Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among Younger Population in Northeastern Ohio

Author Institution: Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State UniversityAuthor Institution: College of Nursing, Kent State UniversityAuthor Institution: Infection Control, Ashtabula County Medical CenterThe Ashtabula County Medical Center (ACMC), a 241-bed medical center in Ashtabula County, Ohio, has been providing inpatient and outpatient services for a portion of Northeastern Ohio for over a century. In the current report, we have investigated the rate of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) occurrence among the younger population (less than 25 years of age) who sought medical attention at ACMC emergency room or one of its outpatient-affiliates (e.g. physician’s office or clinics) from January 2006 to December 2007. Here, we report a significant increase in incidence of MRSA among patients six to 25 years of age during this time period. Considering the age population and the origin of specimens, the present findings suggest a rapid increase in incidence of MRSA among the general population in Northeastern Ohio. These findings demonstrate the need for the development of new protocols aimed at identifying preventive measures in order to immobilize the spread of such pathogens among the younger population in the region

The association between the outcomes of trauma, education and some socio-economic indicators

Background: There are many debates on socioeconomic indicators influencing trauma outcomes.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between education as a socioeconomic indicator and trauma outcomes.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 30,448 trauma patients during 2016-2021. The data were based on the minimum dataset of the National Trauma Registry of Iran (NTRI) from six different trauma centers in various cities of the country. The variables used in this study included age, education level, marital status, cause of injury, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and in-hospital mortality. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between independent variables and trauma outcomes.Results: The study included 30,448 trauma patients with male predominance (75.8%). The mean age was 36.9 years. The most frequent education level was secondary education, with 14,228 (46.6%). Education levels had significant relationships with ISS, death, and ICU admission (P<0.001). Moreover, after applying the multiple logistic regression, the odds of deaths for trauma patients with no formal, primary, and secondary education levels were 3.36, 5.03, and 3.65 times, respectively, more than the odds of deaths at the higher education level after controlling for other factors (all Ps<0.05). However, there were no such relationships between education levels and the odds of ICU admission.Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed a significant association between the education levels and trauma outcomes. Adjusted for other covariates, the chance of death for trauma patients with no formal, primary, or secondary education levels was higher than that at the higher education level

Animal-related injuries in hospitalized patients

Introduction: Injury from animal attacks is an important public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. As we cannot neglect or underestimate these hazardous conditions, we aimed to assess animal-related injuries in Iranian patients and compare the results.Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted on data from the National Trauma Registry of Iran, trauma patients admitted to the hospital due to animal attacks from January 15, 2018, to November 1, 2021, were assessed. A checklist gathered data consisting of baseline characteristics such as sex, age, activity, place at the time of the attack, and injury site. In addition, we extracted the clinical features of these patients, including injury severity score, Glasgow coma scale, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, hospital length of stay, surgery, and discharge status.Results: One hundred thirty-one patients were registered in the study. Most of the patients were male (80.9%), aged 16 to 44 years (59.5%), and encountered animal attacks when they were in agricultural areas (45%). Ninety-six patients (73.3%) underwent surgery, and three were hospitalized in ICUs. We recorded 172 injuries, consisting of 92 (53.5%) injuries in the upper extremities as the most common region of the body. The males were aged 16-44 years (66%), and the females were aged 45-65 (52%) (P=0.005). Fifty percent of males and 24% of females were injured in the agricultural areas. Moreover, 24% of females and 6.6% of males were injured at home.Conclusion: This study showed a high incidence animal attacks in Iran. Most injuries were in middle aged males and in the agricultural area

Comparison of nine trauma scoring systems in prediction of inhospital outcomes of pediatric trauma patients: a multicenter study

Abstract Hereby, we aimed to comprehensively compare different scoring systems for pediatric trauma and their ability to predict in-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The current registry-based multicenter study encompassed a comprehensive dataset of 6709 pediatric trauma patients aged ≤ 18 years from July 2016 to September 2023. To ascertain the predictive efficacy of the scoring systems, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. A total of 720 individuals (10.7%) required admission to the ICU. The mortality rate was 1.1% (n = 72). The most predictive scoring system for in-hospital mortality was the adjusted trauma and injury severity score (aTRISS) (AUC = 0.982), followed by trauma and injury severity score (TRISS) (AUC = 0.980), new trauma and injury severity score (NTRISS) (AUC = 0.972), Glasgow coma scale (GCS) (AUC = 0.9546), revised trauma score (RTS) (AUC = 0.944), pre-hospital index (PHI) (AUC = 0.936), injury severity score (ISS) (AUC = 0.901), new injury severity score (NISS) (AUC = 0.900), and abbreviated injury scale (AIS) (AUC = 0.734). Given the predictive performance of the scoring systems for ICU admission, NTRISS had the highest predictive performance (AUC = 0.837), followed by aTRISS (AUC = 0.836), TRISS (AUC = 0.823), ISS (AUC = 0.807), NISS (AUC = 0.805), GCS (AUC = 0.735), RTS (AUC = 0.698), PHI (AUC = 0.662), and AIS (AUC = 0.651). In the present study, we concluded the superiority of the TRISS and its two derived counterparts, aTRISS and NTRISS, compared to other scoring systems, to efficiently discerning individuals who possess a heightened susceptibility to unfavorable consequences. The significance of these findings underscores the necessity of incorporating these metrics into the realm of clinical practice