly, the splenic deposition of melanin decreased due to application of cyclophosphamide (i.p. 120 mg/kg body weight on day 9 post depilation). The drop was abrupt and lasted for at least 5 days (day 13-18 post depilation), as compared with normal hair cycle. Moreover, in mice with normal, depilation-induced hair cycle we observed a similar drop shortly before entering catagen (day 15 post depilation), followed by a slow and partial increase in splenic melanization up to day 27 post depilation in both groups. We conclude that cyclophosphamide negatively affects splenic melanization and/or extradermal transfer of ectopic melanin from the dystrophic hair follicles, but the most powerful down-regulator of splenic melanosis is normal and dystrophic catagen the phase of hair follicle involution and re-modelling

Movement analysis of lower limb during backward walking with unstable intervention

Backward walking (BW), an emerging rehabilitative and training modality, was integrated with unstable sole construction with various hardness levels to analyze the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of the lower extremities. Eighteen participants volunteered to participate in the test. They performed walking tests under three conditions: 1) BW with normal shoes (NBW); 2) BW with unstable shoes with soft unstable elements (UBW-S); 3) BW with unstable shoes with hard unstable elements (UBW-H). The results show increased hip and ankle flexion and increased knee flexion-extension extent in the stance phase during BW with unstable shoes. The motor control mechanism of unstable BW enhanced the rehabilitation of lower limb deficiency. The attached unstable elements (UBW-S and UBW-H) induced local perturbation to stimulate proprioceptive ability and the neuromuscular system, changing the plantar loading distribution in a certain region. Future study should concentrate on the possible rehabilitative effect of unstable BW on neurological disorders and motor system deficiency

A Comprehensive Review of Safety, Security, and Food Waste in the Food Supply Chain Logistics

The food supply chain logistics (FSCL) plays a vital role in ensuring food reaches consumers safely and efficiently. As the global food system becomes more complex, ensuring the safety, security, and minimizing food waste throughout the supply chain has become increasingly important. This review examines the key challenges and solutions associated with food safety, food security, and food waste in the FSCL, highlighting their interdependence and the need for integrated solutions. Food safety encompasses measures to prevent contamination, spoilage, and health hazards from farm to fork, utilizing technologies such as traceability systems. Food waste, which accounts for approximately one-third of global food production, results from inefficiencies and improper handling throughout the supply chain, with significant losses occurring in production, distribution, and consumption stages. Strategies to combat food waste include improving logistics infrastructure, better inventory management, and consumer education. This review advocates for a holistic approach to improving safety, security, and waste reduction in the FSCL, emphasizing the adoption of advanced technologies, policy interventions, and sustainable practices to create a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable food syste

Advanced Analysis of Time-lapse Seismic Data for CO2 Geosequestration Monitoring

This thesis addresses challenges of land time-lapse (4D) surface seismic data analysis for monitoring of CO2 geosequstration. The approach includes development of an optimal seismic acquisition strategy, seismic forward modelling workflow, model-guided processing and imaging of the 4D seismic data for structural and quantitative interpretation. Successful onshore seismic monitoring is achieved using buried geophone array and purposefully designed processing flow with tracking of 4D signal and noise at each processing stage

Integration of Borehole and Surface Seismic Monitoring Techniques in CO2 Geosequestration Projects

This thesis is focused on utilisation of both borehole and surface seismic techniques to improve monitoring effectiveness in CO2 geosequestration projects based on data acquired within the CO2CRC Otway Project. The study includes processing and analysis of 4D surface seismic data with buried receiver array, investigation of optimal source effort required to image time-lapse anomaly, and analysis of multiple 3D VSP datasets for the purpose of building anisotropic velocity model of the Otway Site