An unusual occurrence of giant primary osteosarcoma of chest wall in adult: case report and review of literature

Osteosarcoma is most frequently occurring bone malignancy which commonly occurs in the ends of the long bone. Usually osteosarcomas do not involve the bones of the chest wall. 22 year old patient presented with swelling in left anterior chest wall gradually enlarging over the period of 1 year accompanied by dull aching pain in the same. On examination there was 30×25 cm large hard irregular swelling which was fixed to chest wall. CECT Thorax was suggestive of 30×25×18 cm sized soft tissue lesion involving 3, 4, 5 rib involvement with sunburst periosteal reaction. Mass is having large extrathoracic with small intrathoracic extensions. Moderate pleural effusion was noted. Core biopsy of mass identified the tumor as osteosarcoma. Primary malignant bone tumors of the chest wall are very rare entity. Of these tumors chondrosarcomas are the most frequent. Chondrosarcoma are chemo-resistant as compared to osteosarcomas. Management of such tumors should follow the same oncological principles of resection with wide margins whenever possible. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be given in cases of responsive etiologies like Ewing sarcoma or osteosarcoma. These malignancies generally have poor prognosis.

Hepatoprotective activity of Ficus semicordata Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. leaves aqueous extract on D-galactosamine induced toxicity in HepG2 cell line

The leaves of Ficus semicordata Buch-Ham.ex Sm., locally in North India is referred to as Bhumi udumbara have been reported for their traditional use to cure jaundice and various liver ailments. Despite its extensive usage in northeastern states of India, there is a lack of scientific substantiation on the safety and pharmacotherapeutic efficacy. The present study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of F. semicordata (FS) leaves aqueous extract on HepG2 cell line to validate its ethnic claim in the management of liver disorders. D-galactosamine induced HepG2 cell toxicity model was used to evaluate its hepatoprotective activity. The cells were treated with different concentrations of aqueous extracts and dexamethasone as a standard. MTT assay was performed to determine the % inhibition of hepatotoxicity. The result indicates that the toxicity induced by D-galactosamine is reduced by FS aqueous extract group which is better when compared with the standard drug. This study revealed the hepatoprotective potential of F. semicordata on HepG2 cell line

Hepatoprotective activity of Ficus semicordata Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. leaves aqueous extract on D-galactosamine induced toxicity in HepG2 cell line

239-243The leaves of Ficus semicordata Buch-Ham.ex Sm., locally in North India is referred to as Bhumi udumbara have been reported for their traditional use to cure jaundice and various liver ailments. Despite its extensive usage in northeastern states of India, there is a lack of scientific substantiation on the safety and pharmacotherapeutic efficacy. The present study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of F. semicordata (FS) leaves aqueous extract on HepG2 cell line to validate its ethnic claim in the management of liver disorders. D-galactosamine induced HepG2 cell toxicity model was used to evaluate its hepatoprotective activity. The cells were treated with different concentrations of aqueous extracts and dexamethasone as a standard. MTT assay was performed to determine the % inhibition of hepatotoxicity. The result indicates that the toxicity induced by D-galactosamine is reduced by FS aqueous extract group which is better when compared with the standard drug. This study revealed the hepatoprotective potential of F. semicordata on HepG2 cell line

Experimental investigation for the dynamic characteristics of short natural fiber reinforced composite materials

The study of mechanical and dynamic characteristics of composite materials is important. Vibration is one of the major problems faced because of the uncertainty and the disturbances due to its surroundings. For composite being used in the structures like aircraft, automobiles, railway coaches and buildings it should have sound mechanical and dynamic characteristics. Many researchers have been interested in the natural fiber based composite materials for solving problems such as environmental sustainability while also having good mechanical properties. In this paper, our objective is to explore the use of the short fiber and studied the dynamic and mechanical characteristics of banana-epoxy; kenaf-epoxy and hemp-epoxy natural fiber reinforced composite materials. The use of short fibers in the composites makes it easy to process and thus reduces the production cost when compared to composites which are made from long fiber mat. All composites which are fabricated have shown enhancement in the mechanical strength when the fiber loading in the composite is increased. It is concluded that the composite samples prepared from kenaf, banana and hemp shows better damping characteristics when compares to the neat epoxy material. It is also found that the hemp fiber based composite has shown the highest tensile strength and kenaf fiber based composite has shown the highest damping propertie

