Multiplication of Crowns

It is known that the only nite topological spaces that are H-spaces are the discrete spaces. For a nite poset which is weakly equivalent to an H-space, a generalized multiplication may be found after suitable sub-division. In this paper we construct minimal models of the k-fold generalised multiplications of circles in the category of relational structures, including poset models. In particular, we obtain higher dimensional analogues of a cer-tain ternary multiplication of crown

An SEIRS epidemic model with stochastic transmission

For an SEIRS epidemic model with stochastic perturbations on transmission from the susceptible class to the latent and infectious classes, we prove the existence of global positive solutions. For sufficiently small values of the perturbation parameter, we prove the almost surely exponential stability of the disease-free equilibrium whenever a certain invariant R? is below unity. Here R?<R, the latter being the basic reproduction number of the underlying deterministic model. Biologically, the main result has the following significance for a disease model that has an incubation phase of the pathogen: A small stochastic perturbation on the transmission rate from susceptible to infectious via the latent phase will enhance the stability of the disease-free state if both components of the perturbation are non-trivial; otherwise the stability will not be disturbed. Simulations illustrate the main stability theorem.IS

A contribution to the foundations of the theory of Quasifibration

The concept of quasifibration was invented by Dold and Thom (DT]. May (M2] approached quasifibrations from a new angle, making use of n-equivalences. This dissertation presents a study of the notion of n-equivalences and related types of maps. The first of our two main goals is to prove a result, Theorem 5.1, which generalizes the fundamental theorem (DT; Satz 2.2] by Dold and Thom on globalization of quasifibrations. Secondly we show that by means of adjunction or clutching constructions, this theorem enables us to retrieve the famous results of James (J2; Theorem 1.2 and Theorem 1.3] in his work on suspension of spheres. The results of James appear in the thesis as Theorem 13.8. For some of the applications we need a generalized version of n-equivalence. This generalization entails replacing, in the definition of n-equivalence, the isomorphisms by isomorphisms modulo a suitable Serre class [Se] of abelian groups. For the sake of having the thesis self-contained, we include a formal discussion of localization of 1-connected spaces and Serre classes of abelian groups. This summarizes the scope of the thesis. More detail on the content of the thesis will be given after we have sketched a historical perspective on quasifibrations

Relative homotopy in relational structures

The homotopy groups of a finite partially ordered set (poset) can be described entirely in the context of posets, as shown in a paper by B. Larose and C. Tardif. In this paper we describe the relative version of such a homotopy theory, for pairs (X, A) where X is a poset and A is a subposet of X. We also prove some theorems on the relevant version of the notion of weak homotopy equivalences for maps of pairs of such objects. We work in the category of reflexive binary relational structures which contains the posets as in the work of Larose and Tardif

An optimal portfolio and capital management strategy for basel III compliant commercial banks

We model a Basel III compliant commercial bank that operates in a financial market consisting of a treasury security, a marketable security, and a loan and we regard the interest rate in the market as being stochastic. We find the investment strategy that maximizes an expected utility of the bank’s asset portfolio at a future date. This entails obtaining formulas for the optimal amounts of bank capital invested in different assets. Based on the optimal investment strategy, we derive a model for the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), which the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) introduced as a measure against banks’ susceptibility to failure. Furthermore, we consider the optimal investment strategy subject to a constant CAR at the minimum prescribed level. We derive a formula for the bank’s asset portfolio at constant (minimum) CAR value and present numerical simulations on different scenarios. Under the optimal investment strategy, the CAR is above the minimum prescribed level. The value of the asset portfolio is improved if the CAR is at its (constant) minimum value

Generalizing the Hilton–Mislin genus group

For any group H, let H be the set of all isomorphism classes of groups K such that K H . For a finitely generated group H having finite commu- Ž .tator subgroup H, H , we define a group structure on H in terms of embed- dings of K into H, for groups K of which the isomorphism classes belong to Ž . H . If H is nilpotent, then the group we obtain coincides with the genus group Ž .GG H defined by Hilton and Mislin. We obtain some new results on Hilton Mislin genus groups as well as generalizations of known results

An SEIR model with infected immigrants and recovered emigrants

We present a deterministic SEIR model of the said form. The population in point can be considered as consisting of a local population together with a migrant subpopulation. The migrants come into the local population for a short stay. In particular, the model allows for a constant inflow of individuals into different classes and a constant outflow of individuals from the R-class. The system of ordinary differential equations has positive solutions and the infected classes remain above specified threshold levels. The equilibrium points are shown to be asymptotically stable. The utility of the model is demonstrated by way of an application to measles. © 2021, The Author(s)

Generalizing the Hilton–Mislin genus group

For any group H, let H be the set of all isomorphism classes of groups K such that K H . For a finitely generated group H having finite commu- Ž .tator subgroup H, H , we define a group structure on H in terms of embed- dings of K into H, for groups K of which the isomorphism classes belong to Ž . H . If H is nilpotent, then the group we obtain coincides with the genus group Ž .GG H defined by Hilton and Mislin. We obtain some new results on Hilton Mislin genus groups as well as generalizations of known results

A stochastic TB model for a crowded environment

We propose a stochastic compartmental model for the population dynamics of tuberculosis. The model is applicable to crowded environments such as for people in high density camps or in prisons. We start off with a known ordinary differential equation model, and we impose stochastic perturbation.We prove the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions of a stochastic model. We introduce an invariant generalizing thebasic reproductionnumber andprove the stabilityof thedisease-free equilibriumwhen it is below unity or slightly higher than unity and the perturbation is small. Ourmain theorem implies that the stochastic perturbation enhances stability of the disease-free equilibrium of the underlying deterministic model. Finally, we perform some simulations to illustrate the analytical findings and the utility of the model