GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS AND PROTEOGLYCANS IN PALMAR FASCIA OF PATIENTS WITH DUPUYTREN

Objective : To evaluate and compare the behavior of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in Dupuytren disease (DD). Methods : This is an experimental study with 23 patients diagnosed with DD. Tissue collected through fasciectomy with incision type Brunner or McCash were evaluated by electrophoresis for identification of GAGs. The quantification was carried out by immunofluorescence and dosage of proteins for different types of glycosaminoglycans. The results were expressed in percentage and statistically evaluated. Results : A significant increase was observed through eletrophoresis in GAGs, as compared to the control (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence of hyaluronic acid was reduced (23 times) when compared to the control (p<0.0001). Conclusion : An increase of sulfated GAGs in Dupuytren's disease, mainly dermatan sulfate, was evident from our results, as well as a pronounced decrease of hyaluronic acid in the palmar aponeurosis from the same patients. Level of Evidence III, Case-Control Study

Decline in age at menarche among Spanish women born from 1925 to 1962

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>While the timing of reproductive events varies across populations, a downward trend in age at menarche has nevertheless been reported in most of the developed world over the past century. Given the impact of change in age at menarche on health conditions, this study sought to examine secular trends in age at menarche among women living in Navarre (Northern Spain) who participated in a population-based breast cancer screening programme.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study was based on 110545 women born from 1925 to 1962. Trends were tested using a linear regression model, in which year of birth was entered continuously as the predictor and age at menarche (years) as the response variable, using size of town and region of birth as covariates.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Among women born in Navarre between 1925 and 1962, age at menarche declined steadily from an average of 13.72 years in the 1925-1929 birth-cohorts to 12.83 years in the 1958-1962 birth-cohorts. Controlling for size of town or city of birth, age at menarche declined by an average of 0.132 years every 5 years over the period 1925-1962. This decline was greater in women born in rural versus urban settings. Trends were also different among regions of birth.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We report a population-based study showing a downward trend in age of onset of menarche among Spanish women born in the period 1925-1962, something that is more pronounced among women born in rural settings and varies geographically.</p

Insegurança alimentar em domicílios brasileiros com crianças menores de cinco anos

This article analyzes food insecurity and hunger in Brazilian families with children under five years of age. This was a nationally representative cross-sectional study using data from the National Demographic and Health Survey on Women and Children (PNDS-2006), in which the outcome variable was moderate to severe food insecurity, measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios were generated with 95% confidence intervals. The results showed a high prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity, concentrated in the North and Northeast regions (30.7%), in economic classes D and E (34%), and in beneficiaries of conditional cash transfer programs (36.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that the socioeconomic relative risks (beneficiaries of conditional cash transfers), regional relative risks (North and Northeast regions), and economic relative risks (classes D and E) were 1.8, 2.0 and 2.4, respectively. Aggregation of the three risks showed 48% of families with moderate to severe food insecurity, meaning that adults and children were going hungry during the three months preceding the survey.Se plantea estudiar el proceso de inseguridad alimentaria y el hambre en los hogares brasileños con niños menores de cinco años. Se trata de un estudio transversal a nivel nacional, realizado con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud de la Mujer y la Infancia (PNDS 2006), siendo la variable dependiente la inseguridad alimentaria moderada y grave (IAM+G), medidas mediante la Escala Brasileña de Inseguridad Alimentaria (EBIA). Se generaron estimaciones de prevalencia y razón de prevalencia con intervalos de 95% de confianza. Los resultados muestran una alta prevalencia de IAM+G en el Norte y Nordeste (30,7%), en las clases económicas D y E (34%), y entre los beneficiarios de los programas de transferencias de renta (36,5%). El modelo de análisis multivariado descubrió que los riesgos sociales (beneficiario de programas de transferencias de renta), regionales (Norte y Nordeste) y económicos (clases D y E) fueron de 1,8, 2,0 y 2,4, respectivamente. Mediante la agregación de los tres riesgos se encontró el 48% de los hogares en IAM+G, o sea, adultos y niños tuvieron hambre durante los tres meses anteriores a la encuesta.Este artigo se propõe a estudar o processo de insegurança alimentar e fome em domicílios brasileiros com crianças menores de cinco anos. É um estudo transversal com representatividade nacional executado com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Criança e da Mulher (PNDS-2006) tendo como variável dependente a insegurança alimentar moderada e grave (IAM+G), medida através da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA). Foram geradas estimativas de prevalência e razão de prevalência com intervalos de 95% de confiança. Os resultados apontam para alta prevalência de IAM+G concentrada nas regiões Norte e Nordeste (30,7%), nas classes econômicas D e E (34%) e em beneficiários de Programas de Transferência de Renda (PTR; 36,5%). O modelo de análise multivariada constatou que os riscos sociais (beneficiário de PTR), regionais (Norte e Nordeste) e econômicos (classes D e E) eram de 1,8, 2,0 e 2,4, respectivamente. Agregando-se os três riscos observou-se que 48% dos domicílios encontravam-se em IAM+G, ou seja, crianças e adultos passaram fome nos três meses anteriores ao inquérito.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade Estadual de Campinas Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUNIFESPSciEL