Pengembangan Model Program Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan Perusahaan Kehutanan, Perkebunan dan Pertambangan di Kalimantan Timur

Model Development Program Social Responsibility and Corporate Environment Forestry, Plantation and mining in East Kalimantan. Social and Environmental Responsibility (TJSL) which can be defined as a Vendor moral responsibility towards their stakeholders, particularly the community around the work area or oprasionality. TJSL can be understood as an attempt commitment to act ethically, operating legally and contribute to economic improvement along with improved quality of life of employees and their families, the local community and the wider community. Related to the disclosure of Social Responsibility and Environment there are some standards to measure the disclosure of social and environmental responsibility, one of which is TJSL disclosure guidelines by the Global Reporting Index of Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI). The guidelines of the GRI is widely used as a benchmark by the researchers to measure the disclosure policy of corporate social responsibility. Through this report, companies demonstrate accountability and transparency in the implementation of social and environmental responsibility. Therefore it is necessary to see (1). Is the company in East Kalimantan has implemented a Social and Environmental Responsibility (TJSL) in accordance with the GRI standards? (2). How to model the development of Social and Environmental Responsibility (TJSL) in accordance with the conditions in East Kalimantan? The purpose of this study are: (1). Identify the activities TJSL, (2). Know and analyze the fit between the disclosure of the implementation of the Social and Environmental Responsibility (GRI standards) and actual conditions (3). Formulating alternatives and developing implementation strategies Social and Environmental Responsibility in accordance with the conditions of East Kalimantan. Research taking samples (purposive sampling) in (1). PT Surya Hutani Jaya (concession / Industrial Plantation Forest) (2). PT Gunta Samba (oil palm) (3). PT Kaltim Prima Coal (coal mining). Explorative study, by combining methods of study documentation (study documentation) from various secondary data sources and methods directly (direct methods), namely in the field of primary data collection by interview (interview) and observation (field observation). In general, the study results showed that the Program of Social and Environmental Responsibility (TJSL) basically implemented by all major land-based company in East Kalimantan, particularly the three companies were to be the case to be investigated, to PT. Hutani Surya Jaya / PT. SHJ (Industrial Plantation Forest); 30.57% of the informants said the company has been run TJSL, 59.06% of the informants said the company does not run TJSL and 10.36% of informants claimed not to know.PT. Gunta Samba / PT. GS (Palm Oil); 27.20% of the informants said the company has been run TJSL, 41.68% of the informants said the company does not run TJSL and 31.17% of informants claimed not to know, And PT. Kaltim Prima Coal / PT. KPC (coal mining); 44.80% of the informants said the company has been run TJSL. 44.20% of informants stated the company does not run TJSL and 11.00% of informants claimed not to know. All three companies are not fully utilizing the criteria Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Similarly, the General Model Development TJSL program consisting of: Input; Diagnosis and Design; Reference; Rationalization and implementation. It can be proposed three (3) models TJSL development, namely: (1) Model-based TJSL input from Down (Bottom-Up Model); (2) Model-based TJSL input from the Top (Top-Down Model); and Model Two-Way (Bilateral-Matching Model).Thus the government should be of national, provincial first district / city in East Kalimantan is more serious to regulate and control the TJSL program especially for land-based industries. This is because regarding hajad life and future of the people, especially the smaller communities that live in / on and on natural resources exploited by large-scale investors; the Government, in particular the Government of East Kalimantan, it is necessary to consider that TJSL is an integral part of the process National development / Local

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 1: Method of analysis

Weight and envelope dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines are estimated within plus or minus 5% to 10% using a computer method based on correlations of component weight and design features of 29 data base engines. Rotating components are estimated by a preliminary design procedure where blade geometry, operating conditions, material properties, shaft speed, hub-tip ratio, etc., are the primary independent variables used. The development and justification of the method selected, the various methods of analysis, the use of the program, and a description of the input/output data are discussed

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 2: User's manual

For abstract, see N77-25171

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 3: Programmer's manual

For abstract, see N77-25171

Potensi Karbon Tanah di Bawah Tegakan Sengon (Paraserianthes Falcataria L) pada Areal Ipkh PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma Desa Kuala Dua Kabupaten Kuburaya

This research objectives is to estimate the amount of pool carbon ( below ground and abone ground) under the sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L) stand groun at aluvial and peat land in the area of wood processing industry forest plywood PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma.Methodelogy applied four carbon stock soil sampel is to make 4 plot size 0,5x0,5 m2 under the stand of sengon composite mixing plet soil sampel 30 cm depith every plot. Were analyzed the result of carbon stock in the soil of aluvial land is 31,3 g/cm2 and 467,28 g/cm2 in the soil of peat land. Estimate the biomass above ground (ABG) of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L) stands using allometrick Y =0,00272D 2,831, the result for aluvial land 153,34 kg/pohon and peat land 192,58 kg/pohon. Keyword: Biomass, diameter, sengon, soil carbon Keyword: Biomass, diameter, sengon, soil carbo

Coherent QED, Giant Resonances and (e+e−)(e^{+}e^{-}) Pairs in High Energy Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

We show that the coherent oscillations of the e.m. field induced by the collective quantum fluctuations of the nuclear matter field associated with the giant resonances, with frequencies $\omega_{A}\simeq 78A^{-{1/3}}$ MeV, give rise to a significant $(e^+e^-)$ pair production in high energy Heavy Ion collisions. The approximate parameterless calculation of such yield is in good agreement with recent experimental observations.Comment: 27 pages, 13 figure

Factors influencing lenght of hospital stay in community-acquired pneumonia: a study in 27 community hospitals

We did a retrospective study of 1920 episodes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in 27 community hospitals and analysed inter-hospital variability in length of hospital stay (LOS), mortality and readmission rates. The overall adjusted LOS (mean¡S.D.) was 10. 0¡9. 8 days. LOS increased according to the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) risk class: 7.3 days for class I to 11. 3 days for class V (P<0.001). In a multiple regression model, LOS increased (P<0.001) according to the hospital (inter-hospital variability), PSI risk class, complications during hospitalization, admission to ICU, need of oxygen and transfer to a nursing home. Hospitals with shorter LOS did not show an increased readmission rate (adjusted OR 1.02, 95% CI 0. 51-2.03, P=0.97) and post-discharge mortality (adjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.70-2.05, P=0.51). There are significant inter-hospital variations in LOS in patients with CAP which are related to differences in clinical management. The reduction of these differences will further improve efficiency and quality of care

Congenital Pyriform Sinus Fistula: Systematic Review and Proposal for Treatment Using a Novel Endoscopic Approach

The pyriform sinus fistula (PSF) is a congenital developmental defect of the third or fourth branchial pouch. It presents as acute inflammatory swelling of the neck with recurrent deep neck abscesses, recurrent neck cystic lesions or suppurative thyroiditis. The literature reports various surgical approaches to treat this condition in children. A systematic review of the literature related to management protocols for PSF was conducted and we report a case exemplifying treatment in our department. Traditionally, treatment for PSF has been open surgery; however, in the last few decades, the minimally invasive transoral endoscopic approach has gained in importance, demonstrating long-term outcomes comparable to open surgery and with lower morbidity, and it has now become the first-choice treatment. We further describe a case of PSF treated by a transoral endoscopic approach with electric cauterization, fibrin glue obliteration of the fistula and Polydimethylsiloxane (Vox-Implants®, Bioplasty, Geleen, The Netherlands) submucosal injection. According to the authors, application of Vox-Implants® injection, in addition to standard techniques, may be helpful to reduce fistula recurrence rate after surgery