Значення адаптаційних реакцій для внутрішньої патології

На основании исследования нервной, эндокринной, иммунной систем, воспаления, гемостаза приведена характеристика общих неспецифических адаптационных реакций - стресса, ориентировки, спокойной и повышенной активации, переактивации, неполноценной адаптации. Обоснована целесообразность использования адаптационных реакций для оценки состояния реактивности больного и эффективности терапии.It was studied characteristics of the adaptations types and adaptational reactions showed that these reactions (stress, orientation, quiet and raised activation, overactivation, defective adaptation) are characterized by different parameters of nervous, immune, endocrine systems, inflammation, hemostasis. We suppose that adaptational reactions can be used as criterions of reactivity and treatment effectiveness

Automating the measurement of physiological parameters: a case study in the image analysis of cilia motion

International audienceAs image processing and analysis techniques improve, an increasing number of procedures in bio-medical analyses can be automated. This brings many benefits, e.g improved speed and accuracy, leading to more reliable diagnoses and follow-up, ultimately improving patients outcome. Many automated procedures in bio-medical imaging are well established and typically consist of detecting and counting various types of cells (e.g. blood cells, abnormal cells in Pap smears, and so on). In this article we propose to automate a different and difficult set of measurements, which is conducted on the cilia of people suffering from a variety of respiratory tract diseases. Cilia are slender, microscopic, hair-like structures or organelles that extend from the surface of nearly all mammalian cells. Motile cilia, such as those found in the lungs and respiratory tract, present a periodic beating motion that keep the airways clear of mucus and dirt. In this paper, we propose a fully automated method that computes various measurements regarding the motion of cilia, taken with high-speed video-microscopy. The advantage of our approach is its capacity to automatically compute robust, adaptive and regionalized measurements, i.e. associated with different regions in the image. We validate the robustness of our approach, and illustrate its performance in comparison to the state-of-the-art

Results of the first Arctic Heat Open Science Experiment

Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2018. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99 (2018): 513-520, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0323.1.Seasonally ice-covered marginal seas are among the most difficult regions in the Arctic to study. Physical constraints imposed by the variable presence of sea ice in all stages of growth and melt make the upper water column and air–sea ice interface especially challenging to observe. At the same time, the flow of solar energy through Alaska’s marginal seas is one of the most important regulators of their weather and climate, sea ice cover, and ecosystems. The deficiency of observing systems in these areas hampers forecast services in the region and is a major contributor to large uncertainties in modeling and related climate projections. The Arctic Heat Open Science Experiment strives to fill this observation gap with an array of innovative autonomous floats and other near-real-time weather and ocean sensing systems. These capabilities allow continuous monitoring of the seasonally evolving state of the Chukchi Sea, including its heat content. Data collected by this project are distributed in near–real time on project websites and on the Global Telecommunications System (GTS), with the objectives of (i) providing timely delivery of observations for use in weather and sea ice forecasts, for model, and for reanalysis applications and (ii) supporting ongoing research activities across disciplines. This research supports improved forecast services that protect and enhance the safety and economic viability of maritime and coastal community activities in Alaska. Data are free and open to all (see www.pmel.noaa.gov/arctic-heat/).This work was supported by NOAA Ocean and Atmospheric Research and the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA15OAR4320063 and by the Innovative Technology for Arctic Exploration (ITAE) program at JISAO/PMEL. Jayne, Robbins, and Ekholm were supported by ONR (N00014-12-10110)

Land, history or modernization? Explaining ethnic fractionalization

Ethnic fractionalization (EF) is frequently used as an explanatory tool in models of economic development, civil war and public goods provision. However, if EF is endogenous to political and economic change, its utility for further research diminishes. This turns out not to be the case. This paper provides the first comprehensive model of EF as a dependent variable. It contributes new data on the founding date of the largest ethnic group in each state. It builds political and international variables into the analysis alongside historical and geoclimatic parameters. It extends previous work by testing models of politically relevant EF. In addition, this research interprets model results in light of competing theories of nationalism and political change. Results show that cross-national variation in EF is largely exogenous to modern politico-economic change. However, the data are inconclusive with respect to competing geoclimatic, historical institutional and modernist theories of ethnogenesis