Comparative study of limberg’s rotation flap versus karydakis procedure in pilonidal sinus surgery

Introduction: Pilonidal sinus regularly affects upon young males. Various etiological speculations and treatment techniques have been depicted for treating sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD), prompting ceaseless discussions about the best treatment methodology. This review was directed to look at the short and long-haul inconveniences and aftereffects of the Limberg flap with that of the Karydakis flap as cosmesis, recurrence and wound mending. Objectives: In this forthcoming randomized review, 54 patients with SPD were conceded to go through either the Karydakis flap (n = 27) or the Limberg's flap (n = 27) method amidst July 2019 and July 2020. Methods: The mean employable time for the Limberg group (55.15 ± 7.65 minutes) was more limited as compared to the Karydakis group (46.55 ± 9.5 minutes) (P). The inconvenience rate for the the Limberg group (n = 7) [26%]) was higher as compared to Karydakis group (n = 4) [14%]) (P). The visual simple scale score for post-operative agony at the activity site on the 30th day was higher in the Limberg group as compared to the Karydakis group (3.55 ± 1.25 versus 2.44 ± 1.11, P .01). The visual simple scale score for cosmesis of scars in the Karydakis group was 7.78 ± 1.92, while it was 3.47 ± 1.54 in the Limberg group at the third month (P). Length of clinic stay was fundamentally less limited in the Limberg group as compared to the Karydakis group (3.8 1.19 versus 3.40 .94 days, P<.03). Just four patients in the Karydakis group created repeat (3%), while 9 patients did as in the Limberg group (P <.151). Conclusion: Karydakis flap ought to be the favoured strategy than Limberg flap for treating simple SPD for its more limited activity time, lower torment score, more limited length of clinic stay, lower early postoperative inconveniences, and better superficial result. As far as disease repeat, no distinction was found amidst the two careful methods

Experimental investigation for the dynamic characteristics of short natural fiber reinforced composite materials

366-377The study of mechanical and dynamic characteristics of composite materials is important. Vibration is one of the major problems faced because of the uncertainty and the disturbances due to its surroundings. For composite being used in the structures like aircraft, automobiles, railway coaches and buildings it should have sound mechanical and dynamic characteristics. Many researchers have been interested in the natural fiber based composite materials for solving problems such as environmental sustainability while also having good mechanical properties. In this paper, our objective is to explore the use of the short fiber and studied the dynamic and mechanical characteristics of banana-epoxy; kenaf-epoxy and hemp-epoxy natural fiber reinforced composite materials. The use of short fibers in the composites makes it easy to process and thus reduces the production cost when compared to composites which are made from long fiber mat. All composites which are fabricated have shown enhancement in the mechanical strength when the fiber loading in the composite is increased. It is concluded that the composite samples prepared from kenaf, banana and hemp shows better damping characteristics when compares to the neat epoxy material. It is also found that the hemp fiber based composite has shown the highest tensile strength and kenaf fiber based composite has shown the highest damping properties

Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals stimulate gene expression in renal epithelial cells

Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals stimulate gene expression in renal epithelial cells. Primary or secondary hyperoxaluria is associated with calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, interstitial fibrosis and progressive renal insufficiency. Monolayer cultures of nontransformed monkey kidney epithelial cells (BSC-1 line) and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals were used as a model system to study cell responses to crystal interactions that might occur in the nephrons of patients during periods of hyperoxaluria. To determine if COM crystals signal a change in gene expression, Northern blots were prepared from total renal cellular RNA after the cells were exposed to crystals. The immediate early genes c-myc, EGR-1, and Nur-77 were induced at one hour. At two to six hours stimulated expression of the genes encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A chain was detected, but constitutive expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) was not altered. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was induced at one hour and persisted up to 24 hours. The stimulation of gene expression by COM crystals was relatively crystal- and renal cell-type specific. Thus the interaction of kidney epithelial cells with COM crystals alters expression of genes that encode three classes of proteins: transcriptional activators, a regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM), and growth factors. Activation of PAI-1 gene expression without a change in u-PA favors accumulation of ECM proteins, as does increased expression of PDGF and CTGF which can also stimulate fibroblast proliferation in a paracrine manner. These results suggest that COM crystal-mediated stimulation of specific genes in renal tubular cells may contribute to the development of interstitial fibrosis in hyperoxaluric states