Electromyographic Pattern during Gait Initiation Differentiates Yoga Practitioners among Physically Active Older Subjects

During gait initiation, postural adjustments are needed to deal with balance and movement. With aging, gait initiation changes and reflects functional degradation of frailty individuals. However, physical activities have demonstrated beneficial effects of daily motor tasks. The aim of our study was to compare center of pressure (COP) displacement and ankle muscle co-activation during gait initiation in two physically active groups: a group of walkers (n = 12; mean age ± SD 72.6 ± 3.2 years) and a yoga group (n = 11; 71.5 ± 3.8 years). COP trajectory and electromyography of leg muscles were recorded simultaneously during five successive trials of gait initiation. Our main finding was that yoga practitioners had slower COP displacements (p < 0.01) and lower leg muscles % of coactivation (p < 0.01) in comparison with walkers. These parameters which characterized gait initiation control were correlated (r = 0.76; p < 0.01). Our results emphasize that lengthy ankle muscle co-activation and COP path in gait initiation differentiate yoga practitioners among physically active subjects

PARAMETRES TEMPORELS ET DYNAMIQUES DE LA MARCHE EN CAS D'INEGALITE DE LONGUEUR DES MEMBRES INFERIEURS CHEZ LE SUJET SAIN (ETUDE PRELIMINAIRE)

AMIENS-BU Santé (800212102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Hémophilie A mineure (revue de la littérature à propos d'un cas)

Objectifs : A partir d'une observation d'accident hémorragique avec complications neurologiques chez un patient hémophile A mineur , ce travail rappelle les mécanismes , les conséquences et les modalités thérapeutiques de l'hémophilie A , avant de rapporter une étude bibliographique sur les caractéristiques propres aux patients atteints d' hémophilie A mineure . Résultats : Il apparaît que les patients hémophiles A mineurs ont des attentes et besoins qui ne sont pas les mêmes que les patients plus sévèrement atteints . Le traitement par Desmopressine , plus maniable qu'un traitement classique par injection de concentrés de F VIII , leur apporte une meilleure qualité de vie . La faible probabilité d'accident hémorragique chez ces patients et le fait de ne pas devoir se traiter régulièrement peut induire chez certains un déni de la maladie , avec des comportements à risque . Mais l'hémophilie A mineure , en cas d'accident hémorragique , expose ces patients aux mêmes complications que l'hémophilie sévère , au premier rang desquelles l'arthropathie hémophilique et l'apparition d'inhibiteurs . Conclusion : Le suivi et l'information des patients hémophiles A mineurs , viserait ici à limiter le risque de méconnaissance et de banalisation de leur maladie , et à éviter des conduites inadaptées en cas d'accident hémorragique .AMIENS-BU Santé (800212102) / SudocSudocFranceF

APPORT DES SEMELLES A MULTI-CAPTEURS DE PRESSION DANS L'ANALYSE DE LA MARCHE DU SUJET SAIN ET APRES SCIATIQUE PARALYSANTE

AMIENS-BU Santé (800212102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Analyse posturographique, cinétique, électromyographique de l'influence d'une pratique physique sur le contrôle de l'équilibre et de la marche chez la personne âgée (mise au point du protocole)

Le vieillissement est associé à une diminution des capacités du contrôle de l équilibre. Nous avons cherché à mettre en évidence, chez 7 sujets de plus de 70 ans, une amélioration du contrôle postural après un entraînement de 3 mois en Ta Chi (TC) et chez 7 sujets de plus de 70 ans pratiquant le Yoga. Lors du maintien d une posture bipodale (étude 1), nous faisons l hypothèse d une diminution de la raideur musculaire par la pratique. L analyse des paramètres spatio-temporels de la marche (étude 2) montre une diminution de la part relative de la période de double appui. Au cours de l initiation de la marche (étude 3), nous montrons une modification lors du transfert du poids associée à une diminution de la coactivation des muscles de la jambe. Le TC et le Yoga semblent limiter les dégradations liées au vieillissement, mais un effectif plus important et une comparaison avec d autres activités sont nécessaires pour mettre en évidence le bénéfice de ce type d activité.AMIENS-BU Santé (800212102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Follow-up of ankle stiffness and electromechanical delay in immobilized children: Three cases studies

International audienceClinical manual tests refer to increased ankle stiffness in children immobilized due to hip osteochondritis. The aim of the present study was to investigate musculo-articular stiffness via different techniques in immobilized children to confirm or not and quantify these observations. Ankle stiffness was quantified monthly during the long immobilization period in three diseased children and compared to healthy age-matched children. Sinusoidal perturbations were used to evaluate musculo-articular (MA) stiffness of the ankle plantar-flexors. The stiffness index (SI(MA-EMG)) was the slope of the linear relationship between angular stiffness and plantar-flexion torque normalized with electromyographic activity of the triceps surae (TS). The stiffness of the ankle plantar-flexors was also indirectly evaluated using the TS electromechanical delay (EMD). SI(MA-EMG) was greater for diseased children, and this higher stiffness was confirmed by the higher EMD values found in these immobilized children. Furthermore, both parameters indicated that ankle stiffness continues to increase through immobilization period. This study gives a quantitative evaluation of ankle stiffness changes through the immobilization period imposed to children treated for hip osteochondritis. The use of EMD measurement to indirectly evaluate these stiffness changes is also validated. This study shed for the first time some light into the patterns of muscle modifications following immobilization in children

Effects of multimodal training program on muscle deoxygenation in women with breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract Purpose Chemotherapy and/or radiation are the most often delivered treatments to cancer patients. Usually during the adjuvant treatment, patients complain about fatigue. In addition, physical exercise during adjuvant treatment of cancer seems to have beneficial effects. The aim of this investigation was to assess the effects of multimodal aerobic and strength exercises programs on muscle deoxygenation of patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy treatment. Methods Thirty-two women with breast cancer (20 patients as the training group and 12 patients as the control group) undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy participated in the study. The training group took part in 6 weeks of supervised intermittent aerobic cycling, home-based walking, isometric and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) exercise training programs. The Outcome measures were muscle deoxygenation (ΔHHb), Maximal Voluntary isometric Contraction (MViC) and Endurance Time (ET) before and after the training period. Results Compared to the control group, a significant increase in ΔHHb (P < 0.01) accompanied with an increase in ET (P < 0.01) and MViC (P < 0.01) of the quadriceps was obtained in the training group. However, no significant differences of MViC, ET and ΔHHb were observed in the control group. Conclusion Multimodal aerobic and strength exercise programs enhance muscle oxygen utilization, which may partly explain the improvement in muscular strength and endurance, and the reduction of muscle fatigue in patients with breast cancer during an adjuvant chemotherapy period