Financing a Greater New York and an American Empire

This paper examines the connections between municipal bond financing in early 1900s New York, the portfolios of the city's largest banks, and the use of expertise by both urban reformers and international financial advisors

Reshaping Management Effectiveness and Its Effect on Organizational Resilience in Multinational Enterprises

Given the state of accelerating change in technology, globalization, and society, long-term planning has become challenging, thus improving organizational resilience to environmental change has become more important. The management problem addressed the need for strategies to improve organization resilience in the face of environmental change. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of managers to use a firm\u27s human, financial, and technological resources to improve organizational resilience. The lived experiences of organizational leaders in addressing organizational resilience was the central research question. The conceptual framework was built on the World Economic Forum\u27s National Resilience Beta Framework and Kotter\u27s 8-stage process. Data collection involved interviews with 21 managers from American multinational enterprises. Collected data were sorted by use of open and axial coding techniques. The findings of this study underscored the need for leaders to make management capability a priority toward building resilient firms. Management strategies including management intent, data driven decision making, enlightened leadership, and continued building of relationships with stakeholders improved organizational resilience. In reshaping managerial effectiveness and capability, the study\u27s findings may contribute to social change by encouraging collaboration among leaders and stakeholders to effect strategies for organizational and environmental resilience

Systematic review of behaviour change techniques to promote participation in physical activity among people with dementia

Purpose. The objective of this study was to systematically review the evidence for the potential promise of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to increase physical activity among people with dementia (PWD). Methods. PsychINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched 01/01/2000 - 01/12/2016. Randomised controlled / quasi-randomised trials were included if they recruited people diagnosed / suspected to have dementia, used at least one BCT in the intervention arm, and had at least one follow-up measure of physical activity / adherence. Studies were appraised using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool, and BCTs were coded using Michie et al.’s (2013) taxonomy. Intervention findings were narratively synthesised as either ‘very promising’, ‘quite promising’, or ‘non-promising’, and BCTs were judged as having potential promise if they featured in at least twice as many very / quite promising than non-promising interventions (as per Gardner et al., 2016). Results. Nineteen articles from 9 trials reported physical activity findings on behavioural outcomes (2 very promising, 1 quite promising, and 2 non-promising) or intervention adherence (1 quite promising and 4 non-promising). Thirteen BCTs were used across the interventions. While no BCT had potential promise to increase intervention adherence, three BCTs had potential promise for improving physical activity behaviour outcomes: goal setting (behaviour), social support (unspecified), and using a credible source. Conclusions. Three BCTs have potential promise for use in future interventions to increase physical activity among PWD. PROSPERO registration number: 2015:CRD42015020219

Female CEO Leadership: Viewing Global Strategy Through a Systems Archetype Lens

The world is experiencing unprecedented changes and the challenges global corporations face are reshaping what it means to lead in turbulent times. Few studies have sought to look at the experiences of female chief executive officers (CEOs) relative to how they strategize corporate transformation. This study is designed to advance the knowledge of how women appointed to CEO positions navigate the responsibility of managing failing conglomerates. While ample research shows situational factors that got women to their positions, there is little research that shows what keeps them there. The problem addressed is fundamental to the development of women for CEO succession in global corporations. The central question asked is, “What are the experiences of female CEOs in transforming downward performing corporations?” To frame the central question, a systems archetype is used as a diagnostic tool for understanding the complexities present within the business environment that affect strategy formulation and performance

Caseflow Management Handbook : GUIDE FOR ENHANCED COURT ADMINISTRATION IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS

Caseflow Management Handbook – Guide for Enhanced Court Administration in Civil Proceedings The aim of the handbook is to provide a practical facilitation guide and source of ideas for improvement, as well as provide general analysis, guidelines and advices for carrying out improvement work in courts. The handbook focuses on civil proceedings. The handbook consists of five main chapters: • Legislative measures for timeliness in civil proceedings • Judicial case management • Performance management • Use of ICT in court proceedings • EU cross-border disputes. Each main chapter is divided to several improvement areas. Each of the improvement areas contains analysis and description of the general improvement needs, challenges and opportunities, as well as practical improvement examples from different European countries. More examples of European practices can be found from the site Inventory of Caseflow Management practices. The handbook is based on literature, interviews and expert workshops. Literature reviews has been used to formulate the subjects and improvement areas and to conduct general analysis of them. The examples presented in the handbook are collected and formulated based on individual interviews (judges, clerks, court administrators and court managers) and available court improvement material. At the moment the handbook includes examples altogether from 12 different European countries (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Estonia, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden). The role of the examples is to give a short and enliven overview of practical experiences related to the subject at hand. Examples are formulated diversely: including both broader descriptions of procedures, as well as more detailed practice explanations and individual opinions. Expert workshops have been arranged to analyze, refine and summarize the results from literature reviews and interviews. Court operation experts (both practitioners and academics) have participated to the workshops