Reproductive Contributions of Foreign Wives in Taiwan: Similarities and Differences among Major Source Countries

In light of the entrenchment of sub-replacement fertility and the sharp increase in the stock of foreign wives in Taiwan in recent years, this research studies the reproductive contributions of Taiwan’s foreign wives from the top five source countries (China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines), based mainly on an application of a multinomial logit model to the micro data of the 2003 census of foreign wives. Our main findings are as follows. First, the overall fertility level of the foreign wives was probably somewhat higher than that of the native-born women and definitely lower than the replacement level. Second, among the five nationalities, those from China were much less reproductive than those from the other countries, mainly because the former were more prone to (1) having a rather old marriage age, (2) having a very large spousal age gap, (3) being separated or divorced, (4) having their current marriage being their second marriage, and (5) having a veteran as the husband. Third, among the four Southeast Asian nationalities, those from Indonesia and the Philippines were more reproductive than those from Thailand and Vietnam. This contrast was a muted reflection of the fertility difference in countries of origin. Fourth, for every nationality, marriage duration and marriage age were the most powerful explanatory factors and must be included in the model to avoid getting misleading estimated coefficients of other less powerful explanatory factors, whereas current age was a spurious factor that should not be used in the model. Fifth, in the context of marriage duration and marriage age, the explanatory factors with rather strong explanatory powers for at least one nationality included spousal age gap, marital status, remarriage status, co-residence with parent, and wife’s employment status. Sixth, the expected negative effect of wife’s educational attainment on lifetime fertility turned out to be either non-existent or modest. In particular, it had practically no effect on the probability of being childless. These findings implied that getting better educated foreign wives could increase the quality of their children with little or no reduction in the number of their children and in their probability of being childlessASEAN countries, China, international marriage, international migration, fertility, Taiwan

Location of Adult Children as an Attraction for Black and White Elderly Migrants in the United States

This research evaluates the location of adult children as a determinant of interstate primary migration for elderly (aged 60+) blacks and whites, over the 1985-90 period. We find that the location of adult children, as well as environmental amenities, affect the migration of both elderly blacks and whites but exert different redistribution influences on each race. Our results support the migration implications of Eugene Litwak's theory of the "modified extended family", which is considered to be more viable than the isolated nuclear family in a modern society.elderly migrants

Reproductive contributions of Taiwan´s foreign wives from the top five source countries

This research studies the reproductive contributions of Taiwan’s foreign wives from China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines, based on applications of the multinomial logit model to the micro data of the 2003 Census of Foreign Spouses. Wives from China are found to have the lowest lifetime fertility of 1.4 children, mainly because they were more prone to marry later, have a very large spousal age gap, be separated or divorced, and have their current marriage be their second marriage. The effect of wife’s educational attainment on lifetime fertility turned out to be either modest or nonexistent.fertility, international marriage, international migration, reproductive contribution, Taiwan

Integrative Use of Information Extraction, Semantic Matchmaking and Adaptive Coupling Techniques in Support of Distributed Information Processing and Decision-Making

In order to press maximal cognitive benefit from their social, technological and informational environments, military coalitions need to understand how best to exploit available information assets as well as how best to organize their socially-distributed information processing activities. The International Technology Alliance (ITA) program is beginning to address the challenges associated with enhanced cognition in military coalition environments by integrating a variety of research and development efforts. In particular, research in one component of the ITA ('Project 4: Shared Understanding and Information Exploitation') is seeking to develop capabilities that enable military coalitions to better exploit and distribute networked information assets in the service of collective cognitive outcomes (e.g. improved decision-making). In this paper, we provide an overview of the various research activities in Project 4. We also show how these research activities complement one another in terms of supporting coalition-based collective cognition

