Family Life Course Statuses and Transitions: Relationships with Health Limitations

In this study, the author uses 25 years of data taken from the 1979 National Longitudinal Study of Youth to examine the relationship between family life course statuses and transitions and work-related health limitations. The author uses a detailed set of statuses and transitions that include marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and parenthood. The measures of health used tap health limitations in the kind and amount of work that can be performed. Using a fixed-effects estimator for dichotomous outcomes, the author finds that marriage is positively related to the health of men but negatively related to the health of women. The author also finds that parenthood is not related to the health of men but is positively related to the health of women. The results also indicate that statuses are more important for determining health limitations than are transitions

The involvement of Pseudomonas putida in basidiome initiation of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus.

The involvement of pseudomonads In the process of basidiome initiation of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus was investigated. Pseudomonads used throughout the study were identified and Pseudomonas putida was shown to be responsible for initiating basidiome morphogenesis. The prodigious morphogenetical capabilities of a single P. putida and P. tolaasii colony was demonstrated and the production of rough colonial forms in peat casing soil was observed. Rough colonial forms of P. putida were found to be capable of promoting basidiome initiation. Cells of the rough colonial forms were better able to withstand nutrient limited conditions, were more resistant to UV light, produced greater amounts of siderophore and respired at a faster rate than the smooth colonial variants which indicates that they are stress tolerant forms. P. putida and P. tolaasii were shown to be positively attracted toward exudates of mushroom mycelium and adherence of these bacteria to hyphae was observed. Quantitative adherence studies, in conjunction with electron microscopy, revealed the ability of P. putida and P. tolaasii cells to adhere rapidly and firmly to hyphae. Differences in the chemotactic and adhesive abilities of smooth and rough colonial forms were observed. A new medium for the growth of A. bisporus was developed and a strain of A. bitorquis W19 which produces primordia in vitro, when grown in association with basidiome stimulatory pseudomonads, was used as a model system for assaying the effect of bacteria on basidiome initiation. Activated charcoal was shown to replace the effects of P. putida and fruit body initiation did not to occur in response to nutrient limitation. Non-living P. putida failed to promote basidiome initiation and iron, and Iron chelating agents did not stimulate fruiting: During the preliminary phase of the interaction between P. putida and A. bisporus, the bacterium was shown to markedly affect hyphal growth, colony morphology and the allocation of resources to the mycelium. Mutants of P. putida defective in their ability to promote basidiome initiation were produced by transposon Tn5 and UV light mutagenesis. The majority of these mutants were defective in their ability to uptake the ferric-siderophore complex implicating the involvement of iron regulated, membrane bound protein porins in the process of fruit body initiation. It is thought that the mushroom mycelium produces a 'self-Inhibitory-compound' which prevents basidiome morphogenesis until levels of this compound are reduced to below a threshold concentration. P. putida is thought facilitate this by Importing the Inhibitory substance into the cell, via the membrane bound protein porins, where it Is subsequently metabolized. A gene cloning and mapping system was developed In P. putida using RP4::mini-Mu. This plasmid was shown to promote transfer of auxotrophic markers in both homologous and heterologous matings and its potential as a gene cloning and mapping system in this organism was demonstrated

Morphology of late Quaternary submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental margin

This paper is not subject to U.S. copyright. The definitive version was published in Marine Geology 264 (2009): 4-15, doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.009.The nearly complete coverage of the U.S. Atlantic continental slope and rise by multibeam bathymetry and backscatter imagery provides an opportunity to reevaluate the distribution of submarine landslides along the margin and reassess the controls on their formation. Landslides can be divided into two categories based on their source areas: those sourced in submarine canyons and those sourced on the open continental slope and rise. Landslide distribution is in part controlled by the Quaternary history of the margin. They cover 33% of the continental slope and rise of the glacially influenced New England margin, 16% of the sea floor offshore of the fluvially dominated Middle Atlantic margin, and 13% of the sea floor south of Cape Hatteras. The headwall scarps of open-slope sourced landslides occur mostly on the lower slope and upper rise while they occur mostly on the upper slope in the canyon-sourced ones. The deposits from both landslide categories are generally thin (mostly 20–40 m thick) and comprised primarily of Quaternary material, but the volumes of the open-slope sourced landslide deposits can be larger (1–392 km3) than the canyon-sourced ones (1–10 km3). The largest failures are located seaward of shelf-edge deltas along the southern New England margin and near salt domes that breach the sea floor south of Cape Hatteras. The spatial distribution of landslides indicates that earthquakes associated with rebound of the glaciated part of the margin or earthquakes associated with salt domes were probably the primary triggering mechanism although other processes may have pre-conditioned sediments for failure. The largest failures and those that have the potential to generate the largest tsunamis are the open-slope sourced landslides.The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the U.S. Geological Survey are acknowledged for their support of this research.Work was funded by US Nuclear Regulatory Commission grant N6480 Physical study of tsunami sources

Sociology : Fifth Edition.

New Jerseyxix, 636 p, 25 cm

Sociology

660 p.; 27 cm

Sociology/ Popenoe

xviii, 660 hal.: ill.; 27 cm

Sociology/ Popenoe

xviii, 660 hal.: ill.; 27 cm