Which support is provided in which country? Patterns among older adults in Europe

This paper proposes comparative research on support provided outside the household by older adults in Europe. In studying social support, the network perspective is widely used, investigating, in particular, the ego-centered support networks of individuals. The analysis is based on data from Wave 7 of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). It examines the characteristics of ego-support networks of individuals aged 65 and over in 12 European countries, which are grouped into a novel welfare regime typology. Through Multiple Correspondence Analysis, we jointly looked into the categorical variables describing the recipients (alters) of the support provided by older adults and the welfare regime classification. As a main result, countries grouped in "High degree of familialism by default" category specialized in supporting family-related alters, particularly with childcare or personal care. In contrast, the elders in countries belonging to "High degree of de-familialisation" typology provided a more varied but less demanding support, to non-relatives alters and less oriented to care. The analyses show that the SHARE provides a solid opportunity to face the topic

The impact of emotional well-being on long-term recovery and survival in physical illness: a meta-analysis

This meta-analysis synthesized studies on emotional well-being as predictor of the prognosis of physical illness, while in addition evaluating the impact of putative moderators, namely constructs of well-being, health-related outcome, year of publication, follow-up time and methodological quality of the included studies. The search in reference lists and electronic databases (Medline and PsycInfo) identified 17 eligible studies examining the impact of general well-being, positive affect and life satisfaction on recovery and survival in physically ill patients. Meta-analytically combining these studies revealed a Likelihood Ratio of 1.14, indicating a small but significant effect. Higher levels of emotional well-being are beneficial for recovery and survival in physically ill patients. The findings show that emotional well-being predicts long-term prognosis of physical illness. This suggests that enhancement of emotional well-being may improve the prognosis of physical illness, which should be investigated by future research

The BRICS in the Global Order: A New Political Agenda?

Regarding the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) it’s important to analyze comparatively the new power cycle in order to understand not only the impact of the world crisis as well as the relationship between the official political discourses and the economic instability. Actually, the trade liberalization and economic interdependence accompanied with an uncertain international system are putting pressure to the BRICS with their own agendas for global order in seeking for a balance and also to regain a new political and economical dynamic for the promotion of new strategies

Land Suitability and Capability For Mariculture Utilization of Coastal Area of Manado Tua Island

