A new kind of vortex pinning in superconductor / ferromagnet nanocomposites

This paper reports the observation of hysteresis in the vortex pinning in a superconductor / ferromagnetic epitaxial nanocomposite consisting of fcc Gd particles incorporated in a Nb matrix. We show that this hysteretic pinning is associated with magnetic reversal losses in the Gd particles and is fundamentally different in origin to pinning interactions previously observed for ferromagnetic particles or other microstructural features.Comment: Submitted to PR

Lie symmetry and μ-symmetry methods for nonlinear generalized Camassa–Holm equation

Abstract In this paper, a Lie symmetry method is used for the nonlinear generalized Camassa–Holm equation and as a result reduction of the order and computing the conservation laws are presented. Furthermore, μ-symmetry and μ-conservation laws of the generalized Camassa–Holm equation are obtained

Epigenetic modification does not determine the time of POU5F1 transcription activation in cloned bovine embryos.

Purpose To investigate the effect of epigenetic modification on pattern, time and capacity of transcription activation of POU5F1, the key marker of pluripotency, in cloned bovine embryos. Methods Bovine fibroblasts were stably transfected with POU5F1 promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). This provided a visible marker to investigate the effect of post-activation treatment of cloned bovine embryos with trichostatin A (TSA) on time and capacity of POU5F1 expression and its subsequent effect on in vitro development of cloned bovine embryos. Results Irrespective of TSA treatment, POU5F1 expression was not detected until 8–16 cell stage, but was detected in both inner cell mass and trophectoderm at the blastocyst stage. TSA treatment significantly increased POU5F1 expression, and the yield and quality of cloned embryo development compared to control. Conclusion The POU5F1 expression of cloned embryos is strictly controlled by the stage of embryo development and may not be altered by TSA-mediated changes occur in DNA-methylation and histone-acetylation of the genome

The study of rearing density effect on growth and survival of fingerlings Kutum, Rutilus kutum, with Caspian Sea water

Rutilus kutum is one of the most important economic fish species of Iranian costal of Caspian Sea. This species conducted more than 60% of fish caught in Caspian Sea annually, and more than 10 thousands fisherman engaged to its fishery. In present study, kutum fingerlings reared in two different densities include of 25 and 40 fish/m^2 with mean weight of 17.5±5.87 g. The period of test being planned 10 weeks and the test organism housed in circular concrete pools of 3 m^3 capacity with flowing water and aeration in pools are supplied. The fishes feed by extrude food with 45% crude protein and 14% crude fat. After termination of the experiment, the result showed that weight gain performance, specific growth rate, condition factor, food efficiency rate and protein efficiency rate decreased, while food conversion ratio increased with rising of density, as their different was significance in two experimental treatments (p<0.05). The kutum reared in low density showed significantly higher survival rate (SVR) (with 88.8%) than high density (with 76.9%) (p<0.05). Based on the different observed effects of the density on growth and survival, it is recommended the use of a 25 kutum/m^2 density for rearing by Caspian Sea water

MicroRNAs-mediated regulation of the differentiation of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review and bioinformatic analysis

Background: Human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDP-MSCs), which include human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), are promising cell sources for regenerative therapies. Nevertheless, a lack of knowledge relating to the mechanisms regulating their differentiation has limited their clinical application. microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules in cellular processes including cell differentiation. This systematic review aims to provide a panel of miRNAs that regulate the differentiation of hDP-MSCs including hDPSCs and SHEDs. Additionally, bioinformatic analyses were conducted to discover target genes, signaling pathways and gene ontologies associated with the identified miRNAs. Methods: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library. Experimental studies assessing the promotive/suppressive effect of miRNAs on the differentiation of hDP-MSCs and studies evaluating changes to the expression of miRNAs during the differentiation of hDP-MSCs were included. miRNAs involved in odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation were then included in a bioinformatic analysis. A miRNA-mRNA network was constructed, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed. Results: Of 766 initially identified records through database searching, 42 and 36 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and bioinformatic analyses, respectively. Thirteen miRNAs promoted and 17 suppressed odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-218 and hsa-miR-143 were more frequently reported suppressing the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-124 promoted and hsa-miR-140-5p inhibited neuronal differentiation, hsa-miR-26a-5p promoted and hsa-miR-424 suppressed angiogenic differentiation, and hsa-miR-135 and hsa-miR-143 inhibited differentiation within myogenic lineages. A miRNA-mRNA network including 1890 nodes and 2171 edges was constructed. KEGG pathway analysis revealed MAPK, PI3K-Akt and FoxO as key signaling pathways involved in the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. Conclusions: The findings of this systematic review support the potential application of the specific miRNAs to regulate the directed differentiation of hDP-MSCs in the field of regenerative therapies

Primary antibody deficiency in a tertiary referral hospital: A 30-year experiment

Background: Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) is the most common group of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID), with a broad spectrum of clinical features ranging from severe and recurrent infections to asymptomatic disease. Objectives: The current study was performed to evaluate and compare demographic and clinical data in the most common types of PAD. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of all PAD patients with a confirmed diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), hyper IgM syndrome (HIgM), selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD), and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) who were diagnosed during the last 30 years at the Children�s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran. Results: A total number of 280 cases of PAD (125 CVID, 32 HIgM, 63 SIgAD, and 60 XLA) were enrolled in the study. The median (range) age at the onset of disease in CVID, HIgM, SIgAD, and XLA was 2 (0-46), 0.91 (0-9), 1 (0-26), and 1 (0-10) years, respectively. Gastrointestinal infections were more prevalent in CVID patients, as were central nervous system infections in XLA patients. Autoimmune complications were more prevalent in HIgM patients, malignancies in CVID patients, and allergies in SIgAD patients. The mortality rate for CVID, HIgM, and XLA was 27.2, 28.1, and 25, respectively. No deaths were reported in SIgAD patients. Conclusions: SIgAD patients had the best prognosis. While all PAD patients should be monitored for infectious complications, special attention should be paid to the finding of malignancy and autoimmune disorders in CVID and HIgM patients, respectively. © 2015 Esmon Publicidad

The interactions of age, genetics, and disease severity on tacrolimus dosing requirements after pediatric kidney and liver transplantation

Purpose: In children, data on the combined impact of age, genotype, and disease severity on tacrolimus (TAC) disposition are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these covariates on tacrolimus dose requirements in the immediate post-transplant period in pediatric kidney and liver recipients. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected describing tacrolimus disposition, age, CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genotype, and pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) scores for up to 14 days post-transplant in children receiving liver and renal transplants. Initial TAC dosing was equal in all patients and adjusted using therapeutic drug monitoring. We determined the relationship between covariates and tacrolimus disposition. Results: Forty-eight kidney and 42 liver transplant recipients (median ages 11.5 and 1.5 years, ranges 1.5-17.7 and 0.05-14.8 years, respectively) received TAC post-transplant. In both transplant groups, younger children (<5 years) needed higher TAC doses than older children [kidney: 0.15 (0.07-0.35) vs. 0.09 (0.02-0.20) mg/kg/12h, p = 0.046, liver: 0.12 (0.04-0.32) vs. 0.09 (0.01-0.18) mg/kg/12h, p