Applying analogy reasoning in the analysis of poster design

[[abstract]]Method is basic tool to all business’ development. Its metaphysical part is reasoning method and its physical part is behavior method. Method exists in people’s thought at any time or appears in behaviors. During researcher’s self learning process, most of creative reasoning is self-exploration based only on inspiration. And it often leads into exhaustion of ideas and deviated direction of reasoning. Within communication designs, people always look for methods using visual symbols to express thought and emotions, using figures to store memory and knowledge, and making it procedural and simple to convey messages. However, interconnection and interpenetration among different things can be considered by analogy. Besides, scientific reasoning will be fully developed and plentiful imaginations will be used. According to the viewpoints above, this study is going to focus on analogy-related created reasoning techniques. For the aspect of behaviors, the researcher will apply analogy within design methods in the analysis of international prize-winning projects on poster design in Taiwan. By this, the researcher can understand these designers’ analogy-applying habits on reasoning methods and design behaviors. And the researcher will also apply the study result in the actual poster design and teaching design afterward.

《史記》忌諱叙事與《春秋》書法 : 以征伐匈奴之相關人事為例

忌諱叙事，緣於“切當世之文而罔褒”,有所刺譏褒諱挹損之文辭，不可以書見”，故推見至隱，筆削見義，寓微辭以譏諷之。忌諱叙事之焦點，在關注如何為尊者諱恥、為長者諱過。司馬遷《史記》叙武帝征討匈奴事，本文選取相關史傳四篇：《李將軍列傳》，叙討伐匈奴之功過，太史公詭辭謬稱，刺譏褒諱有功不賞。《衛將軍驃騎列傳》，叙衛青、霍去病征討匈奴，所獲不如所亡；衛、霍將略，太史公所不取。言外褒贬，實與而文不與。《匈奴列傳》，不敢斥言武帝窮兵黷武，乃托辭擇任將相。《平準書》，直書為邊費耗財而興利平準，因平準而滋長鬻爵酷吏。聚斂攘奪不可以書見，故或筆或削以見義。司馬遷擅長“於叙事中寓論斷”，以屬辭比事為脈絡，體現或書或不書之筆削去取。主體論文分為三部分：一，《史記》叙征伐興利與《春秋》筆削：（一）《春秋》書法與《史記》之筆削見義。（二）征戰興利，或書或不書，筆削以見義。二，征戰匈奴與《史記》之《春秋》書法、忌諱叙事：（一）《平準書》據事直書，寓論斷於叙事之中。(二）《李將軍列傳》於叙事中即見其指。（三）比事屬辭與《匈奴列傳》之忌諱叙事。三，征伐匈奴與《史記》之曲筆諱書、詭辭謬稱：（一）曲筆諱書，微婉顯晦，推見以至隱。（二）詭辭謬稱，實與而文不與。 Why is there such a thing as taboo narrative? Because according to The Analects, Confucius wrote Chun Qiu in accordance with the incidents of the time when sarcasm, praises, and criticism were taboos and cannot be written, therefore authors appropriated writing skills and hidden words to satirize. The main point of taboo narrative is to show how the authority taboos shame or mistakes of the elders. Sima Qian wrote four essays on the war between Emperor Wu of Han and Xiongnu in Shi Ji, which I will discuss in this paper. Among these four, Biography of General Lee describes the contribution and mistakes of this war. Sima Qian satirized the ways in which people’s contribution was omitted. Biography of General Wei discusses why the reward of the war with Xiongnu, led by Wei Qing and Huo Qu Bing, did not make up for the loss it cost. Because of this, Sima Qian did not identify Wei and Huo with their ability of leading troops. Sima Qian used taboo narrative to imply something beyond what was written. Biography of Xiongnu describes how he did not dare to criticize Emperor Wu of Han’s war attempts, and instead said that problems occurred because the right person was not assigned the right job. The Treatise of the Balanced Standard directly describes how the emperor evened the price increase because of the war, and how this led to the increase of unsuitable government officials. Accumulating wealth by unfair means and robbery were things that could not be written, thus they were hidden but could be discovered by analyzing the writing method. Sima Qian was good at such method known as commenting within descriptions. The paper is divided into three parts. First of all, the description regarding the war as recorded in Shi Ji and the writing method of Chun Qiu, including the writing method of Chun Qiu and revealing the meaning of Shi Ji through its writing method. Second, the war with Xiongnu and the writing method of Chun Qiu in Shi Ji and taboo description, including The Treatise of the Balanced Standard, Biography of General Lee, and Biography of Xiongnu

