The scope and potential of psychotherapy in psychological and pedagogical counselling centers

Autorzy artykułu przedstawiają wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w ramach projektu, którego celem była diagnoza zakresu i warunków stosowania psychoterapii w systemie poradni psychologiczno-pedagogicznych. Konkluzją z badań jest konieczność unowocześnienia i stworzenia w poradniach psychologiczno-pedagogicznych kultury zarządzania sprzyjającej stosowaniu psychoterapii w systemie edukacji. Wzrasta zapotrzebowanie na tę formę pomocy ze względu na stale rosnące wskaźniki coraz poważniejszych problemów emocjonalnych wśród dzieci i młodzieży. Autorzy podkreślają, iż istnieją warunki kadrowe oraz możliwości prawne do stosowania profesjonalnej psychoterapii w poradniach psychologiczno-pedagogicznych.The authors of the article present the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted as part of a project, which aimed at diagnosing the scope and conditions of applying psychotherapy in psychological and pedagogical counselling centers. The project has the nature of basic research, so it answers the question: what is it like? It is the first step in the process of developing standards for the use of individual, group and family psychotherapy. The psychotherapy is grasped as a post-diagnostic assignment of counselling centers included in Regulation of the Minister of Education, dated February 1st 2013. 172 questionnaires out of 482 were collected and analysed. Psychotherapy is applied in 127 counselling centers by 434 psychotherapists. The psychotherapists were trained or are being trained in comprehensive four year or modular courses. Family therapy was applied in 100 counselling centers group therapy in 91 counselling centers and individual therapy in 65. The research shows the need to update and create a management culture, which supports applying psychotherapy in education. There is trained personnel, legal framework to develop psychotherapy and demand for this kind of help, because of the growing emotional problems in children and young people

The use of CA125, human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA), risk of malignancy index (RMI) and subjective assessment (SA) in preoperative diagnosing of ovarian tumors

Objectives: To compare utility of CA125, human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA), risk of malignancy index (RMI) and subjective assessment (SA) in preoperative diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Material and methods: Research was conducted among 456 patients qualified for surgery due to ovarian tumor. Preoperatively, CA125 and HE4 serum levels were estimated, and transvaginal ultrasound was performed. ROMA and RMI values and SA qualifications were obtained. Results were compared with pathomorphological findings. Results: Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)-Area Under Curve (AUC) values for CA125, HE4, ROMA, RMI and SA in preoperative diagnosis of malignant lesions were 0.819, 0.909, 0.911, 0.895 and 0.895, respectively. Combinations of biochemical and sonographic methods increased sensitivity in diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Combinations utilizing serum HE4 concentrations were most useful. Conclusions: CA125, HE4, ROMA, RMI and SA proved to be useful in preoperative diagnosis of ovarian tumors. HE4 and ROMA occurred to be the most useful. Ultrasonographic methods are considerably useful in diagnosis of ovarian tumors. RMI and SA present similar overall diagnostic value

Modulatory effect of long-term treatment with escitalopram and clonazepam on the expression of anxiety-related neuropeptides:neuromedin U, neuropeptide S and their receptors in the rat brain

BACKGROUND: Newly identified multifunctional peptidergic modulators of stress responses: neuromedin U (NMU) and neuropeptide S (NPS) are involved in the wide spectrum of brain functions. However, there are no reports dealing with potential molecular relationships between the action of diverse anxiolytic or antidepressant drugs and NMU and NPS signaling in the brain. The present work was therefore focused on local expression of the aforementioned stress-related neuropeptides in the rat brain after long-term treatment with escitalopram and clonazepam. METHODS: Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats that were divided into 3 groups: animals injected with saline (control) and experimental individuals treated with escitalopram (at single dose 5 mg/kg daily), and clonazepam (at single dose 0.5 mg/kg). All individuals were sacrificed under anaesthesia and the whole brain excised. Total mRNA was isolated from homogenized samples of amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebellum and brainstem. Real time-PCR method was used for estimation of related NPS, NPS receptor (NPSR), NMU, NMU and receptor 2 (NMUR2) mRNA expression. The whole brains were also sliced for general immunohistochemical assessment of the neuropeptides expression. RESULTS: Chronic administration of clonazepam resulted in an increase of NMU mRNA expression and formation of NMU-expressing fibers in the amygdala, while escitalopram produced a significant decrease in NPSR mRNA level in hypothalamus. Long-term escitalopram administration affects the local expression of examined neuropeptides mRNA in a varied manner depending on the brain structure. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacological effects of escitalopram may be connected with local at least partially NPSR-related alterations in the NPS/NMU/NMUR2 gene expression at the level selected rat brain regions. A novel alternative mode of SSRI action can be therefore cautiously proposed

Effect of Escitalopram on the Number of DCX-Positive Cells and NMUR2 Receptor Expression in the Rat Hippocampus under the Condition of NPSR Receptor Blockade

Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a multifunctional regulatory factor that exhibits a potent anxiolytic activity in animal models. However, there are no reports dealing with the potential molecular interactions between the activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and NPS signaling, especially in the context of adult neurogenesis and the expression of noncanonical stress-related neuropeptides such as neuromedin U (NMU). The present work therefore focused on immunoexpression of neuromedin U receptor 2 (NMUR2) and doublecortin (DCX) in the rat hippocampus after acute treatment with escitalopram and in combination with selective neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) blockade. Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats that were divided into five groups: animals injected with saline (control) and experimental individuals treated with escitalopram (at single dose 10 mg/kg daily), escitalopram + SHA-68, a selective NPSR antagonist (at single dose 40 mg/kg), SHA-68 alone, and corresponding vehicle control. All animals were sacrificed under halothane anaesthesia. The whole hippocampi were quickly excised, fixed, and finally sliced for general qualitative immunohistochemical assessment of the NPSR and NMUR2 expression. The number of immature neurons was enumerated using immunofluorescent detection of doublecortin (DCX) expression within the subgranular zone (SGZ). Acute escitalopram administration affects the number of DCX and NMUR2-expressing cells in the adult rat hippocampus. A decreased number of DCX-expressing neuroblasts after treatment with escitalopram was augmented by SHA-68 coadministration. Early pharmacological effects of escitalopram may be at least partly connected with local NPSR-related alterations of neuroblast maturation in the rat hippocampus. Escitalopram may affect neuropeptide and DCX-expression starting even from the first dose. Adult neurogenesis may be regulated via paracrine neuropeptide S and NMU-related signaling

Być zdolnym – wspierać zdolnych

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed paperByć zdolnym – wspierać zdolnych to książka szczególna. Zawiera teksty napisane przez nauczycieli – uczestników studiów podyplomowych Praca z uczniem zdolnym. Stanowią oni pierwszą grupę specjalistów w zakresie rozpoznawania, opieki i wspierania uczniów zdolnych w województwie świętokrzyskim. Takie kadry są szczególnie potrzebne wobec zmian w systemie pracy ze zdolnymi, wdrażanych w szkołach i placówkach od roku szkolnego 2011/2012. Studia były realizowane w ramach projektu Benild – Doskonalenie Świętokrzyskich Kadr Oświaty, współfinansowanego ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego, na Uniwersytecie Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach. Celem studiów było nabywanie przez nauczycieli kompetencji w obszarze identyfikacji i wspierania uczniów zdolnych