The Phased 3D Cadastre Implementation in the Netherlands The Phased 3D Cadastre Implementation in the Netherlands

SUMMARY After more than a decade of 3D cadastre research in the Netherlands, including detailed analysis of various complex 3D right configurations and development of several prototypes, the Dutch Kadaster is implementing a 3D cadastre solution. Earlier research showed that the registration and publication of rights on multi-level property is possible within the existing system in the Netherlands. However, as demonstrated in these earlier publications, this way of registration has limitations. The most important is that it may require a mental exercise to understand 3D property situations based on information available in the land and cadastral registers. Sometimes the registration is ambiguous and reality is even needed to understand the registration instead of vice versa. To meet these limitations, the Dutch Kadaster is currently designing and implementing the cadastral system extension for registration of 3D rights (and restrictions). The solution is partly driven by the alternatives as studied in previous research and partly by the observation that implementing 3D cadastre in practice is a process that requires experience-and knowledge-building. Uncertainties on the implementation of a 3D cadastre in a specific country exist due to technological developments on the one hand and cadastral and legal developments on the other hand. Also two disciplines are involved (i.e. technical and legal experts) who need to understand the impact of 3D cadastre in each other's domain for proper 3D cadastre developments. To meet these uncertainties, the proposed 3D cadastre NL solution consists of a two-phase process. The aim of the first phase is to gain experiences by introducing evolving technologies in the legal domain of 3D cadastre. The second phase will aim at a more advanced 3D cadastre solution, which will accomplish a 3D cadastral registration at a fundamental level. Both phases do fit in the ISO FDIS 19152 Land Administration Domain Model via 3D country profiles for the Netherlands. This paper will start with identifying the situations appropriate for a 3D approach. After that the two phases are further explained. The paper will end with conclusions and work in progress

First 3D Cadastral Registration of Multi-level Ownerships Rights in the Netherlands

5th International FIG Workshop on 3D Cadastres491-50

Analysis of the Third FIG 3D Cadastres Questionnaire: Status in 2018 and Expectations for 2022

The 3rd FIG 3D-Cadastres Questionnaire was conducted and distributed by the end of 2018, with an extended deadline of 15th of January 2019. The questionnaire survey is a part of the FIG working group 3D-Cadastres activities for the period of 2018-2022. The purpose of this survey is to prepare a comprehensive inventory of the current (2018) state of 3D Cadastres worldwide, to explore the near future (2022) plans and expectations in the field and to evaluate the progress during the past four years. Sharing and dissemination of this information, enable to improve cooperation, to learn from each other and to support future developments as well as to encourage collaboration between various countries and jurisdictions. As can be determined from the title, this is the third time that the questionnaire on 3D-Cadastres is being carried out. The first version was administered in 2010 in order to document the status of 2010 3D Cadastres and of the then upcoming 2014 expectations. This was followed by a second questionnaire in 2014 (with status of 2014 and ambitions for 2018). The previous responses (van Oosterom et al., 2011; van Oosterom et al., 2014) were analyzed and reported at earlier FIG events (Working Weeks and workshops). The structure of the 3rd questionnaire has remained rather similar. All of the sections and the numbering of the questions were preserved to allow straightforward comparison with the earlier questionnaires and identification of potential trends. A few questions have been refined for clarification and several new questions have been added at the end of the sections. In this paper the main results of the analysis of the submitted 2018-2022 questionnaire are presented together with an analogy drawn between the past and present responses

3D cadastre in the Netherlands: Developments and international applicability

This paper presents the design and implementation of the cadastral system extension for registration of 3D rights and restrictions in the Netherlands fitting within the ISO 19152, Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) final draft international standard. The implementation will be conducted in two phases. The first phase of the solution does not require a change of the legal and cadastral frameworks and will be used to gain experience in the challenging domain of 3D cadastre where technical and legal aspects interact. Typical 3D cadastral objects are analysed including their current registration. A procedure to improve the registration is developed that includes an extension of the cadastral system to accept 3D descriptions in 3D pdf format as part of the deed. One of the drawbacks of this solution is that it is not possible to validate the 3D cadastral representations (Are the volumes closed? Are the neighbours non-overlapping?) The second phase is research in progress and comprises the actual inclusion of the 3D data in the registration, enabling complete validation and even better 3D data management and dissemination. Based on experiences to be collected from the first phase and experiences from other countries, the solution for the second phase will be further refined and subsequently implemented in due time.OTB ResearchOTB Research Institute for the Built Environmen