Quasi-Experimental Evaluations of Pediatric Health Care: Clinical Practice Guidelines and Insurance Coverage

The underlying theme of this dissertation is the effects of clinical and federal policy on health, utilization, and expenditures among children and young adults. In Chapter 1, I evaluate the clinical and economic benefits of clinical practice guidelines recommending universal cerebrospinal fluid testing in the emergency department for febrile infants aged 29-56 days. Using a difference-in-differences approach and administrative data from 31 U.S. children’s hospitals, I find that these guidelines are not associated with better clinical outcomes or lower health care spending, suggesting that many families of older infants could be spared the stress associated with cerebrospinal fluid testing without harm. The optimal management of older febrile infants in the emergency department has been debated for decades, and results from this study have the potential to change clinical practice at the hospital level. In Chapter 2, I assess the impact of the Affordable Care Act dependent coverage provision on health care utilization, health, and health care expenditures among young adults aged 19-25 years. Using a difference-in-differences analysis of nationally representative data, I find that implementation of the provision was associated with improved self-reported health and improved financial protection against the costs of health care among young adults. These findings highlight the importance of continued efforts to expand insurance coverage in this population. In Chapter 3, I investigate whether insurance coverage loss drives differences in access and health care utilization between older adolescents and young adults with asthma. I find that young adults with asthma are less likely to have a usual source of care, to use outpatient care, and to fill asthma medication prescriptions compared with older adolescents with asthma. Differences in insurance coverage account for large proportions of these differences. In a longitudinal analysis, I also find that older adolescents with asthma who lose insurance coverage as they transition to young adulthood are less likely to have a usual source of care. Taken as a whole, these results suggest that insurance coverage plays a crucial role in ensuring access to care and encouraging optimal health care utilization patterns for adolescents and young adults with asthma.Health Polic

Chern dartboard insulator: sub-Brillouin zone topology and skyrmion multipoles

Topology plays a crucial role in many physical systems, leading to interesting states at the surface. The paradigmatic example is the Chern number defined in the Brillouin zone that leads to the robust gapless edge states. Here we introduce the reduced Chern number, defined in subregions of the Brillouin zone (BZ), and construct a family of Chern dartboard insulators (CDIs) with quantized reduced Chern numbers in the sub-BZ (sBZ) but with trivial bulk topology. CDIs are protected by mirror symmetries and exhibit distinct pseudospin textures, including (anti)skyrmions, inside the sBZ. These CDIs host exotic gapless edge states, such as M\"{o}bius fermions and midgap corner states, and can be realized in photonic crystals. Our work opens up new possibilities for exploring sBZ topology and nontrivial surface responses in topological systems

Why Employee Turnover? The influence of Chinese Management and Organizational Justice

Employee turnover is an important topic in organizational behavior research. Understanding how to address turnover in Chinese organizations is also a practice problem. The aim of this paper is to explore the impact of paternalistic leadership (authoritarianism, benevolence, and morality) on employee turnover and examine the moderating effect of organizational justice (distributive justice, interactional justice, and procedural justice). Data were collected from 207 supervisor and subordinate dyads of 51 stores in a Chinese food and beverage company. Paternalistic leadership and organizational justice were initially collected from subordinates. After six months, employee turnover was collected from supervisors. The results indicate that benevolent and moral leadership were both negatively related to employee turnover. Authoritarianism failed to predict employee turnover. Furthermore, the relationship between authoritarianism and employee turnover is moderated by distributive justice and procedural justice. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed

Investigation of the 1+1 dimensional Thirring model using the method of matrix product states

We present preliminary results of a study on the non-thermal phase structure of the (1+1) dimensional massive Thirring model, employing the method of matrix product states. Through investigating the entanglement entropy, the fermion correlators and the chiral condensate, it is found that this approach enables us to observe numerical evidence of a Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in the model.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures; contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2018 conferenc