Undecidability as solution to the problem of measurement: fundamental criterion for the production of events

In recent papers we put forth a new interpretation of quantum mechanics, colloquially known as ``the Montevideo interpretation''. This interpretation is based on taking into account fundamental limits that gravity imposes on the measurement process. As a consequence one has that situations develop where a reduction process is undecidable from an evolution operator. When such a situation is achieved, an event has taken place. In this paper we sharpen the definition of when and how events occur, more precisely we give sufficient conditions for the occurrence of events. We probe the new definition in an example. In particular we show that the concept of undecidability used is not ``FAPP'' (for all practical purposes), but fundamental.Comment: 10 pages, contributed to the Castagnino Festschrif

Computing option pricing models under transaction costs

AbstractThis paper deals with the Barles–Soner model arising in the hedging of portfolios for option pricing with transaction costs. This model is based on a correction volatility function Ψ solution of a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. In this paper we obtain relevant properties of the function Ψ which are crucial in the numerical analysis and computing of the underlying nonlinear Black–Scholes equation. Consistency and stability of the proposed numerical method are detailed and illustrative examples are given

Quantum Systems Equilibrate Rapidly for Most Observables

Considering any Hamiltonian, any initial state, and measurements with a small number of possible outcomes compared to the dimension, we show that most measurements are already equilibrated. To investigate non-trivial equilibration we therefore consider a restricted set of measurements. When the initial state is spread over many energy levels, and we consider the set of observables for which this state is an eigenstate, most observables are initially out of equilibrium yet equilibrate rapidly. Moreover, all two-outcome measurements, where one of the projectors is of low rank, equilibrate rapidly.Comment: Main Text: 5 pages, 1 figure. Appendices: 7 pages, 1 figur

The OTELO survey. A case study of [O III]4959,5007 emitters at <z> = 0.83

The OTELO survey is a very deep, blind exploration of a selected region of the Extended Groth Strip and is designed for finding emission-line sources (ELSs). The survey design, observations, data reduction, astrometry, and photometry, as well as the correlation with ancillary data used to obtain a final catalogue, including photo-z estimates and a preliminary selection of ELS, were described in a previous contribution. Here, we aim to determine the main properties and luminosity function (LF) of the [O III] ELS sample of OTELO as a scientific demonstration of its capabilities, advantages, and complementarity with respect to other surveys. The selection and analysis procedures of ELS candidates obtained using tunable filter (TF) pseudo-spectra are described. We performed simulations in the parameter space of the survey to obtain emission-line detection probabilities. Relevant characteristics of [O III] emitters and the LF([O III]), including the main selection biases and uncertainties, are presented. A total of 184 sources were confirmed as [O III] emitters at a mean redshift z=0.83. The minimum detectable line flux and equivalent width (EW) in this ELS sample are $\sim$5 $\times$ 10$^{-19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{2}$ and $\sim$6 \AA, respectively. We are able to constrain the faint-end slope ($\alpha = -1.03\pm0.08$) of the observed LF([O III]) at z=0.83. This LF reaches values that are approximately ten times lower than those from other surveys. The vast majority (84\%) of the morphologically classified [O III] ELSs are disc-like sources, and 87\% of this sample is comprised of galaxies with stellar masses of M$_\star$ $<$ 10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$.Comment: v1: 16 pages, 6 figures. Accepted in Astronomy \& Astrophysics. v2: Author added in metadat

Galaxy classification: deep learning on the OTELO and COSMOS databases

Context. The accurate classification of hundreds of thousands of galaxies observed in modern deep surveys is imperative if we want to understand the universe and its evolution. Aims. Here, we report the use of machine learning techniques to classify early- and late-type galaxies in the OTELO and COSMOS databases using optical and infrared photometry and available shape parameters: either the Sersic index or the concentration index. Methods. We used three classification methods for the OTELO database: 1) u-r color separation , 2) linear discriminant analysis using u-r and a shape parameter classification, and 3) a deep neural network using the r magnitude, several colors, and a shape parameter. We analyzed the performance of each method by sample bootstrapping and tested the performance of our neural network architecture using COSMOS data. Results. The accuracy achieved by the deep neural network is greater than that of the other classification methods, and it can also operate with missing data. Our neural network architecture is able to classify both OTELO and COSMOS datasets regardless of small differences in the photometric bands used in each catalog. Conclusions. In this study we show that the use of deep neural networks is a robust method to mine the cataloged dataComment: 20 pages, 10 tables, 14 figures, Astronomy and Astrophysics (in press

Fasciola hepatica en búfalos de la Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina

Fasciola hepática (Trematoda: Digenea) es el agente etiológico de la fasciolosis de los bóvidos. En la región el parásito causa pérdidas por decomiso de hígados y falta de rendimiento productivo de los animales afectados. La enfermedad está supeditada a la presencia de huéspedes intermediarios, caracoles pulmonados de la familia Lymnaeidae, cuyas poblaciones prosperan en ambientes acuáticos. En la Provincia de Corrientes la enfermedad se conoce desde hace mucho tiempo, afectando a bovinos y ovinos; no se hallaron datos referentes al ganado bubalino (Bubalus bubalis). El objetivo de este ensayo fue determinar la presencia del parásito en búfalos de 41 establecimientos ganaderos de diferentes departamentos de la provincia citada, en los cuales existían antecedentes de la enfermedad en bovinos. Durante los años 2005 a 2008 fueron relevados respectivamente 11, 14 y 16 establecimientos bubalinos (en total 1.200 búfalos de distintos sexos y edades), obteniéndose resultados positivos en once establecimientos (26,8%). Se refrenda que la fasciolosis aparece cuando los búfalos son introducidos en lugares ocupados previamente por bovinos infestados con F. hepatica