The concept of land suitability and carrying capacity in utilizing the coastal land area of Manado Tua Island is a long-term goal in the study of sustainable coastal and small island management. Meanwhile, alternative livelihoods for sustainable aquaculture food sources are a special target. The potential of freshwater supply becomes a limiting factor for small islands, in addition to land availability. The special objective is the use of aquatic land as aquaculture land which has an impact on alternative livelihoods and the availability of food sources. The land suitability analysis is carried out in the following stages: (1) preparing a map of the Manado Tua Island area, (2) creating a matrix for the suitability of aquaculture activities, (3) providing weighting and scoring, and (4) conducting spatial analysis. The biogeophysical conditions of the coastal waters of Manado Tua Island are classified as normal for mariculture cultivation activities. Geographically the island is located at coordinates 01º 37 '57 "North Latitude and 124º 41" 56 "East Longitude. The very suitable location I was 44.03 m2, while the suitable land was 34.25 m2, and the conditionally suitable land was 17.13 m2. For location II, the area that fully meets the requirements is 70.50 m2, and those that meet the appropriate requirements are 49.86 m2, and those that meet the conditionally are 27.51 m2. The land area of Manado Tua Island is 1,056.02 ha. The condition of freshwater sources has not yet the potential to meet the needs of the community and visiting tourists.Keywords: land suitability, aquaculture, freshwater utilization, Manado Tua IslandAbstrakKonsep kesesuaian lahan dan daya dukung dalam memanfaatkan areal lahan pesisir  Pulau Manado Tua merupakan tujuan jangka panjang dalam studi pengelolaan pesisir dan pulau kecil secara berkelanjutan. Sedangkan alternatif mata pencaharian untuk sumber pangan hasil budidaya perairan secara berkelanjutan menjadi target khusus. Potensi sediaan air tawar menjadi faktor pembatas pulau kecil, disamping ketersediaan lahan. Adapun tujuan khusus adalah pemanfaatan lahan perairan sebagai lahan budidaya perikanan yang berdampak pada alternatif mata pencaharian serta ketersediaan sumber bahan pangan. Analisis kesesuian lahan dilakukan dalam tahapan: (1) penyusunan peta kawasan Pulau Manado Tua, (2) membuat matriks kesesuaian kegiatan budidaya perikanan, (3) memberikan pembobotan dan pengharkatan, dan (4) melakukan analisis spasial. Kondisi biogeofisik perairan pantai Pulau Manado Tua tergolong normal untuk kegiatan budidaya matrikultur. Secara geografi Pulau terletak pada koordinat 01º 37’ 57” LU dan 124º 41’ 56” BT. Pada lokasi I yang sangat sesuai seluas 44,03 m2, sedangkan lahan yang sesuai seluas 34,25 m2 dan lahan yang sesuai bersyarat seluas 17,13 m2.  Untuk lokasi II  areal yang sangat memenuhi syarat adalah seluas 70.50 m2, dan yang memenuhi syarat sesuai adalah seluas 49,86 m2, dan yang memenuhi sesuai bersyarat seluas 27,51 m2. Luas daratan Pulau Manado Tua 1.056,02 ha . Kondisi sumber air tawar di belum berpotensi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dan wisatawan yang berkunjung.Kata kunci: kesesuaian lahan, budidaya perikanan, pemanfaatan air tawar, Pulau Manado Tu

DISFUNZIONE MULTIORGANO (MOF) IN CORSO DI ENCEFALOPATIA NEONATALE. INDAGINE EPIDEMIOLOGICA SU UN CAMPIONE DI NEONATI OSSERVATI NEL PERIODO GENNAIO 2009 - MAGGIO 2016

encefalopatia, disfunzione multirogan

Type D patients report poorer health status prior to and after cardiac rehabilitation compared to non-type D patients

Background: Type D personality is an emerging risk factor in coronary artery disease (CAD). Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves outcomes, but little is known about the effects of CR on Type D patients. Purpose: We examined (1) variability in Type D caseness following CR, (2) Type D as a determinant of health status, and (3) the clinical relevance of Type D as a determinant of health status compared to cardiac history. Methods: CAD patients (n = 368) participating in CR completed the Type D Scale, the Short-Form Health Survey 36 pre- and post-CR, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale pre-CR, to assess health status and depressive and anxious symptomatology, respectively. Results: The prevalence of Type D decreased from 26.6% to 20.7% (p = 0.012) following CR, but Type D caseness remained stable in 81% of patients. Health status significantly improved following CR [F(1,359) = 17.48, p < 0.001], adjusting for demographic and clinical factors and anxious and depressive symptoms. Type D patients reported poorer health status [F(1,359) = 10.40, p = 0.001], with the effect of Type D being stable over time [F(1,359) = 0.49, p = 0.48]. Patients with a cardiac history benefited less from CR [F(1,359) = 5.76, p = 0.02]. The influence of Type D on health status was larger compared to that for cardiac history, as indicated by Cohen's effect size index. Conclusions: Type D patients reported poorer health status compared to non-Type D patients pre- and post-CR. In the majority of patients, CR did not change Type D caseness, with Type D being associated with a stable and clinically relevant effect on outcome. These high-risk patients should