23 research outputs found
Transport by molecular motors in the presence of static defects
The transport by molecular motors along cytoskeletal filaments is studied
theoretically in the presence of static defects. The movements of single motors
are described as biased random walks along the filament as well as binding to
and unbinding from the filament. Three basic types of defects are
distinguished, which differ from normal filament sites only in one of the
motors' transition probabilities. Both stepping defects with a reduced
probability for forward steps and unbinding defects with an increased
probability for motor unbinding strongly reduce the velocities and the run
lengths of the motors with increasing defect density. For transport by single
motors, binding defects with a reduced probability for motor binding have a
relatively small effect on the transport properties. For cargo transport by
motors teams, binding defects also change the effective unbinding rate of the
cargo particles and are expected to have a stronger effect.Comment: 20 pages, latex, 7 figures, 1 tabl
The PACT domain, a conserved centrosomal targeting motif in the coiled-coil proteins AKAP450 and pericentrin
AKAP450 (also known as AKAP350, CG-NAP or Hyperion) and pericentrin are large coiled-coil proteins found in mammalian centrosomes that serve to recruit structural and regulatory components including dynein and protein kinase A. We find that these proteins share a well conserved 90 amino acid domain near their C-termini that is also found in coiled-coil proteins of unknown function from Drosophila and fission yeast. Fusion of the C-terminal region from either protein to a reporter protein confers a centrosomal localization, and overexpression of the domain from AKAP450 displaces endogenous pericentrin, suggesting recruitment to a shared site. When isolated from transfected cells the C-terminal domain of AKAP450 was associated with calmodulin, suggesting that this protein could contribute to centrosome assembly
Mri of coronary arteries: 2d breath-hold vs 3d respiratory-gated acquisition
Objective: Respiratory motion degrades MR images of the coronary arteries. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare two methods of reducing the effects of respiration in coronary artery MRI. Single-slice 2D imaging with breath-holding and a respiratory-gated 3D technique were used. Materials and Methods: A comparison was made in 10 normal subjects between a 2D multiple breath-holding approach and a 3D technique with and without retrospective respiratory gating in imaging the coronary arteries. Results: Respiratory gating improved the image quality in 76% of the 3D images. Both the 2D and the 3D approaches were capable of visualizing the proximal parts of the coronary arteries, with comparable vessel length and diameter. The image quality was somewhat better for images obtained by breath-holding in 83% of the vessels, probably due to less blurring by remnant respiratory motion and higher inflow contrast. Conclusion: The 2D breath-holding approach reveals a better image quality. However, the 3D respiratory-gated acquisition is less operator dependent, faster, and less strenuous for patients