Standardization in ayurvedic medicine: still a far cry

Plants are known to the common people by their indigenous system of nomenclature.  Sanskrit is one such rich language.  Sanskrit plant names convey all-pervasive information about Indian culture. The plant names in Sanskrit is one way of determining plant species and thereby a drug used in Ayurvedic system. About 20 Sanskrit plant names are explained etymologically and their help in identifying the taxon under consideration. These help decipher the taxa/drugs adequately. There are also instances wherein it is helpless as they point out different sources of the Ayurvedic drugs. Standardisation of a drug is a must and one has to go not simply by literature but by plant material in hand.  Attempts to identify the Ayurvedic drugs are far from the main goal of standardization which is the crying need of the hour. &nbsp

Herbal haircare as revealed by people in Jalgaon district, Maharashtra, India

The paper deals with herbal hair consmetics used in tribal and rural areas of Jalgaon district (Maharashtra, India). The indigenous uses of 23 plant species belonging to 23 genera of 18 angiospermic families are presented. Each application is presented with its botanical name, vernacular name and family, their uses, methods of preparation of cosmetic product and mode of applications.  Interestingly, 21 species out of 23 form additional reports for India. Scientific assessments of these applications are however desirable

Flexible and Robust k-Zero Day Safety Network Security Metrics to Measure the Risk on Different Vulnerabilities

Today's computer systems face sophisticated attackers who combine multiple vulnerabilities to penetrate networks with devastating impact. The overall security of a network cannot be determined by simply counting the number of vulnerabilities. In fact, the security risk of unknown vulnerabilities has been considered as something immeasurable due to the less predictable nature of software flaws. This causes a major difficulty to security metrics, because a more secure configuration would be of little value if it were equally susceptible to zero-day attacks. In this paper, instead of just counting how much such vulnerability would be required for compromising network assets we can also attempting to rank unknown vulnerabilities. We propose a Flexible and Robust k-Zero Day Safety security model to rank the zero-day attacks by using collaborative filtering technique to different (types of) zero-day vulnerabilities and novel security metrics for uncertain and dynamic data. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15073

Size-distribution of submicron aerosol particles over the Indian Ocean during IFP-99 of INDOEX

Measurements of the size-distribution of submicron aerosol particles of diameter from 0.003 to 1 μm are made over the Indian Ocean during the IFP-99 of the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX). Measurements are made during the onward journey from Goa to Port Louis, Mauritius from 20 January to 11 February 1999 onboard ORV Sagar Kanya and during the return journey from Port Louis to Male from 22 February to 1 March 1999 onboard Ronald H. Brown. Observations show large concentrations in the range of 2-6 × 103 particles/cm3 over the Indian Ocean in the northern hemisphere and these drop down to about 500 particles/cm3 in the southern hemisphere. However, the aerosol concentrations show a peak of about 3 × 103 particles/cm3 at 13°S. In the northern hemisphere, the concentration of particles of diameter < 0.0749 μm increases from 14°N to 1°N and then steeply falls. On the other hand, the concentration of particles of diameter > 0.0749 μm keeps decreasing up to 6°S. Size distributions of particles at open sea in the northern hemisphere show a maximum at 0.133 μm and minimum at 0.0422 μm and are generally openended at the smaller size end. The size-distributions of particles are sometimes relatively flat from 0.0133 to 0.237 μm when the particle concentrations are low in the southern hemisphere. The transport and accumulation of aerosol particles in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone is discussed. The relative abundance of large versus small particles is examined with respect to the variation of surface atmospheric pressure along the route