Precision studies of QCD in the low energy domain of the EIC

peer reviewedThis White Paper aims at highlighting the important benefits in the science reach of the EIC. High luminosity operation is generally desirable, as it enables producing and harvesting scientific results in a shorter time period. It becomes crucial for programs that would require many months or even years of operation at lower luminosity

Automatic 3D medical image registration

63 σ.Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση μιας μεθόδου αυτόματης ευθυγράμμισης τρισδιάστατων ιατρικών δεδομένων. Η διαδικασία της ευθυγράμμισης έχει ως στόχο τη διόρθωση των σχετικών μετατοπίσεων στο χώρο έτσι ώστε στα ευθυγραμμισμένα δεδομένα οι ίδιες ανατομικές περιοχές να συμπίπτουν χωρικά. Η μέθοδος μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για την ευθυγράμμιση ακτινολογικών εικόνων που λαμβάνονται μέσω υπολογιστικής αξονικής τομογραφίας και χρησιμοποιούνται από οδοντιάτρους για παρακολούθηση και αξιολόγηση θεραπευτικών διαδικασιών. Αφού γίνει λήψη ακτινολογικών εικόνων του ιδίου αντικειμένου πριν και μετά τη θεραπεία, είναι επιθυμητό οι εικόνες αυτές να αφαιρεθούν ώστε να παρατηρηθούν οι διαφορές μεταξύ τους. Στην εικόνα διαφορών απεικονίζεται ιδιαίτερα χρήσιμη πληροφορία για τους ειδικούς όπως για παράδειγμα η μέτρηση της οστικής υποστήριξης προς τα εμφυτεύματα. Η ανάγκη για ευθυγράμμιση των εικόνων προκύπτει από τη χωρική μετατόπιση μεταξύ των εικόνων, η οποία συνήθως οφείλεται σε κινήσεις των ασθενών, σε ακούσιες κινήσεις του σώματος (π.χ. αναπνοή, καρδιακή λειτουργία), σε διατάξεις απεικονιστικών συστημάτων που δεν είναι σταθερές (π.χ. αισθητήρας CCD), καθώς και στην ανάπτυξη ανωμαλιών που προκαλούν παραμορφώσεις (π.χ. κύστες, όγκοι). Η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος βασίζεται σε ζεύγη αντίστοιχων σημείων αλλά προϋποθέτει εύρεση χαρακτηριστικών σημείων μόνο στη μια από τις δύο εικόνες. Η εύρεση των αντιστοίχων σημείων στην εικόνα προς ευθυγράμμιση γίνεται αυτόματα και βάσει των ζευγαριών σημείων που προκύπτουν υπολογίζονται απευθείας οι παράμετροι του μετασχηματισμού με προσέγγιση ελαχίστων τετραγώνων. Εφαρμόζοντας το μετασχηματισμό στην εικόνα προς ευθυγράμμιση παίρνουμε την επιθυμητή ευθυγραμμισμένη εικόνα.Subject of this diploma thesis is the presentation of a method for automatic registration of 3D medical images. The task of registration is to eliminate spatial differences between two images allowing matching anatomical regions to coincide. Image registration can be used in digital subtraction radiography employed by dentists to monitor and evaluate therapeutic procedures. Radiographs of the same object are acquired by experts over a period of time and are subtracted to produce a difference image. This image records changes in the bone structure supporting the teeth or implants. However, the differences between these images may not only be due to clinically significant changes, but are also very often the result of differences in the patient’s position, acquisition from different viewpoints or employment of different sensors. These spatial misalignments comprise the need for registration before subtraction. The proposed method automatically extracts the most distinctive points from the reference image and searches for their corresponding points in the second image. Based on these points pairs, least squares approximation is employed to calculate an optimal affine transformation that aligns the two images.Πόλυς Ν. Γεωργίο

A virtual look at Epstein-Barr virus infection: simulation mechanism

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important human pathogen that establishes a life-long persistent infection and for which no precise animal model exists. In this paper, we describe in detail an agent-based model and computer simulation of EBV infection. Agents representing EBV and sets of B and T lymphocytes move and interact on a three-dimensional grid approximating Waldeyer's ring, together with abstract compartments for lymph and blood. The simulation allows us to explore the development and resolution of virtual infections in a manner not possible in actual human experiments. Specifically, we identify parameters capable of inducing clearance, persistent infection, or death

Immersive intelligence genomic data visualisation

Genomics data are very complex and could contain crucial information about a disease or how a treatment method may perform well on one but not on another. Understanding such genomic data would enable better insight into the correlation between genes and diseases, which could facilitate personalised treatments for the patients. Although visualisations have been increasingly used in the genomic analysis, there is still limited research work on interactive visualisations on immersive platforms, such as in Augmented and Virtual Reality. This paper presents a new interactive visualisation and navigation of genomics data in such environments. We provide an overview of the patient cohort in 3D genetic similarity-space as well as the views of the genes of interests for detail study. The visualisation employs avatars to represent the patients to enhance the realistic look-and-feel of the patients in the immersive environments. We illustrate the effectiveness of our platform through a childhood cancer dataset, B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

Precision Studies of QCD in the Low Energy Domain of the EIC

103 pages,47 figuresThe manuscript focuses on the high impact science of the EIC with objective to identify a portion of the science program for QCD precision studies that requires or greatly benefits from high luminosity and low center-of-mass energies. The science topics include (1) Generalized Parton Distributions, 3D imagining and mechanical properties of the nucleon (2) mass and spin of the nucleon (3) Momentum dependence of the nucleon in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (4) Exotic meson spectroscopy (5) Science highlights of nuclei (6) Precision studies of Lattice QCD in the EIC era (7) Science of far-forward particle detection (8) Radiative effects and corrections (9) Artificial Intelligence (10) EIC interaction regions for high impact science program with discovery potential. This paper documents the scientific basis for supporting such a program and helps to define the path toward the realization of the second EIC interaction region

Precision Studies of QCD in the Low Energy Domain of the EIC

103 pages,47 figuresThe manuscript focuses on the high impact science of the EIC with objective to identify a portion of the science program for QCD precision studies that requires or greatly benefits from high luminosity and low center-of-mass energies. The science topics include (1) Generalized Parton Distributions, 3D imagining and mechanical properties of the nucleon (2) mass and spin of the nucleon (3) Momentum dependence of the nucleon in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (4) Exotic meson spectroscopy (5) Science highlights of nuclei (6) Precision studies of Lattice QCD in the EIC era (7) Science of far-forward particle detection (8) Radiative effects and corrections (9) Artificial Intelligence (10) EIC interaction regions for high impact science program with discovery potential. This paper documents the scientific basis for supporting such a program and helps to define the path toward the realization of the second EIC interaction region

Precision Studies of QCD in the Low Energy Domain of the EIC

103 pages,47 figuresThe manuscript focuses on the high impact science of the EIC with objective to identify a portion of the science program for QCD precision studies that requires or greatly benefits from high luminosity and low center-of-mass energies. The science topics include (1) Generalized Parton Distributions, 3D imagining and mechanical properties of the nucleon (2) mass and spin of the nucleon (3) Momentum dependence of the nucleon in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (4) Exotic meson spectroscopy (5) Science highlights of nuclei (6) Precision studies of Lattice QCD in the EIC era (7) Science of far-forward particle detection (8) Radiative effects and corrections (9) Artificial Intelligence (10) EIC interaction regions for high impact science program with discovery potential. This paper documents the scientific basis for supporting such a program and helps to define the path toward the realization of the second EIC interaction region