8 research outputs found

    Suplementación alimenticia con promotores de crecimiento en pollos de engorde Cobb 500

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    The present investigation was carried out in the Andil enclosure belonging to the Jipijapa canton in Ecuador, with the objective of evaluating food supplementation with growth promoters in Cobb broilers 500 males and females. The exper-iment was implemented in a conditioned shed, under an experimental design of Fully Randomized Blocks (DBCA) with three repetitions, with 18 birds per treatment, where sex was considered independently. 216 chickens / 1-day-old sex (432 chickens) were used, distributed in four treatments: T1: oxytetracycline (control, 1mL / L), T2: probiotics plus enzymes (2.0 g / kg), T3: organic acid (1.0 mL / L) and T4: acetic acid (banana vinegar) (1.0 mL / L). The response variables were body weight (BW), food consumption (FC), weight gain (WG), feed conversion (FConv) and bird mortal-ity. For the analysis of variance, the GLM SAS proc was used. The results showed differentiated responses between males and females for BW, FC, WG and FConv. Acetic Acid had a better response to Organic Acid. In males, the antibi-otic, acetic acid and probiotic are the best treatments for weight gain compared to organic acid. The analysis of partial budgets, of the treatments evaluated, for males showed that the best profitability was for oxytetracycline (T1) in males. The use of the probiotic + enzymes (T4), had a benefit of USD 0.45, less USD 0.03 than oxytetracycline. The profitabil-ity of oxytetracycline was 45.18% at a production cost per lb of USD 0.59. Unlike the treatments with acetic acid (T3) and probiotic + enzyme (T4) that showed a margin of profitability of less than 21%. In contrast in females, the best economic income was treatment with probiotic + enzyme (T4), with 309 lb and a gross income of USD 265.74 and a net profit of USD 62.60,whichgaveaUSD/Bratio 62.60, which gave a USD / B ratio 1.31.La presente investigación fue realizada en el recinto Andil perteneciente al cantón Jipijapa en Ecuador, con el objetivo de evaluar la suplementación alimenticia con promotores de crecimiento en pollos de engorde Cobb 500 machos y hembras. El experimento fue implementado en un galpón acondicionado, bajo un diseño experimental de Bloques Completamente Aleatorizados (DBCA) con tres repeticiones, con 18 aves por tratamiento, donde se consideró el sexo independientemen-te. Se utilizaron 216 pollos/sexo de 1 día de edad (432 pollos), distribuidos en cuatro tratamientos: T1: oxitetraciclina (testigo, 1mL/L), T2: probióticos más enzimas (2.0 g/kg), T3: ácido orgánico (1.0 mL/L) y T4: ácido acético (vinagre de banana) (1.0 mL/L). Las variables de respuesta fueron el peso corporal (PCor), el consumo de alimento (CA), la ganancia de peso (GP), la conversión alimenticia (ConAli) y la mortalidad de las aves. Para los análisis de varianza se utilizó el proc GLM del SAS. Los resultados mostraron respuestas diferenciadas entre machos y hembras para PCor, CA, GP y ConAli. El Ácido Acético tuvo mejor respuesta respecto al Acido Orgánico. En machos el antibiótico, el ácido acético y el probiótico son los mejores tratamientos para ganancia de peso respecto del ácido orgánico. El análisis de presupuestos parciales, de los tratamientos evaluados, para machos mostró que la mejor rentabilidad fue para la oxitetraciclina (T1) en machos. El uso del probiótico + enzimas (T4), tuvo un beneficio de USD 0.45, menos USD 0.03 que la oxitetraciclina. La rentabilidad de la oxitetraciclina fue de 45.18% a un costo de producción por lb de USD 0.59. A diferencia de los tratamientos con ácido acético (T3) y probiótico + enzima (T4) que mostraron un margen de rentabilidad inferior al 21%. En cambio en hembras, el mejor ingreso económico fue el tratamiento con probiótico + enzima (T4), con 309 lb y un ingreso bruto de USD 265.74 y una utilidad neta de USD 62.60,loquediounarelacioˊndeB/CdeUSD 62.60, lo que dio una relación de B/C de USD 1.31

    Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

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    PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

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    PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    The effect of Yucca schidigera liquid extract on water quality and survival of Pacific Red Snapper Lutjanus peru during acclimatization

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    The goal of this study was to determine the effect of the liquid extract of Yucca schidigera on water quality and survival of Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru during its transfer from wild to laboratory conditions. Three experimental groups (0.00; 0.25 and 0.75 mg of Y. schidigera liquid extract per liter of culture) were tested with four replicates using water recirculating systems. The liquid extract was dispensed every 72 h during 28 days. It was proved that Y. schidigera extract could be effective to reduce ammonia nitrogen caused by biogenic source (excretion of fish juveniles) diminishing mortality of Pacific red snapper during acclimatization process. It is recommended the use of yucca extract concentration at a dose of 0.75 mg L-1 to reduce ammonia concentration in marine water for holding red snapper juveniles.El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto del extracto líquido de Y. schidigera sobre la calidad del agua y prevención de la mortalidad del pargo rojo del Pacífico L. Peru, durante la transferencia del medio silvestre a condiciones del laboratorio. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos: extracto líquido concentrado 100% de Y. schidigera natural fue administrado en baja concentración (0,25 mg L-1) y alta concentración (0,75 mg L-1), además de un grupo control sin extracto. El extracto líquido fue administrado cada 72 h durante 28 días. Se encontró que el extracto Y. schidigera reduce la concentración de amonio producto de la excreción de los juveniles y la mortalidad del huachinango durante la aclimatación en un sistema de recirculación. Se recomienda el uso del extracto de yuca en una concentración de 0,75 mg L-1 para reducir el amonio y para una densidad máxima de 10,9 kg m-3 y con aireación

    Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

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    BACKGROUND: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. METHODS: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARS-CoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models. RESULTS: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P = 0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas. CONCLUSION: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19–Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study

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    Delaying surgery for patients with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

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